Other names: field dandelion, or common dandelion, or common dandelion (lat. Taraxacum officinale) - species of the genus Dandelion; family Asteraceae ( Asteraceae).

Dandelion officinalis description

Dandelion is one of the most common plants; it prefers forest-steppe zones. An absolutely unpretentious plant, resistant to trampling. Dandelion is a malicious weed and has a high competitive ability in relation to cultivated and weed plants. Dandelion infests meadows, orchards, vegetable gardens, pastures, fields, and perennial grasses. You can find dandelion in the European part of Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, the Caucasus, Siberia, Moldova, Transnistria, the Far East and Central Asia.

Dandelion officinalis has many popular names, the most common being kulbaba, baldhead, tooth root, canna, Russian chicory.

Dandelion officinalis is a perennial herbaceous plant. The root is short-thick, about 2 cm in diameter, and penetrates 50 cm into the soil. It is impossible to completely remove the root from the soil without the help of a shovel. The stem is presented in the form of hollow, slightly pubescent arrows that end in a large basket. The maximum height of the plant is 50 cm. Dandelion leaves are lanceolate, entire, toothed, 10-25 cm long, 2-5 cm wide, forming a basal rosette. Flower-bearing arrows emerge vertically from the very base of the plant; there may be several flower stalks on one plant. The arrows have no leaves. At the tops of the arrows there are bright yellow, reed flowers; they are collected in single inflorescences - baskets. Dandelion fruits are a spindle-shaped achene with a tuft, grayish-brown in color. After ripening, the seeds are separated from the head and are easily carried by the wind and fly until they fall on the soil. One plant can produce about 12 thousand seeds.

The seeds germinate immediately after hitting the surface, the minimum germination temperature is +4 ° C, the achenes can sprout from a depth not exceeding 5 cm. The fruits appear in May, the viability of the seeds lasts up to two years.

Dandelion is not sensitive to most herbicides. An effective way to combat these weeds is to trim the root system to a depth of 15 cm. The earlier this manipulation is carried out, the better the result. For example, when pruning the root in May, the death of the weed will be 94%, in July -44%, and already in August pruning will be useless.

Dandelion officinalis - beneficial properties

Dandelion has been used in medicine for a long time. Like the above-ground part of the plant, the root can be used for medicinal purposes. Leaves, grass, juice are harvested in June, roots - in early spring or late autumn, when the plant withers. You can dry the leaves either in the shade in the fresh air or in a dryer at a temperature of 40-50 °C. The roots are dried at a higher temperature - 60 ° C; they must be washed before drying. Dried preparations should be stored in paper bags or cardboard boxes. Leaves and flowers can be stored for about two years, roots - up to five years.

Dandelion is rich in useful substances: vitamins C, A, B2, PP, potassium salts, phosphorus, iron, manganese, and contains up to 5% protein.

The spectrum of action of dandelion medicines is very wide. Dandelion officinalis is used as a choleretic, antipyretic, bactericidal, anti-inflammatory, blood purifying agent, and improves stomach function. It has a general strengthening, sedative effect, and can be used as a sleeping pill for disorders of the nervous system. Dandelion decoctions and juice improve metabolic processes, restore strength, remove toxins, and increase insulin production.

Dandelion is a hematopoietic agent and activates the formation of leukocytes. For a long time, this plant has been used as a means to cleanse “bad blood”.

Dandelion juice obtained from fresh leaves will help with anemia. The juice can also be consumed for vitamin deficiency and fatigue. Popularly, dandelion juice is called the “elixir of life.” The plant contains bitterness, which stimulates the appetite and improves the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.

I use dandelion externally in the treatment of joint diseases in the form of compresses and lotions. An oil extract extracted from the roots is an excellent remedy for burns and radiation injuries to the skin.

For stomach ulcers, duodenal ulcers, and hyperacid gastritis, the use of dandelion-based medications is contraindicated. Allergic reactions are possible while taking dandelion preparations. Before starting treatment, you must consult a doctor.

Dandelion officinalis photo

Dandelion - Taraxacum officinale Dandelion - Taraxacum officinale Dandelion root system - Taraxacum officinale Dandelion seeds - Taraxacum officinale

Russian name

Dandelion officinalis roots

Latin name of the substance Dandelion officinalis roots

Radices Taraxaci officinalis ( genus. Radicum Taraxaci officinalis)

Pharmacological group of the substance Dandelion officinalis roots

Nosological classification (ICD-10)

Typical clinical and pharmacological article 1

Pharmaceutical action. A product of plant origin, it has a choleretic and socogonal effect (bitterness), increases appetite.

Indications. To stimulate appetite and as a choleretic drug.

Contraindications. Hypersensitivity.

Dosing. Orally, in the form of a decoction, warm, 50-70 ml (1/3 cup) 3-4 times a day 15 minutes before meals.

To prepare a decoction, 10 g (1 tablespoon) of raw materials are placed in an enamel bowl, poured with 200 ml (1 glass) of hot boiled water, covered with a lid and heated in a boiling water bath with frequent stirring for 30 minutes, cooled at room temperature for 10 minutes, filtered , the remaining raw materials are squeezed out. The volume of the resulting decoction is adjusted to 200 ml with boiled water.

Side effect. Allergic reactions.

State register of medicines. Official publication: in 2 volumes - M.: Medical Council, 2009. - Volume 2, part 1 - 568 pp.; Part 2 - 560 s.

Trade names

Name	The value of the Vyshkowski Index ®

Taraxacum officinale

Folk names

Pustoduy, kulbaba, guns, milkman, tooth root

Pharmacy name

Dandelion roots

Part used

Root or whole plant

Collection time

April May

Description.

A perennial herbaceous plant with a tap root up to 60 cm long. In the upper part of the root there is a short multi-headed rhizome. The leaves are oblong-lanceolate, notched, narrowed towards the base, collected in a basal rosette. Peduncles are hollow, succulent, leafless; at the top of the peduncle there is a single inflorescence-basket with a diameter of up to 2.5 cm. The flowers are ligulate, bright yellow. All parts of the plant contain a thick white milky sap. When harvesting, one should not allow admixture of roots of other types of dandelion: red-fruited, late, Bessarabian, etc. This rarely happens, since officinalis dandelion is unmistakably and easily identified.

Spreading

Dandelion is ubiquitous in Europe and Asia in all areas except the Arctic and highlands. Less common in North and South America, Australia and New Zealand. It grows as a weed in meadows, near roads, in forests, parks, and often forms continuous thickets.

Part used

Dandelion roots, leaves, grass, and juice are used for medicinal purposes. The plant contains vitamins C, A, B2, E, PP, choline, saponins, resins, bitter glycoside taraxacerin, manganese salts, iron, calcium, phosphorus, protein. A significant amount of inulin was found in the roots. In autumn, the roots contain up to 18% sugars. Taraxasgerol, bstasitosterol, stigmasterol, asparagine, rubber, fatty oil consisting of glycerides of oleic, lemon balm, palmitic, linoleic and ceratic acids, mucus, and tannins were found in dandelion roots.

Collection and preparation.

Dandelion roots are best harvested in early spring, in April-May. The plant is dug out of the ground, shaken off the ground, the root is split lengthwise and before drying it is dried until the milky juice stops flowing out. Then the roots, together with a leaf rosette, are hung to dry in a well-ventilated place. In good weather, the roots dry out in 10-15 days. Can be dried in dryers at a temperature of 40-50°C. Drying is considered complete when the roots become brittle. Shelf life - 3 years.

Growing.

Grows in any soil with the exception of muddy soil, in sun and partial shade. Propagated by seeds or dividing the bush.

Application.

Dandelion as a medicinal plant has been known since time immemorial and is now widely used in folk medicine in many countries. The plant has choleretic, antipyretic, laxative, expectorant, sedative, antispasmodic and mild hypnotic effects. An aqueous infusion of dandelion roots and leaves improves digestion, appetite, general metabolism, increases milk secretion in nursing women, and increases overall body tone. Dandelion is recommended for diabetes and for the treatment of anemia. Powder from dried dandelion roots is used to enhance the removal of harmful substances from the body through sweat and urine, as an anti-sclerotic agent for gout, rheumatism, constipation, flatulence, and also as an anthelmintic. Fresh leaves and juice from the leaves are recommended for the treatment of atherosclerosis, skin diseases, vitamin C deficiency, and anemia. Dandelion is also used internally and externally for furunculosis, eczema, and skin rashes. Oil tincture of dandelion roots is used as a remedy for the treatment of burns, and the milky juice of the plant is applied topically to remove warts and calluses. In early spring, dandelion leaves are used to make salads. In this case, the leaves are immersed in a salt solution for 30-40 minutes to reduce bitterness. In some countries, the leaves are stored for future use, fermented like cabbage, and spring leaves are pickled. Jam is made from dandelion flowers, and coffee surrogate is made from roasted roots.

Recipes

• for constipation Prepare dandelion root powder. Take it 1/2 teaspoon with water 3 times a day 20-30 minutes before meals.
• for diathesis, eczema brew dandelion grass at the rate of 50 g of dry raw material per 1 liter of boiling water. Let it stand in a warm place for 2-3 hours, strain, add to a bath of water. Bathe your baby in this infusion 2-3 times a week. Within 2-3 months.
• preparing the decoction: 3-4 teaspoons of crushed roots are poured into 2 cups of boiling water and boiled for 15 minutes, cooled and filtered. Take 1/3 cup 3-4 times a day.
• preparing the infusion: Pour 1-2 teaspoons of chopped raw materials (roots or roots and grass) into 1/4 liter of cold water, bring to a boil, boil for 1 minute. After 10 minutes, strain.
• preparing the tincture: Dandelion inflorescences are crushed, filled with 40% alcohol in a ratio of 1:1 by volume, left for 12 days, shaking occasionally. Then the tincture is filtered and the remainder is squeezed out.

Contraindications

Juice, infusion and decoction of dandelion in therapeutic doses do not produce any side effects. Fresh stems may cause symptoms of poisoning.

Golden meadow, roadside, yard - bright yellow spring joy of dandelions. In the garden beds, this joy is mercilessly pulled out like a weed. The Greeks, Arabs, Chinese, in the Russian tradition, knew and used dandelions actively as a “life elixir”.

Dandelion is a representative of a small number that bloom immediately after the snow melts, and delights with its golden caps.

In different territories among the people yellow dandelion The names are very original: empty, puff, milkman, popova baldness, tooth root, March bush, light and others. Everyone has done spring at least once photo of dandelion– a fascinating sight and certainly a joy for the eyes after a white winter.

Description and features of dandelion

Dandelion Belongs to representatives of the Asteraceae family and is a herbaceous perennial. The scientific name of its species is dandelion officinalis, pharmacy or ordinary. In Russia, almost two hundred species of dandelions are known in nature, about a hundred of them are considered medicinal.

The sound in Russian of “dandelion” is the same root word from the verb “to blow”: due to the slight movement of air, parachute seeds are torn from the basket and moved to a new place.

Each dandelion seed– the fruit is a dry achene attached to a thin rod with a parachute. Once in the ground, they immediately begin to germinate.

The dandelion root has a tap-like appearance with branches; it is relatively thick, reaching up to 50 cm deep into the soil. There are rings of milky passages on it; they can be seen under a magnifying glass.

Dandelion leaves come out of the rosette. Each pinnately dissected leaf blade has a groove in the middle to collect moisture. If the dandelion lives in a comfortable place, the leaves grow up to 40-50 cm; on dry soil - no more than 20 cm.

An arrow shoots out of the rosette - it is a tubular hollow stem with an inflorescence at the end. Dandelion flower is not one, but a whole basket of bright tubular flowers with fused petals and stamens.

Dandelion is a unique natural barometer and clock. In the afternoon, at 3 p.m., or in humid weather, before rain, the “barometer” baskets are hidden, protecting the pollen from moisture. At 6 am and clear weather they open their yellow heads again.

Medicinal properties of dandelion beyond doubt. He contraindicated only in case of acute blockage in the biliary tract, with increased levels of hydrochloric acid and with chronic problems in the gastrointestinal tract. Signs that you need to pay attention to and stop taking it: vomiting and diarrhea.

Planting and propagating dandelion

A dandelion has every chance of growing in any place where its seed fell: along paths, in pastures, fields, near ponds, in gardens and orchards. Dandelion blooms actively from May to June.

When the air warms up to +2°C, the seeds are already capable of germination. During the season, each dandelion bush produces more than 10 thousand seeds, from which new ones will grow, having safely overwintered in the ground.

In addition to the seed method of propagation, dandelion also has new shoots that grow from buds from the root collar. Dandelion produces shoots at the end of April and this process continues throughout the summer season. So nothing special planting dandelions not required.

Dandelion is incredibly resilient and has innate adaptation mechanisms. It cannot be trampled down, drowned out, or crowded out by any other plants.

Dandelion rhizomes contain many beneficial substances. The roots are removed from the ground for harvesting raw materials in spring or autumn by hand. In summer, its roots are not collected, since they have little healing powers. They are returned to the place that has already been used no earlier than after 2 years.

The soil is cleared from the roots, the above-ground parts and the thinnest branches are removed, and washed in cool water. Next, they are dried for several days on an open veranda so that the milky juice stops flowing.

Pictured are dandelion roots

During the period of active growth, dandelion juice is also prepared, the dandelion is cut and soaked in cold salt water for 30 minutes. This procedure reduces the bitterness in the extracted juice. The juice is squeezed out of the leaves. It is also preserved in alcohol for future use (1:1).

Uses and medicinal properties of dandelion

Let's take a closer look at the basic properties of dandelion, which help solve a huge number of health problems.Eating dandelion is very beneficial.

Any livestock, animals and birds are happy to eat the freshest and wilted dandelion leaves and flowers. New leaves are placed in healthy vitamin salads.

Dandelion leaves are edible

If we talk about the “culinary abilities” of dandelion, then in addition to salads, refreshing drinks and jams that taste like honey are made from it, the buds are even pickled, and then put in first courses and salads.

Only young plants are suitable for food. In the inflorescences and leaf blades, scientists found: carotenoids, vitamin C, vitamins B and P, mineral salts, ferrous elements, calcium, phosphorus, manganese, copper, boron and some other elements.

Dandelion honey is always golden in color, very thick, viscous, crystallizes quickly, has a strong aroma and sharp taste. It contains 35% glucose and 41% fructose. Bees bring nectar from dandelions rarely and in small quantities.

Pictured is dandelion honey

IN dandelion roots up to 24% insulin and fatty oil are present, so when fried they can easily replace coffee substitute, like chicory, elecampane and earthen pear. The home medicine cabinet has long had dandelion as an appetite stimulant.

Use of dandelion for medicinal purposes

Dandelion Recipes

Buy ready-made dandelion raw materials For prescriptions you can go to the pharmacy. Dandelion salad difficult to do. Cut fresh dandelion leaves into thin strips, add salt, season with sour cream or olive oil. You can complicate the recipe with onions, grated carrots and lemon juice.

Normalization of appetite. Powder from dandelion roots in a volume of two teaspoons is poured into one glass of boiled cold water, the mixture is kept for eight hours. It is enough to drink a third of a glass three times a day before meals.

Dandelion for insect bites. Fresh dandelion leaf crush, grind and place the fresh mushy mass on the bite for 2-3 hours under a sterile bandage.

Wart removal and facial care. Young warts are reduced by rubbing with fresh dandelion juice. Wipe the face with the resulting decoction. It is prepared from 2 tablespoons of dandelion leaves and 2 glasses of water, the mixture is boiled for a quarter of an hour, filtered and cooled.

Dandelion for constipation may also be useful. A powder is prepared from dried dandelion roots and ground in a mortar. Use the powder up to three times a day, half a teaspoon.

Improved metabolism. A tincture that improves metabolic processes is made from dry dandelion roots. 1 spoon of crushed roots is poured into a glass of boiling water. The container is wrapped and waited for two hours.

Pass through a strainer. Drink a third of a glass four times a day, half an hour before meals. When choosing dandelion as a supplement to treatment, consulting a doctor is necessary!

Dandelion(Taraxacum) is a perennial plant of the Asteraceae family, containing milky sap. It is noticeable from a distance with its yellow flowers. In spring, these bright yellow flowers can be found everywhere - along roads and along river banks, in vacant lots and in vegetable gardens.

Description

The dandelion fruit is an achene, with a tuft and a spout, consisting of many white hairs. About 200 species of dandelion grow in Russia. But the most famous is the medicinal dandelion, which grows along the edges of forests, river banks, meadows and gardens. It is considered a weed, and there is an irreconcilable fight against it. The leaves of this plant contain choline, carotene, nicotinic acid, vitamin C, B2, potassium, calcium, iron, manganese and phosphorus. Young leaves are eaten. Salads are prepared from them. To do this, they are pre-soaked in salt water to destroy the bitterness. Roasted roots can serve as a coffee substitute and are also used to improve appetite. This herb is used for atherosclerosis, various edema, liver diseases, gallstones and kidney stones, gastritis with low acidity, and joint diseases.

Dandelion juice

The most valuable tonic and strengthening agent is dandelion juice. It is used to normalize and neutralize the hyperacidity of the alkaline composition of the body. If you mix it with carrot juice and turnip juice, it helps with spinal diseases and other bone diseases. Strengthens teeth, treats periodontal disease. You can drink dandelion juice daily, ¼-1 glass in rice or oatmeal broth, with 1 tbsp. l. honey

Dandelion roots

Dandelion roots are valuable medicinal raw materials. They need to be harvested in early spring, at the flowering stage of the plant, or in the fall in October. They usually dig it up with a shovel. The roots need to be shaken off the ground and the above-ground parts cut off with a knife. Rinse the thin lateral roots in cold water. Grind large ones. Then spread it on cloth and dry it in air for several days until the milky juice stops secreting. Then spread it out in a layer of 3-5 cm. and dry in a dry place, stirring constantly. You can use ovens or dryers to dry the roots. The shelf life of raw materials is 5 years. It tastes bittersweet.

Application

Dandelion contains bitterness. Therefore, it is used to improve digestion and stimulate appetite.

This herb is used to treat various diseases. For its medicinal qualities it is called Russian ginseng. All parts of the plant - leaves, roots and flowers - are used. For medicinal purposes, the raw materials are harvested in May, the juice in June, and the roots in the fall. The plant has beneficial properties. It is used as an antituberculosis, antiviral, anthelmintic, anticarcinogenic, antidiabetic agent. Dandelion is known as a good antipyretic, choleretic, and laxative. This plant perfectly removes poisons and toxins from the body and helps regulate metabolism. It helps cleanse the body of excess drugs. Dandelion contains bitterness, which regulates appetite, metabolism and improves digestion. Dandelion bitterness helps fight obesity because it helps break down fats in the body.

The plant is used to treat complex diseases such as gout and rheumatism. It significantly improves the patient's condition. The sunny flower is used as a stimulant for loss of strength, overwork and chronic fatigue, and nervous overexcitation.

Use in folk medicine

Dandelion is included in many preparations and various preparations. You can make coffee, infusions, tea, jam, and wine from it.

For hemorrhoids

Pour 2 tsp into a glass of cold water. dandelion root, leave for 8 hours, drink a quarter glass 4 times a day.

For hepatitis

1 tsp. dandelion grass root pour 1 tbsp. cold water. Place on low heat and cook for an hour. Take 1 tbsp half an hour before meals. l. 3 times a day.

Treatment of atherosclerosis

Grind dandelion roots and drink 5 g of powder before each meal. Improvement will occur within 6 months.

For radiculitis

Finely chop dandelion flowers and fill a dark glass jar with them. Pour two bottles of triple cologne (or alcohol, vodka). Leave for 14 days. Rub the sore spots with the resulting paste. Carry out the procedures at night. Wrap the sore spot with a scarf. Relief occurs after 2-3 procedures.

Arthritis treatment

Pour 6 g of dry dandelion roots into 1 cup of water, boil for 10 minutes, then leave for 30 minutes. Drink 1 tbsp. l. 3 times a day for 30 minutes. before meals.

Treatment of a tumor in the breast

Grind fresh dandelion roots and apply to the sore breast. Promotes the resorption of tumors, hardening under the arms and in the groin.

Treatment of gastritis with low acidity

Wash the leaves of the plant for 20-30 minutes, soak in salted water, rinse, then scald with boiling water, mince and squeeze out the juice. Dilute with water 1:1 and boil for 2-3 minutes. Take 2 times a day, 1/4 cup for 20 minutes. before meals.

Contraindications

It is not recommended to take dandelion in acute conditions associated with blockage of the bile ducts. Those who have increased secretion of hydrochloric acid, gastritis and ulcers need to be careful. The dosage must be observed. Otherwise, you can cause diarrhea and vomiting. At the same time, dandelion is a proven remedy; it is used both as a medicinal and food remedy.

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