Mushakeeva Galiya Syamigullovna, teacher, MBU school 26 s/p d/s "Topolek", Tolyatti
Explanatory note
One of the main tasks of a preschool institution is to prepare children for school. However, there are children who, despite normal mental development, have speech impairments and are not able to master the necessary skills in preparation for learning to read and write. These are children with general speech underdevelopment (GSD). Such children are characterized by insufficient development of fine motor skills. This is exactly the group I work in.
There is a connection between speech development and finger motor skills. The level of speech development is directly dependent on the degree of formation of fine hand movements. Until finger movements become free, speech development will not be achieved. For a child, special attention should be paid to training his fingers.
Manual labor has a huge impact on the development of the hand. We noticed that children are attracted to crafts made from natural materials, paper, and beads. They admire toys made from waste materials. They use them in games with great desire. Therefore, the offer to learn how to weave beads, make toys from paper, and crafts from natural materials caused delight among the children. Parents enthusiastically supported us - teachers and children. This is how the manual labor circle “Skillful Hands” was defined.
This club program is designed for one year of education for children aged 7 years.
We have developed a series of manual labor classes for children in the preparatory group. The list of activities included working with natural materials, paper, waste materials, and beads.
The purpose of the circle: to ensure the speech well-being of preschool children at the stage of preparation for school through types of manual labor.
The “Skillful Hands” circle will have a positive impact on the activation of fine motor skills of the hands, the development of small muscles of the hand, the development of imagination, fantasy, memory, and the ability to organize one’s activities (perseverance, attention span). This, in turn, will have a beneficial effect on successful adaptation to school education.

Long-term plan for the year for manual labor. Preparatory group

SEPTEMBER

1. “Pictures made of stone”

Example: teach children to make a composition from river stones by gluing them onto cardboard. Develop creativity, imagination, sense of rhythm. Continue to teach how to clean your workplace. Foster a caring attitude towards natural materials. Develop fine motor skills.
Material: river stones, cardboard, PVA glue.

Pr.sod: teach children to make applique from ash seeds. Strengthen your skills in working with scissors when cutting out individual parts from paper (eyes, mouth, ears, paws). Develop imagination and creativity. Foster a caring attitude towards natural materials. Develop fine motor skills.
Materials: cardboard sheet, ash seeds, colored paper, scissors, glue.

3. “Fairytale heroes of the forest”

Pr.sod: continue to develop in children the desire to engage in manual labor, to use skills in working with natural materials. Continue to learn how to make crafts based on drawings, combine different materials in one craft, and fasten them together using sticks and plasticine. Develop creative imagination, cultivate artistic taste.
Material: spruce and pine cones, ash wings, walnut shells, down and bird feathers, plum pits, moss.

4. "Cactus"

Etc. sod: teach children to make a cactus craft from natural materials (cucumber, zucchini), using toothpicks. Develop imagination and creativity. Foster a caring attitude towards natural materials. Materials: Cucumber or zucchini, toothpicks, rowan berries, small flower pot.

OCTOBER

Example: teach how to work carefully with a needle, learn the rules for using a needle, teach children how to make crafts from natural materials; Continue to teach preschoolers to clean their workplace and handle natural materials carefully.
Material: rowan berries, strong threads, needles, if desired, melon and watermelon seeds.

Material: cardboard of various shapes and sizes, plasticine, seeds of various plants

3. “Magic leaves”

Pr.sod.: teach children to make applique from leaves. Develop creativity and imagination. Continue to teach preschoolers to clean their workplace and handle natural materials carefully.
Material: dry leaves, glue, cardboard.

4. “Plate for dolls”

Pr.sod.: teach children to make appliqué from natural material on a plasticine basis, develop creativity, imagination, sense of rhythm, learn to compose a composition.
Material: cardboard plate, plasticine, seeds of various plants, sample.

NOVEMBER

1. “Teaware for dolls”

Pr.sod: Teach children to decorate dishes with small pebbles, shells, using a plasticine base, and design the craft as they wish. Develop creativity and imagination. Cultivate artistic taste. Develop fine motor skills.
Material: river stones, shells, plastic cup and saucer, plasticine.

2. "Kokoshniki"

Example: teach children to use different natural materials to decorate the kokoshnik, to create a composition. Cultivate a caring attitude towards natural materials and accuracy. Develop imagination, imagination, sense of rhythm.
Materials: kokoshniks made of cardboard and pasted velvet paper, seeds of various plants, dried flowers, leaves, scissors, PVA glue, brushes, sample.
Literature: V. Pudova “Toys from natural gifts” pp. 41-43

3. "Snowflakes"

Pr.sod.: teach children to make appliqué from natural material on a plasticine basis, develop creativity, imagination, sense of rhythm, learn to compose a composition.
Material: cardboard of various shapes and sizes, plasticine, seeds of various plants.

4. “Bunch of grapes”

Etc. soda: teach children to make crafts from walnuts on a plasticine base. Develop creativity and imagination. Cultivate neatness. Develop fine motor skills.
Material: walnuts (3 pieces per child), plasticine, cardboard.

DECEMBER

1. "Noise Makers"

Example: teach children to make musical instruments from various waste materials, design crafts according to their wishes, develop imagination and intelligence, teach them to listen carefully to the work plan.
Materials: yogurt cups, round stick, match, fishing line, rosin, awl, knife. (The teacher does the work with the awl and knife in advance)

2. "TURNTABLES"

Pr.sod.: teach children to make a variety of toys from the same blank and establish their similarity to familiar objects; learn how to do crafts based on diagrams; develop constructive thinking and intelligence; expand personal and gaming experience; enrich your vocabulary.
Materials: squares of colored paper, pencil for making sticks, cloves, hammer.

3. "GIRAFFE. ZEBRA"

Example: learn to make crafts from matchboxes, supplement the crafts with details, giving expressiveness and resemblance to real animals. Continue learning to analyze the drawing and sample. Encourage children to make crafts for later use in the game. Develop creativity, imagination, thinking.
Material: matchboxes, colored

4. "CATAMARANS"

Pr.sod.: teach children to make a variety of toys from the same blank and establish their similarity to familiar objects; learn how to do crafts based on diagrams; analyze the diagram; develop constructive thinking and intelligence.
Materials: squares of colored paper, colored paper for decoration, scissors, glue, brushes, diagrams, sample.

JANUARY

1. "Dress for Neptune"

Program content: teach children to make simple crafts from foil, create their own composition in accordance with the plan, use the acquired knowledge and skills in creating an artistic image. Develop a creative interest in various paper construction techniques.
Materials: napkins, foil, needle, thread, pin, scissors.

Pr.sod. : continue to learn how to fold paper in different directions in accordance with the drawing; develop in children intelligence, creativity, and the ability to use different means of expression when creating an image; learn to simulate a game situation
Materials: album sheet (cardboard), colored paper, scissors, glue or colored pencils, paints, rectangles of orange paper, diagrams.

3. "BURENKA WITH CALF"

Adv.: continue to learn how to fold paper in different directions in accordance with the drawing; develop in children intelligence, creativity, and the ability to use different means of expression when creating an image; learn to simulate a game situation;
Materials: landscape sheet (cardboard), colored paper, scissors, glue or pencils, colored paints, rectangles of orange paper, diagrams.

4."PICTURE FRAME"

Example: teach children to fold paper in different directions while making a picture frame. Develop the ability to analyze a drawing. Do the work carefully. Develop fine motor skills.
Material: rectangular sheets of white paper (or wallpaper), simple pencil, ruler, drawing.

FEBRUARY

Pr.sod.: continue to teach how to make crafts from various materials; develop in children intelligence, creativity, and the ability to use different means of expression when creating an image; learn to simulate a game situation; enrich the emotional sphere and vocabulary.
Materials: balloons for each child (different colors), self-adhesive paper, scissors, thread, tape, simple pencils, sample.

2. "Airplane".

Purpose of the lesson: teach children to make an airplane out of paper; consolidate the ability to fold a sheet of paper in half, diagonally. Learn to design crafts as you wish. Develop creativity and imagination. Develop fine motor skills.
Materials: airplane models, colored sheets of paper, felt-tip pens of various colors.

3. "JONKS IN TAILS" (penguins)

Pr.sod.: evoke in children positive emotions and the need to receive new information; consolidate constructive skills and abilities; develop creativity; enrich your vocabulary. Continue applique using the tearing method.
Materials: black squares of paper, diagrams, sample, dark blue cardboard and white ice paper, scissors, glue.

4. "BIRDS"

Example: continue to teach children how to make paper crafts, correctly transfer the stencil onto a sheet of cardboard, continue to teach how to fold paper like an accordion to create a fan; develop in children intelligence, creativity, and the ability to use different means of expression when creating an image; learn to simulate a game situation; enrich the emotional sphere and vocabulary.
Materials: bird stencils, sample, cardboard, colored paper, scissors, pencil, glue, strong thread.

MARCH

1. "TULIP"

Pr.sod.: involve children in exciting games and creative activities; develop interest in the world around us and constructive skills; expand social experience and enrich vocabulary. Continue to teach how to analyze the drawing, carry out the craft according to the diagram, continue to teach how to work in pairs, and be patient when explaining how to complete the craft.
Material: squares of different colors and shades matching the color of the tulip, strips of green paper for making the stem and leaves, diagrams, samples.
Literature: Kobitina "Working with paper. Crafts and games" p.55-56

2. “The Kingdom of Beads”

Etc. sod: introduce the history of the development of beading. To develop positive motivation in children in the activities of the circle. To promote the formation and satisfaction of cognitive interest in beads of different textures. To help “immerse” children in the amazing kingdom of beads.
Material for the lesson: a variety of beadwork.

3. “Belt for a doll”

Etc. sod: to promote the development of the ability to string beads on a linen thread, after making a knot at the end of the thread.

4. "Beaded path"

Etc. sod: learn to string beads on a thread, alternating beads in a certain order. Develop a sense of rhythm. Cultivate perseverance and patience. Develop fine motor skills.
Material: beads of different colors, linen thread.

APRIL

1 “Decoration for a doll (pendant)”

Etc. sod.: Encourage children to make a fun craft for a doll with their own hands. To promote the development of the ability to string beads onto a thread, shape a rope into the desired shape and connect the ends of parts.
Materials for the lesson: linen thread, beads.

2. “Ring on a finger”

Etc. sod: Saturate children's lives with new impressions, stimulate children's creativity. Strengthen the skill of connecting the ends of a string of beads, forming a ring from it. Encourage friendly relationships between children, the desire to help each other. Develop fine motor skills.
Materials for the lesson: beads, linen thread.

"SEPTEMBER

Topic: By design (from building material)

Program content:

Develop the ability to build in pairs and discuss your actions. Teach children to distribute work, select materials in accordance with the planned construction. Continue to teach children to kindly and objectively evaluate the buildings of other children, and jointly find the reasons for failures.

Topic: Basket for vegetables and fruits. (from paper)

Program content:

Continue teaching how to use paper. Under the guidance of the teacher, create a basket yourself. Learn to create objects from strips of colored paper, select colors and their shades.

Develop manual skills, develop creativity, and the ability to transform materials.

Topic: City microdistrict. (from building material)

Program content:

Cultivate an interest in teamwork and experience the joy of working together. Learn to build houses, schools, kindergartens from various construction kit parts, decorating them with architectural details. Develop the ability to plan the construction process.

Topic: Trolley - wheelbarrow (made of paper)

Program content:

Strengthen the ability to independently make a pattern, cut off unnecessary parts, make cuts, glue, and design a craft. Strengthen the ability to properly use materials and equipment for work, prepare your workplace and clean up after work.

OCTOBER

Topic: Ship. (from Lego parts)

Program content:

Cultivate an interest in design and a desire to complete the work. Learn to use a drawing when working, make your own changes to the design. Strengthen the ability to analyze children's work objectively and kindly.

Topic: Table and chairs. (from paper)

Program content:

Develop the ability to independently select materials for work. Exercise children in folding a square sheet into 16 small squares, carefully gluing the boxes, cutting off the excess. Learn to discuss your actions in a way that is clear to all children.

Topic: Various buildings. (desktop designer)

Program content: Teach children to create a structure according to a planar diagram, taking into account the fact that various three-dimensional parts can be depicted in the diagram as identical flat figures; teach how to change a building in accordance with given conditions (add a balcony, make the same house but with two entrances, make the first floor higher to set up a store in it, etc.)

Topic: Figures of little animals and people. (from natural material).

Program content:

Foster interest in making crafts from natural materials (cones, chestnuts, acorns). Develop imagination and imaginative thinking. Teach a variety of ways to attach parts. (plasticine, matches). Strengthen the ability to convey movements, give crafts a certain character.

NOVEMBER

Theme: "Stairs" (Lego)

Program content:

To develop the ability to make crafts from small parts of a construction set. To consolidate knowledge about plastic and its properties. Learn to build according to a model, monitor the strength of the connection. Strengthen the ability to independently determine fastening methods.

Topic: “Road signs”

Program content:

Learn to think through the stages of work, find manufacturing methods, and select materials. Strengthen the ability to fasten parts using PVA glue. Clarify ideas about the properties of materials.

Topic: “City streets” (building material)

Program content:

Continue to teach children how to build buildings using large construction kits, and to unite buildings with a common plan. Learn to work collectively, agree on what part of the work everyone will do. Learn to create buildings independently, using a verbal description or drawing, and find constructive solutions.

Topic: “Bird” (origami technique)

Program content:

Develop paper design skills according to a pattern. Learn to read a diagram and understand symbols. Learn to follow the sequence of completing the craft suggested in the diagram. Develop skills in performing and modifying the basic “Simple Triangle” model, learn how to make neat, clear folds. Learn to decorate a craft, “revive it with the help of drawing or appliqué. Develop an interest in the art of origami.

DECEMBER

Topic: “Urban transport” (from building material)

Program content:

Cultivate an interest in collective construction and the ability to discuss one’s actions with others. Teach children to build freight and passenger transport. Reinforce knowledge of traffic rules with children during the lesson.

Topic: “Old Forest Man”

Program content:

Teach children to make fun crafts using pine cones, fruits and seeds of various plants, and plasticine. To develop children’s creative imagination, the ability to see various figures and shapes in natural materials. Develop skills in working with paints, scissors, glue, plasticine.

Topic: “Christmas tree” (craft using the origami technique).

Program content:

Develop skills in accurately performing folds; teach children how to fold a new basic shape - a double triangle; learn how to decorate a craft according to your design.

Subject: By design.

Program content:

Cultivate interest in constructive activities, the desire to see completed work. Teach children to choose the topic of their work, specify what details and how many they need for construction. Strengthen the ability to talk about your construction, clarify whether everything has been done as planned at the beginning of the work

JANUARY

Topic: Ships according to drawings. (from the builder)

Program content:

Cultivate interest in various ships, the desire to make them yourself. Teach children to build ships according to drawings, observing the oval base, length and width parameters. Strengthen the ability to work independently and bring work started to completion.

Topic: Eggshell story mosaic “Chicken hatched from an egg.”

Program content:

Develop imaginative and spatial thinking, encourage children to be creative and independent, and cultivate neatness.

Topic: Bridge (from the builder).

Program content:

Cultivate accuracy in construction, monitor the strength of the connection of parts. Teach children to build according to the conditions: bridges across the river, pedestrian bridges, bridges for pedestrians and cars. Generate interest in a variety of structures and develop creativity

Topic: Jar for bulk items. (from paper)

Program content:

Learn how to make objects based on a cylinder, carefully glue the bottom, and make a lid. Decorate the craft with cut out small details. Glue it yourself. Cultivate accuracy when working with glue.

FEBRUARY

№ 1-2

Topic: By design (from the builder).

Program content:

Instill in children respect for the results of their work and the work of other children. Develop the ability to come up with a plot for your building and decorate it with additional details. Learn how to combine your crafts with a common idea and play with them.

Topic: Making a souvenir (surprise card) as a gift for dad.

Program content:

Develop the ability to come up with a plot for a postcard and realize your idea. Strengthen the ability to cut out small details by eye and choose beautiful color combinations. Cultivate hard work and accuracy.

Topic: “Fairytale house.”

Program content:

Arouse in children an emotional attitude towards the building, develop artistic taste, and satisfy children’s need for decorative design of structures.

Topic: “Soldier” (making toys from cones and cylinders).

Program content:

Improve the ability to cut out parts by eye and glue them to a made cone (from a circle) or cylinder (from a rectangle), give the craft a certain image, decorating it with cut out small details.

MARCH

Topic: “We design using models”

Program content:

Teach children to construct from building materials using contour diagrams and axonometric drawings (3-dimensional images). Strengthen the ability to identify stages in creating a structure. Develop practical skills, form spatial concepts.

Topic: Animals. (from the material used).

Program content:

Cultivate friendliness and a desire to help each other. Teach children to make crafts from used materials: reels, bobbins, boxes, etc. Be careful when cutting along the contour and when gluing parts.

Subject: By design.

Program content:

Cultivate interest in constructive activities, the desire to see completed work. Teach children to choose the topic of their work, specify what details and how many they need for construction. Strengthen the ability to talk about your construction, clarify whether everything has been done as planned at the beginning of the work.

Topic: “Toys - fun” (made of paper and cardboard).

Program content:

Cultivate a caring attitude towards children of the younger group, a desire to give them gifts. Teach children to understand ready-made patterns and glue toys together on their own. Strengthen the ability to cut out small details by eye and choose beautiful color combinations.

APRIL

Topic: “Our spaceship.”

Program content:

To develop the creative imagination of children, their imaginative thinking (the spaceship itself is constructed from a large cardboard box; the nozzles are made from cut-off plastic bottles, the fire from the nozzles is made from colored paper, the bow of the ship is also a fragment of a plastic bottle; the ship is decorated with inscriptions and drawings on its sides). Learn to create crafts from waste materials. Learn to work collectively, distribute different areas of work among yourself, get pleasure and joy from successful teamwork. Improve skills in working with scissors, glue, and brush.

Topic: Origami “Kolobok”.

Program content:

Strengthen the ability to fold a sheet of paper in different directions, develop the eye, accustom to precise finger movements under the control of self-awareness, cultivate accuracy and perseverance.

Topic: "Airplanes".

Program content:

To consolidate the idea of ​​different types of aircraft, that their structure depends on the functional purpose (passenger, military, sports). Introduce the new construction set (small plastic). Learn to combine parts. Reinforce your understanding of construction details.

Topic: "Ship". (traveling for wild animals).

Program content:

Help children highlight the dependence of the shape of the vessel on its practical purpose, and form a generalized idea of ​​the vessel.

MAY

Theme: "Farm"

Exercise children in construction according to the conditions. Learn to construct buildings according to different parameters, transform them according to verbal instructions. Cultivate responsiveness and compassion.

Subject: “Flowers in a vase” Constructor

Continue to teach children to consolidate the skills of firmly connecting parts. Introduction of the rule for alternating parts. Teach children to correlate their actions with the rule and model of construction.

Designed according to design from various materials.

Teach independent selection of parts, development of an idea-image for the design of an object, drawing up diagrams, creating buildings.

Develop an interest in architectural structures. Teach analysis of illustrations and determination of architectural style.

1.Introduction2

2. Characteristics and importance of manual and artistic labor for the development of the personality of preschool children3

3.Methodology of organization and management of manual and artistic labor in different age groups6

4.Conclusion9

Introduction

Labor is a purposeful human activity aimed at modifying and adapting natural objects to satisfy one’s needs.

K.D. attached great importance to labor education. Ushinsky - “Education should not only develop the mind, equip it with knowledge, but also ignite in a person a thirst for serious work...”

A.S. attached great importance to work. Makarenko, N.K. Krupskaya, V.A. Sukhomlinsky. Throughout the development of preschool education, much attention was paid to the problem of labor education of preschoolers:

It was considered important and obligatory to introduce self-service work, work in the garden and in the garden, manual labor with various materials.

The leading tasks were identified - to learn to work with joy; teach you to work efficiently.

Since 1964, systematic in-depth studies of the problem of labor education began: V.G. Nechaeva, G.N. Godina, D.V. Sergeeva, R.S. Bure, A.D. Shatova and others.

Their research answered the question about the content, means, methods and forms of labor organization and its role in educating the personality of a child of childhood.

The absence of a labor component in the educational process can lead to a delay in personal development.

Characteristics and importance of manual and artistic labor for the development of the personality of preschool children

Children's manual labor consists of independently making crafts using simple tools. This work, as a rule, has a practical, to a certain extent useful orientation. Children’s awareness of the expediency of their work activity has a significant impact on its quality, on the attitude of each child to the process and result of work. The individual nature of manual labor (meaning that even with collective work, each of the children performs some part of it with their own hands), provided that all children are consistently introduced to it, allows us to record and correct some shortcomings. Work becomes an effective means of education and personal development only when it is naturally included in the daily life of the kindergarten, is aimed at satisfying children’s interests, is feasible for the child,

Carrying out collective tasks develops in children the ability to negotiate with each other, subordinate their interests and desires to a common goal, fosters a sense of camaraderie, mutual assistance, responsibility, and develops initiative and ingenuity. In the process of performing collective tasks of a visual nature, children learn to independently plan the upcoming work, coordinate their actions with the general plan, think through the sequence of its implementation, select and use the necessary visual material. At the same time, in collective work, the individual characteristics of children are clearly revealed and creative abilities are formed.

Artistic labor is the work of a child with various materials in order to create useful and artistically and aesthetically significant objects and products to decorate his life, games, work and leisure. This child labor is a decorative, artistic and applied activity, since the child, when creating beautiful objects, takes into account the aesthetic qualities of materials based on his ideas, knowledge and practical experience acquired in the process of work. Properly organized manual and artistic work gives children knowledge about the quality and capabilities of materials, stimulates the desire to master the characteristics of craftsmanship, and introduces them to decorative and applied arts.

The formation of a child’s personality is impossible without labor education. In the senior and preparatory groups, the main role is played by manual labor with elements of creativity. The manifestation of creativity of preschoolers is determined by the nature of the implementation of the mental tasks offered to them. It is important that children can release their creative energy. In terms of practical significance, the basic skills acquired in handicraft classes are needed by every person. In these types of work, many important qualities are cultivated: the habit of effort, the ability to overcome obstacles, responsibility, the ability to plan work and anticipate the stages in the sequence of its implementation.

In particular, beadwork is a type of needlework that can be used to solve the following problems:

· instill interest in the culture of their homeland, in the origins of folk art, cultivate an aesthetic attitude to reality, hard work, accuracy, perseverance, patience, the ability to complete the work started, mutual assistance in carrying out work, an economical attitude to the materials used, instill the foundations of a work culture.

· develop motor skills, imaginative thinking, attention, imagination, creativity, and form aesthetic and artistic taste.

In the process of classes, children develop attention, observation, imagination, fantasy, and creativity. In every task, in every lesson, children are given the opportunity to imagine, and are encouraged to bring their own images into the work. Practical work on beadwork develops the eye and fine motor skills of the hands, which is an important element of general labor training.

In the process of engaging in artistic work, all mental processes are formed in children of senior preschool age, creative abilities and a positive emotional perception of the world around them develop. N.K. also attached great importance to classes in artistic manual labor in the comprehensive development of the individual, and especially in moral and aesthetic education. Krupskaya: “Classes in artistic manual labor should be gymnastics for the eyes and touch, establish the coordination of visual impressions and motor reactions, and provide a concrete acquaintance with the world of things.”

Learning through artistic and manual labor classes is impossible without the formation of such mental operations as analysis, comparison, and generalization. In the process of observation, when examining objects and their parts, the size and location of parts in an object, the color image of objects of different shapes, their comparison and establishment of differences. At the same time, children learn to compare objects and phenomena and highlight what is common and different in them, and combine objects by similarity.

In art classes, children's speech develops: mastering the names of shapes, colors and their shades, spatial designations that help enrich the vocabulary.

A child who can do a lot feels confident among his peers. It is also desirable in their games. In their little affairs. All this provides the child with a comfortable position among children and adults, and contributes to the manifestation and formation of such an important personal quality as independence. The child becomes more sensitive to the beauty in the surrounding life, in hand-made objects and people. The child begins to appreciate the results of the labor of not only his own, but also those of others.

Methodology for organizing and managing manual and artistic labor in different age groups

Junior groups. It is necessary to arouse interest in “researching” the material and working with it, help to gain confidence in one’s own abilities, and enjoy the result of one’s work. It is necessary to encourage children to master spatial relationships between objects and certain physical laws, and to understand the properties of materials. To develop in children basic practical skills in working with materials and tools.

Middle group. There is already training in paper construction: bend a rectangular sheet of paper in half, aligning the sides and corners, and glue the parts to the main shape. You can teach how to make crafts from natural materials: bark, branches, leaves, cones, chestnuts, etc. The teacher teaches how to use glue and plasticine to secure parts; use reels, boxes of various sizes, plastic bottles, etc. in crafts.

Senior group. The ability to work with paper is improved: bend the sheet four times in different directions; work according to the finished pattern. Children learn to create three-dimensional shapes from paper: divide a square sheet into several equal parts, smooth out the folds, cut along the folds. Training continues in creating toys, souvenirs from natural materials (cones, branches, berries) and other materials (spools, colored wire, empty boxes), firmly connecting the parts. The ability to independently make toys for role-playing games is developed; souvenirs for parents and kindergarten staff; Christmas tree decorations. It is good to involve children in the production of manuals for classes and independent activities, repairing books, and printed board games.

Preparatory group for school. Here you can already divide the work of a teacher into several types:

Working with paper and cardboard - continue learning how to fold rectangular, square, round paper in different directions; use paper of different textures, make markings using a template; create fun toys; creating objects from strips of colored paper, selecting colors and their shades when making toys, souvenirs, costume parts and decorations for the holidays; developing the ability to use a sample; creating a variety of three-dimensional toys using the origami technique.

Working with fabric - teaching how to thread a needle, tie a knot, sew on a button, a hanger, sew simple items with a needle-forward seam; teach how to make applique using pieces of fabric of various textures, apply an outline using chalk and cut out in accordance with the intended plot.

Working with natural materials - creating figures of people, animals, birds from acorns, pine cones, seeds, etc., conveying the expressiveness of the image, creating general compositions.

Conditions for independent creative activity of preschool children:

· a subject-development environment rich in iso-materials and a variety of materials for children’s artistic creativity;

· free access to materials and the opportunity to experiment with them;

· availability of samples of products and crafts;

· use of artistic products created by children to decorate a preschool institution, prepare attributes for performances, organize exhibitions, and participate in competitions;

· creation of a museum of children's crafts, albums, books;

· direct involvement of parents in the process of creative activity with children.

To successfully teach preschoolers manual and artistic work, it is necessary to carry out certain preliminary work:

· creation of exhibitions

· creation of collections (candy wrappers, buttons, shells, stones, etc.)

· creation of albums (samples and diagrams of crafts, types of fabrics, herbarium, etc.)

· experimentation

· viewing filmstrips

· reading literature

· looking at paintings

· excursions

· collages

Materials and tools necessary for manual and artistic labor in preschool educational institutions:

· natural material (spruce, pine, cedar cones, conifer needles, bark, leaves, fruit and berry seeds, eggshells, pebbles, cereals, vegetable and flower seeds)

· waste material (boxes and jars of different sizes, disks, lids, tubes, candy wrappers, etc.)

· paper (plain, corrugated paper, napkins, newspapers, cardboard, foil)

· fabric, wire, cotton wool, cellophane, beads, foam rubber, buttons, etc.

· scissors, glue, plasticine, brushes, sewing needles.

Conclusion

Manual and artistic labor - by its purpose, is labor aimed at satisfying the aesthetic needs of a person.

Children delight other people with the results of their work by creating gifts for them.

Artistic work in a preschool institution is presented in two directions: children make crafts and learn to decorate the group room for the holidays with their products, design exhibitions, etc.

Certain elements of manual and artistic labor can be introduced already in younger groups.

In this case, the participation of an adult is mandatory. More precisely, children help an adult in creating crafts. And although the activity of children of this age is minimal, involvement in such interesting work is very useful.

The child sees how, in the hands of the teacher, a simple stick suddenly turns into a doll, and a ball into the head of a funny clown. This “magic” fascinates children, delights them and motivates them to their own activities.

Bibliography

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2. Bure R. Preschooler and work. Theory and methodology of labor education. A manual for teachers of preschool institutions: - Mosaic-Synthesis; 2011

3. Dmitriev Yu.A. Preparing students for labor education of preschool children // Teacher of the XXI century. No. 1, 2013, p. 104-109

4. Karpyuk G.A., Shabalin E.S. Educators on the organization of interaction with parents in the labor education of preschoolers // Preschooler. methodology and practice of education and training. No. 4, 2012, p. 54-56

5.Kutsakova L.V. Construction and manual labor in kindergarten. Program and methodological recommendations. For children 2-7 years old: - Sphere, 2011.

6. Saygusheva L. I. Technologies for introducing preschool children to work: Phoenix, 2013, 221 p.

7. Saygusheva L.I. Education of labor activity in children of senior preschool age: LAP LAMBERT, 2012, 219 p.

8. Semenova N. A. Possibilities for organizing research activities in the process of labor education of preschoolers // Kindergarten: theory and practice. No. 8, 2011, p. 70-75

9. Khlybova G.V. Labor education of preschool children (from work experience). Collection of proceedings of the conference “Education: traditions and innovations”. 2014, p. 450-452

Cognition (Manual labor. Working with paper and cardboard. Working with fabric. Working with natural materials).

Direction “Social and personal development”

Explanatory note.

Long-term planning is carried out according to the Basic General Educational Program of Preschool Education in groups of general developmental orientation with priority implementation of activities for the development of children in the physical direction. The program meets the modern goals of preschool education and provides for the comprehensive development of the child based on his age capabilities and individual characteristics.

The program is developed, approved and implemented in an educational institution on the basis of: the Law “On Education” of the Russian Federation; UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, 1989; World Declaration on the Survival, Protection and Development of Children, 1990; concepts of preschool education; Declaration of the Rights of the Child, 1959; Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia No. 655 of November 23, 2009 “On the approval and implementation of Federal state requirements for the structure of the basic general education program of preschool education”, sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the structure, content and organization of work in preschool organizations - SanPiN 2.4.1.2660-10 ; Charter of MKDOU.

The organization of the educational process is carried out in accordance with educational programs. Educational programs are implemented taking into account age and individual characteristics.

Literature:

1. N.F. Tarlovskaya, L.P. Toporkova “Teaching preschool children design and manual labor”, Moscow, publishing house “Prosveshchenie”, “Vlados”, 1994.

2. E. K. Gulyants, I. Ya. Bazik “What can be made from natural material”, Moscow, Prosveshchenie publishing house, 1984.

3. Tarabarina T.I. Origami and child development. Yaroslavl: 1998

4. Kutsakova L.V. “We create and craft. Manual labor in kindergarten and at home" M.: 2010

Final results:

Working with paper and cardboard

1. Able to fold rectangular, square, and round paper in different directions (cap); uses paper of different textures, makes markings using a template; creates fun toys (a teddy bear, a pecking cockerel, etc.);

1. knows how to create objects from strips of colored paper (mat, rug, bookmark), selects colors and their shades when making toys, souvenirs, costume parts and decorations for the holidays. Knows how to use a sample.
2. knows how to create three-dimensional toys using the origami technique.

Working with fabric

1. Knows how to thread a needle and tie a knot; sew on a button, hanger; sew a simple product (a bag for seeds, an apron for dolls, a pincushion) using a “forward needle” seam;
2. knows how to make an applique using pieces of fabric of various textures (silk for a butterfly, a flannel for a bunny, etc.), apply an outline using a chalk and cut it out in accordance with the intended plot.

Working with natural materials

1. He can create figures of people, animals, birds from acorns, cones, seeds, grass, branches, roots and other materials, and convey the expressiveness of the image. Creates general compositions (“Forest Glade”, “Fairy-Tale Heroes”);
2. Knows how to use materials carefully and economically.

1. Origami “Cup”. 09/16/2011

Goal: learning the basic shapes (Square, triangle) of origami

Move. Tarabarina T.I. p.55

2. Introduction to thread and needle, and the needle-forward stitch

Goal: Learn to thread a needle and tie a knot.

Cultivate perseverance;

Introduce sewing supplies

Learn to handle needles and threads carefully. Store the needle correctly.

Thread a needle. Introduce the “forward needle” stitch; Tie a knot;

Develop attention.

3. “Butterfly” made of sticks, leaves, plasticine 09/30/2011

Goal: -learn to make a toy according to a model.

Develop independence and communication skills;

Strengthen the ability to make crafts from natural materials;

Move. Gulyants, pp. 37, 70.

4. Origami “Puppy” 10/14/2011

Goal: To learn how to carefully fold a figure and smooth out folds.

Move. Tarabarina T.I. With. 57

5.Sewing on a button. 10/21/2011

Goal: - to cultivate accuracy and respect for materials;

Learn to sew on buttons with two holes. Strengthen the ability to work with a needle;

Develop attention.

Move. Tarlovskaya, p. 87.

6. “Fish” made from cones, lionfish, leaves, shells

Goal: - to cultivate interest in this type of work;

Learn to make a toy according to a model;

Use plasticine to join;

Move. Kutsakova L.V.s 64

7. Origami “Tit”

Goal: - Learn to carefully fold a figure;

Smooth out the fold;

Learning the Basic Kite Figure

Move. Tarabarina T.I. With. 62

8. Study and testing of the seam “over the edge”

Purpose: -to introduce the seam “over the edge”;

Tie a knot at the end of the thread.

Move. Tseytlin N.E., Demidova A.P. s21,23

9.Origami “Kite”

Goal: Goal: - to cultivate determination;

Develop your eye.

Move. Tarabarina T.I. With. 66

10. Introducing the “Stalked” seam

Purpose: -to introduce children to the “Stalked” seam;

Move. Tseytlin N.E., Demidova A.P. s23

11. “Snowman” made of cotton wool and natural material.

Goal: - consolidate skills in working with materials;

Develop initiative;

Develop creative abilities.

Move. Kutsakova L.V. s91

12. "New Year's Greeting Card"

Cultivate interest in work and accuracy;

Develop creative imagination.

Move. Kutsakova L.V. 40

13.Origami “Rabbit”

Goal: - to cultivate determination;

Learn to bend a sheet of square on a “corner” in three directions, bend the corners;

Develop an eye;

Development of fine motor skills.

Move. Tarabarina T.I. from 71

14. Introducing the buttonhole stitch

Purpose: to introduce children to the “loop” seam;

Strengthen the ability to thread a needle correctly.

Move. Tseytlin N.E., Demidova A.P. s23

15.Construction from natural material based on the fairy tale “Turnip”

Teach people to make crafts from natural materials (cones, acorns, chestnuts);

Learn to fasten parts using rods.

Move. Kutsakova L.V. s66

16.Origami “Chicken”

Cultivate accuracy and perseverance.

Move. Tarabarina T.I. s73

17. Getting to know the seam “by the needle”

Introduce children to seam “by the needle”;

Strengthen the ability to thread a needle correctly;

Tie a knot.

Move. Tseytlin N.E., Demidova A.P. s23

18. Composing a composition from natural material “Africa”

Goal: To teach children to convey the figures of people and exotic animals in motion, to reflect images.

Move. Kutsakova L.V. s66

19.Origami “Bird”

Purpose: - consolidation of the basic “kite” form;

Develop your eye.

Move. Tarabarina T.I. s75

20.Introduce the chain stitch

Purpose: -to introduce children to the chain stitch;

Strengthen the ability to thread a needle correctly;

Tie a knot.

Move. Tseytlin N.E., Demidova A.P. s23

21. Composition “Magic leaves”

Goal: - to teach children to create compositions from dried leaves in combination with dried flowers and berries.

Move. Kutsakova L.V. s68

22.Origami “Owl”

Purpose: - consolidation of the basic “kite” form;

Develop an eye;

Cultivate sense of purpose.

Move. Tarabarina T.I. s78

23.Embroidery “Intricate patterns” (1 lesson)

Move. Kutsakova L.V. s85

24. Souvenirs made of pebbles and shells.

Purpose: - to teach children to glue pebbles with PVA glue;

Give crafts expressiveness and decorativeness.

Move. Kutsakova L.V. s72

25. Origami “Fish”

Goal: - master the basic shape - double triangle;

Develop imagination;

Develop hand coordination;

Cultivate perseverance.

Move. Tarabarina T.I. from 90

26. Embroidery “Intricate patterns” (lesson 2)

Purpose: - embroidering a pattern on a napkin (with a stitch of your choice)

Move. Kutsakova L.V. s85

27. Composition “Patterns of pine needles”

Goal: - learn to make patterns on cardboard;

Glue the needles with casein glue;

Develop fantasy and imagination.

Move. Kutsakova L.V. s68

Municipal budgetary preschool educational institution "Kindergarten of a general developmental type with priority implementation of activities for the cognitive and speech development of children No. 9 "Yakutyanochka"

Manual labor club in the preparatory group “Chest of Ideas”

Educator: MBDOU No. 9 “Yakutyanochka” Klimovskaya Natalya Valerievna.

Explanatory note

Manual labor is a universal educational tool that can balance one-sided intellectual activity.

Physiologists have found that our fingers are organically connected to the brain, the speech center. Therefore, hand training stimulates the body’s self-regulation and increases the functional activity of other organs. The relationship between development and intelligence has long been known. Even the simplest manual works require constant attention and make a child think. Skillful use of the hands further enhances the development of the brain. Making crafts is not only about certain movements. This allows you to work on the development of practical intelligence: it teaches children to analyze a task and plan its progress.

One of the main tasks of teaching and raising children in applied arts classes is to enrich the student’s worldview, i.e. development of the child’s creative culture (development of a creative non-standard approach to the implementation of a task, nurturing hard work, interest in practical activities, the joy of creating and discovering something new).

A child learns the world through manipulation, that is, actions with various objects that allow him to recognize and study their properties, while learning his creative abilities and changing what he touches. One of the child’s assistants in this most important task for his development is working with paper.
Being the most accessible for children, applied creativity has the necessary emotionality, attractiveness, and effectiveness.

Purpose of the circle: development of manual skills in children through strengthening fine motor skills of the fingers and organizing joint visual creativity of children and adults.

Tasks:
— Introduce children to the basic concepts and basic forms of various techniques;
— Teach children various techniques for transforming paper, natural and waste materials.
— To develop the ability to take into account the properties of materials when making crafts from them.
— Enrich the child’s vocabulary with special terms;
— Create compositions with products made using various techniques of working with paper;
-Develop attention, memory, logical and spatial imagination;
— Develop fine motor skills of the hands and eye;
— Develop artistic taste, creativity and imagination of children;
— Form a work culture and improve work skills;
-Improve communication skills.
— To develop neatness, the ability to use materials carefully and economically, to keep the workplace in order.

The circle is attended by 11 children. Time for this activity is allocated outside of class: in the afternoon. The duration of productive activities with children varied depending on the situation and the desires of the children. A flexible form of organizing child labor in leisure activities made it possible to take into account the individual characteristics of children, desires, health status, level of mastery of skills, being at a certain stage of the implementation of the plan and other possible factors. Each child worked at his own level of difficulty and begins work from where he left off.

The classes were held in the form of a game; to play out a certain plot, poetic forms, fairy tales, moving and finger games, characters (toys and dolls from various theaters, images of a particular character who is played out) are used.

The implementation period for the circle is 9 months. The number of classes per month is three. There are 27 lessons in total. Also, the works were sent to an international Internet competition, where my students were awarded diplomas of participation. Thus, at the International Children’s Creative Drawing Competition “Space Travel” in the international educational portal “MAAM”, a participant’s diploma was given to Harbin Dayaan, Natasha Nikolaeva.

At the International Children's Creative Competition of Autumn Crafts "Autumn Fantasies" and New Year's Crafts in the International Educational Portal "MAAM" a diploma of participant - Borisov Gleb, Rozhin Kolya, Makarova Milena, Kalitina Naori, Ivanova Zhenya, Efremova Polina, Sleptsova Polina, Petukhova Dayaana,
Equipment: Paper of different formats, colors, quality, colored cardboard; Watercolor paints, glue, scissors, plasticine, buttons, cotton wool, felt-tip pens, pencils, brushes, natural and waste materials.