In Russia, January was considered one of the coldest winter months. In January, meteorologists recorded the lowest air temperatures at night. It is believed that summer residents can easily rest from heavy physical exertion, but in fact, work can be found in any month of the year, even January.

Work at the dacha in January

Firstly, immediately after the New Year holiday, it is worth checking the safety of your site. This is due to the fact that some categories of people are trying to find a place to celebrate New Year's days. It is no secret that a good, but poorly protected dacha is chosen as such an object.

Many of the Tyumen residents, understanding all the hustle and bustle of city streets and daily traffic jams, ultimately come to the idea of ​​purchasing a country plot or a house on land. But, before making a choice, it is necessary to take a closer look, with the help of a qualified consultant, at the list of cottage villages in Tyumen on the sova72.ru project. The proposed options are enough to suit all your tastes and wishes!

The next step while you are on the site will be to inspect the trunk area of ​​fruit trees and branches of your favorite shrubs. At this time, hares very actively eat any softer bark, and also seek shelter from severe frosts in barns and plantings.

To repel rodents from more valuable tree species, it is worth spraying near the trunk with a strong-smelling, persistent substance, such as mothballs, creolin or tar.

Due to the small amount of snow that fell in some regions, it is worth taking care of the root system of trees. Take a shovel and shovel snow from paths and open areas closer to the trunk area. Don't forget to sprinkle snow on perennial crops as well. Along the picket fence, it is worth constructing windproof sheets around the perimeter. They will hold the snow well in the area and prevent strong winds from blowing up. You just need to fix them correctly.

During the thaw period, very carefully shake off excess snow mass in the form of caps from the trees. This will help reduce the load on the branches and protect them from breaking in February.

Make bird feeders and hang them near the house. Feeding birds in winter will protect your area from pests in summer. The feeder should be hung high to protect the birds from the local predatory inhabitants of the dachas - stray cats.

Working from home in January

January is the best time to select new crops and their varieties that you intend to sow and plant in the new year. Apply proper crop rotation techniques. You should not plant last year's crop in the same place. There are crops that cannot be planted next to each other.

Winter is an excellent time to study agrotechnical principles and new literary sources. If possible, visit gardening clubs to gain the most valuable thing - experience. Don't be afraid to experiment.

Necessary purchases for a summer resident in January

During the winter period, you should acquire the necessary and missing equipment. At this time, sellers do not yet mark up prices, as in the summer season. It is worth buying plastic film and covering material. It is worth replenishing last year's supplies of pitch, chemicals and organic fertilizers. Buy garden pitch and other fertilizers. Stock up on the necessary seeds and make a plan for upcoming sowing and planting.

January work in the flower garden

A flower garden of perennial plants, just like fruit trees, requires additional protection from rodents and freeing branches from the weight of snow to avoid breakages and breaks. Some seeds require stratification - short-term exposure to the cold.

Preparing bulbous crops for forcing

In the last days of January, it is worth preparing bulbous crops - hyacinths, tulips and daffodils - for the February forcing period. Earthen boxes with tulip bulbs should be placed for three days in a dark room with a constant air temperature of +15°C, daffodils - in a bright room with an air temperature slightly lower - +10°C, hyacinths - in a dark place with room temperature and Gradually accustom him to light over 5 days. There is no need to water the bulbs in the very first hours.

Harvest storage

Conduct an audit of dahlia tubers and gladioli bulbs stored underground. Look in the refrigerator - maybe there is fermented jam there. You can make delicious wine from it or simply digest it into new jam. That part of the potato that has begun to rot in the cellar requires immediate removal so as not to infect new tubers. Avoid excessive moisture in the cellar and the development of mold fungi. Squash and pumpkins require lubrication with sunflower oil to prevent fungal penetration.

A real gardener should always be on his toes and winter is not a reason for relaxation. Of course, frost, snow and blizzards will not allow you to visit your favorite area as often as in the summer, but there is still enough work. Some work in the garden in January even determines the development of the garden throughout the next year.

List of main works in winter

As for winter in general, all types of work at this time can be divided into several types:

• planning - think through possible transformations of the site, perhaps draw several competitive site plans;
• preparatory– do an audit of seeds, prepare nutrient mixtures for plants;
• You may have to periodically make forays into the area; gardening work in January includes protecting trees during heavy snowfall. Tree branches may break under the weight of snow.

Planning and preparation for the spring-summer period

If revolutionary changes in the design of the site are not planned, then all efforts should be devoted to preparing the seeds for spring, as well as preparing soil substrate for seedlings.

• if tubers are stored in the basement for the winter, then periodically it is necessary to carry out an inspection and maintain a constant temperature and humidity in the room; the price of negligence in this matter is quite high.

Note!
Even slightly rotten tubers must be ruthlessly discarded, and dry ones must be dried before storage.
Otherwise, they are guaranteed to become a source of decay.

• Every self-respecting gardener probably keeps a set of seeds that, for various reasons, have not been able to be planted for many years now. It would be a good idea to check their germination. Some will most likely have to be discarded; it is better to make up for the losses before the arrival of warmer weather;
• You don’t have to buy the soil substrate, but prepare it yourself. It can be stored for quite a long time, and the savings will not be unnecessary;

• Already in January you can start sowing some ornamental plants, for example, lobelia, verbena, and various types of carnations. If you sow seedlings before the end of January, the results will become visible by May;
• You can also stock up on fertilizers, garden pest control products, etc.

Winter work in the garden

You will have to spend a lot of time in the garden itself. Work in the garden in January largely depends on the climate, and accordingly on the average temperatures and precipitation levels in this month.

In a temperate climate (and more severe) you need to take care of the following:

• Inspect the trees; leaves and dried fruits miraculously preserved on the branches must be removed. The forks and buds of trees are a favorite wintering place for pests; in winter you can get rid of them once and for all;

• during heavy snowfalls, snow may stick to the branches, in which case it must be regularly shaken off with a long stick;
• In January, the garden needs to be protected from severe frosts; the main insulation measures are carried out in the fall, but in winter, with the help of snow, you can additionally insulate the root system. To do this, simply shovel freshly fallen snow towards the trees.

Note!
There is no consensus regarding the trampling of snow near trees.
On the one hand, this provides protection from rodents, but on the other hand, compacted snow will take too long to melt and, as a result, the growing season will shift somewhat.

January is the middle of winter and hard times come for many animals. Hares can easily gnaw off the lower branches of young trees and bark. It would be a good idea to prepare repellent solutions.

The instructions for preparing such protection are quite simple:

• One of the recipes advises mixing mullein and clay in a 1:1 ratio and adding no more than 1 tablespoon of carbolic acid per bucket of the finished mixture. To scare away animals, simply coat the tree trunk with the prepared mixture;
• Alternatively, you can soak sawdust in creolin (5-10% solution) and simply scatter it under the tree.

It would be a good idea to protect the wood from temperature changes. This is especially true for the southern part of the country, when the temperature difference between day and night is especially noticeable. Whitewashing the trunks will prevent the dark part of the trunk from getting too hot under the sun's rays.

The lunar calendar is the main document for a gardener

In addition, the signs of the zodiac are also taken into account, each of the 12 signs is classified according to their “degree of fertility”:

• Aquarius, Gemini, Aries, Leo and Virgo are considered completely barren signs. When the Moon is in one of the listed signs, then any plant transplants are not recommended. On such days, the gardener's lunar calendar for January 2015 is best to focus on indoor plants;
• Capricorn, Libra, Taurus and Sagittarius can be categorized as having average fertility;
• but Scorpio, Cancer and Pisces are considered fertile. When the Moon is in one of these signs, you can start planting plants with a clear conscience.

The garden calendar for January 2015 includes information on the phase of the Moon, as well as the zodiac sign in which the Moon is located. For ease of work, a list of recommended work is immediately provided, as well as a list of plants that are best to work with at this time.

For example, on January 31, 2015, the moon was in its waxing phase in the fertile Zodiac sign – Cancer. This is why the calendar has quite a few restrictions on this day. It is not recommended to work with herbaceous, tuberous, climbing plants.

Summarizing

Winter is not a period of relaxation, but rather a simple change of activity for gardeners. Instead of constantly fiddling around in the garden and vegetable garden, his field of activity partially shifts to the house, although work in the garden itself does not cease to be performed. The Lunar calendar will be of considerable help in this situation for any summer resident.

The video in this article briefly lists the main types of winter work in the garden.

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Heavy snowfall on the roof of houses over time, if there is frost, can create a real problem when it turns into a thick flooring. Cleaning the roof from it is not an easy task, and most importantly, unsafe.

If you have a gable roof made of new slate, it will easily withstand even a thick layer of snow, which itself will not linger on it. But the roof on a veranda or greenhouse made of polycarbonate needs to be cleaned.

Everything is simple with a greenhouse. I slowly pull the snowdrifts towards me and gradually remove them to the ground. At the same time, I make sure that thick layers of snow are not created.

I clear the canopies over the porches of snow using a simple device - a specially made mop with a scraper - removing the snow in small portions.

You have to climb onto the roof of the veranda. A wide shovel - wooden or plastic - will help here. The main thing is that it is not metal, otherwise you can accidentally damage the roof.

Ilya Konovalov, Obninsk, Kaluga region.

If a lot of sticky snow fell on the crowns, it must be shaken off quietly so as not to damage the branches. This can be done, for example, with a stick wrapped in a rag.

If the branches became heavy after the freezing rain, do not knock down the crust, but make supports to, if possible, give the branches their previous position. Over time, the sun will melt this glaze.

In winter, the garden can be welcomed by feathered guests who stay in our area for the winter. That's why I take care of a birdhouse for them in advance.

And so that to feed birds, I recommend making a feed ball like this: Take lard (butter spread), mix it with grain (or cereal mixture for birds), freeze it in the freezer, put it in a mesh bag and hang it from strong tree branches. During the period of food shortage, your care will greatly help beneficial insectivorous birds.

Oleg Naydenov, Goryachy Klyuch, Krasnodar region

It is very important if snow fell, keep it longer at your summer cottage. What can be done about this? Place shields to retain snow before planting. Rake the snow up to the trees and bushes in a mound. To protect young coniferous trees and shrubs from sunburn, cover them with light-proof material.

Regularly ventilate and inspect tubers and bulbs which are in storage.

Hang bird feeders in your garden and add food to them regularly.

Organize your gardening equipment.

Prepare the soil mixture for seedlings, sift and disinfect it, if necessary.

In order not to forget anything, be sure to make a plan for purchasing and planting new ornamental and fruit plants in the new season.

Andrey Korovin, Lipetsk

Below are other entries on the topic “Do-it-yourself cottage and garden”

January is the month when you can start planning plantings, checking the presence of seeds and their germination.

Gardener work in the garden in January

Shake the snow off the branches in the garden, but do it carefully. Check the stratified seeds periodically to prevent them from drying out.

If there is snow, you can throw it on buried seedlings and tree trunks.

If the weather is warm, then you can whitewash the skeletal branches and trunks, if this was not done in the fall.

Attract wild birds to your garden and in the summer they will help you fight pests. Hang unsalted lard in the garden, pour sunflower seeds and bread crumbs into feeders.

Check pears and apples stored for storage.

Collect ash for fertilizer by burning old branches, which can then be added when planting potatoes in holes, and into the soil when digging in the berry patch, garden and vegetable garden.

Check the branches of trees, at this time you can determine the wintering sites of pests on them. Without waiting for spring, destroy them, as well as the breeding ground for infection - mummified fruits.

If the weather is warm, then you can prune and clean the bark. But you also need to remember about frosts, which can cause damage to the garden, so protect your garden.

Garden work in January

Spring is not coming soon, but you can start planning your plantings now. Take into account crop rotation, proximity of plants, and lighting requirements. If you do not plan to cultivate the entire plot, then the empty area needs to be sown with green manure, and for this you need to purchase seeds in advance.

You also need to take care of the supply of fungicides, pesticides and mineral fertilizers. Collect droppings if you have poultry.

Plant a vegetable garden on your windowsill and enjoy fresh herbs like celery, lettuce, parsley, and green onions. If you provide additional lighting, you can grow tomatoes and onions indoors.

You can now prepare the soil for growing seedlings, freeze and steam it. Prepare containers for growing seedlings.

Cover crops done before winter with snow, and if there is no snow, then with leaves, sawdust or straw.

On frosty days, set up traps made of humus and manure for tops.

Clean and disinfect greenhouses.

Do not leave stored vegetables unattended. Ventilate the rooms in which they are located.

At the end of January, you can sow tomatoes, peppers, and early cabbage for seedlings, which will be transplanted into greenhouses in the spring. To prevent seedlings from stretching in room conditions, it is necessary to create an optimal temperature and additional lighting.

January work in the flower garden

Some types of flowers tolerate winter sowing well, as well as winter sowing. But the bed for this must be prepared in the fall; if this does not happen, then you can sow flower seeds in a box that is placed in the cold.

Keep an eye on the shelters of roses, perennials, bulbs and winter crops. If there is no snow, add mulch.

January work in the berry garden

Check the safety of the cuttings prepared in advance. Plant them in containers with pre-frozen and warmed soil. Plastic bottles are suitable for germinating cuttings.

To get an early harvest of strawberries and wild strawberries, buy covering material. Repair trellises in the vineyard, remove remnants of vines, garters, and foliage. In January you can put the cuttings for staking.

Prepare phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium fertilizers and manure to fertilize the vineyard.

Do not throw away pine needles after the New Year holidays; they can serve as one of the components in preparing nutritious soil for seedlings and indoor flowers, and can also be used as fertilizer and mulch.

Prepare nutritious soil by mixing equal parts of finely chopped pine needles and soil. Then we lightly moisten the mixture and after 3-4 months we get a soft substrate, which tomato seedlings especially like.

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January and February are usually the coldest months of the year. Helping the garden to safely endure the hardships of winter is the main task of a gardener in the middle of winter.

What work should be done in the garden in January

The roots of trees and shrubs need special care. Trees tolerate even a winter with little snow better if they received moisture-recharging irrigation in the fall, if the soil around them met the winter in a loose state and under a reliable layer of mulch.

Trees on compacted and insufficiently moist soil are at risk of drying out their tissues under the influence of winds and frosts.

Winter drying often affects shoots of berry bushes, especially raspberries and gooseberries, that are damaged by diseases and whose growth is delayed in the fall. Mulch the frozen soil around the berry plants, as well as woody cuttings planted in the fall, with humus, compost or peat to protect the suction roots, which die already at minus 2-5 degrees.

The best protection for roots from frost is snow. If there is not enough of it, rake it from paths, from ditches and scatter it under bushes, under young trees.

After a snowfall, it is useful to cover not only the tree trunk with snow, but also the tree trunk.

But a large amount of heavy wet snow or an ice crust on the branches can harm the plants. To prevent breaks, shake off snow from the branches or prop up old and weak tree branches with chatals. And tie columnar trees loosely in several places.

If possible, trample down the snow several times during the winter: the plants will be warmer, and mice will not be able to get to the trunks of young trees. Cover strawberry bushes with snow, retain the snow with brushwood, shields, and plant debris.

If you haven’t done this before, then in January it’s not too late to do this work - walk through the garden, carefully examine the exposed crowns. If you notice diseased (mummified) fruits on the branches that spread disease, cut them off and burn them in the fire. Send cut nests of hawthorn, goldentail and other pests there.

In January it’s already worth taking care of the trunks of fruit trees. With sharp fluctuations in day and night temperatures, the bark may burst and frost holes may occur. You can find them by knocking on the trunk with a piece of wood: in those places where the bark has come off, the sound will be dull.

On a warm sunny day, you need to carefully clean it, apply a tight gauze bandage and cover the entire area with melted garden varnish. When it dries, wrap the trunk in burlap, cover the top with film and leave until spring.

Check out the autumn whitewash. If it peels off, restore it during the thaw.

If the trunks were not whitened in the fall, do this work now: rake away the snow, whiten and hill up the trees again. It may be too late in February.

January work in the fruit storage

In the storage area with fruits, monitor the air temperature and humidity. Take measures in a timely manner: when it gets cold (severe frost is predicted), close the hatch and vents; when it gets warm, open it. Fruits freeze already at minus 1.4-1.8 degrees.

When the temperature rises, the fruits become overripe; when they become too dry, they wilt. Excessive moisture leads to rotting of the fruits and the appearance of an unpleasant aftertaste.

For most apple varieties, the optimal temperature is from 0 to 2-3 degrees and a relative air humidity of 85-90 percent. If necessary, sort through the apples and pears stored for storage. If you notice mouse gnawing on the fruits, set up mousetraps and spread out poisoned baits.

Seed stratification

At the end of January - beginning of February, cherry and plum seeds laid for stratification begin to hatch. To stop germination, place a bag of seeds in a snow pile, cover it with sawdust on top with a layer of 8-10 cm. And store until April-May.

You can stratify the seeds of fruit crops to speed up their germination.

Layer the seeds with wet sand, sawdust or peat chips and keep them at a temperature of 1-5 degrees and with free access of air.

At the end of January, the period of natural dormancy for plants ends. Therefore, make sure that the buds on the cuttings prepared for grafting do not swell. If they begin to swell, move them to a cooler place.

Winter vaccination

In January, you can begin winter (tabletop) grafting of rootstocks harvested in the fall. After finishing the work, place the grafted rootstocks in a box, the bottom of which is lined inside with film with slits for water drainage. Place a layer of sawdust on the bottom, place grafts on them, sprinkle them with sawdust, and so on until the top of the box. Cover the box with film.

Keep the box with vaccinations at a temperature of plus 20 degrees for 10 days. After a few days, untie 1-2 grafts and check if they have grown together. Tie it up, put it in a box and place it in the basement before planting it in the ground.

Some gardeners manage to plant cuttings into the crown of trees right in the garden at the end of January. And it turns out well. Give it a try. Select a branch, split it. The length of the split is 3-4 cm. Take an annual branch as a scion. Make a cut first on one side, then on the opposite. The cutting can have 6-7 or 3-4 buds.

Insert the cutting into the split, tie it with fabric folded in 4 layers (possibly with cotton wool pads). Cover everything on top with film. And wait until spring.

Preparing for the upcoming summer season

If possible, store wood ash, bird droppings, and manure in winter. When stacking manure, sprinkle it with superphosphate (2-2.5 kg per 100 kg of manure). Purchase mineral fertilizers and plant protection products in advance. Take precautions when storing them.

Every time you visit your dacha in January - February, feed the birds and make additional feeders.

Stock up on fertilizers, repair gardening equipment, and treat them with a strong solution of potassium permanganate. Buy what you're missing.

You can prepare fertilizer at home in winter. Dry potato peelings on paper near the radiator. Place them in plastic bags and take them to the country in the spring. You can put the cleaning in the compost, or you can burn it and enrich the ash with minerals.

Gardener's January concerns

January is not the busiest month for gardeners. There is still time to sit quietly and think about what and where you will plant. Check the availability of seeds and, if necessary, purchase the missing ones. Don't forget about the soil for seedlings. You need to not only buy it, but also have time to freeze it properly, and thus get rid of pests and infections that could be there.

Many vegetable growers are already starting to grow vegetable seedlings with a long growing season. These plants primarily include:

• White cabbage and cauliflower
• Hot peppers and early varieties of peppers for growing indoors.
• Early varieties of tomatoes intended for growing in greenhouses
• Leeks and nigella, if you are going to grow turnips in one summer
• Root celery
• Parsley and dill
• If you are planning to grow potatoes from seeds, it’s time to start sowing.
• When sowing garden strawberry seeds in January, the harvest can be obtained at the end of summer

Flowers that start growing in January

In January, flower sowing usually begins in two cases:

1. Flower seedlings are grown as seedlings and should bloom in May.
2. The florist really wants (regardless of any inconveniences and hassles) to see his favorites blooming as soon as possible.

In January, you can sow the following flowers for seedlings:

• Turkish cloves and Shabo cloves
• Eustoma
• Lobelia
• Petunia
• Garden primrose
• Pansies
• Fuchsia
• Rhodendron
• Kobeya
• Cyclomen
• Bulbs for forcing by March 8

All these flowers, when planted in January, will bloom in May June

However, all these seedlings will definitely need good lighting. Think about whether you can organize such lighting and whether you are ready for such troubles. Maybe it’s worth postponing planting to a later date?