Ablution. Namaz. Performing prayer. How to do namaz?

Many people and even those who were born Muslim do not know how start praying (perform namaz). Some can't start praying- something is bothering them. Some are afraid start praying because they think that over time they will abandon this matter. Only the Almighty knows the future, and these doubts are the tricks of the shaitan.
Leaving prayer- a grave sin that can lead a person into unbelief - the unfaithful will burn forever in hell.
Namaz is second in importance pillar of Islam, after Shagyadata(certificate- "There is no god but Allah and Muhammad is his prophet").
Namaz is the duty of a Muslim.

And so let's get started... Where to start performing prayer?

First of all, this is ablution before prayer. (Small ablution). We do everything in order.

In Arabic we read from right to left.

Intention for ablution: Bismillagyi RahImani RahIim. I intend to perform the obligatory ablution for the sake of Allah Almighty, Allahu Akbar.

1. Then wash my hands, we read the prayer: اَلْحَمْدُ لِلهِ الَّذي جَعَلَ الْماءَ طَهُورًا
"Al-khIamdu lillagyi-llazi jagIalal-maa tagyuraa" - Praise be to Allah, who made water purifying.

2. Face wash, we read the following: اَللّهُمَّ بَيِّضْ وَجْهي بِنُورِكَ يَوْمَ تَبْيَضُّ وُجُوهُ أَوْلِيائِكَ وَلا تُسَوِّدْ وَجْهي بِظُلُماتِكَ يَوْمَ تَسْوَدُّ وُجُوهُ أَعْدائِكَ
"Allagyumma bayyiz vajgyi binurika yavma tabyazzu vujugyu avliyika wa la tusavvid vajgyi bizulumatika yavma tasvaddu vujugyu gidaika" - O Allah! Illuminate my face with Your nour on the day when the faces of Your favorites are illuminated, and do not darken my face with Your darkness on the day when the faces of Your enemies are blackened.

3. We wash our right hand, to the forearm (from the tip of the fingers to just above the elbow). We read the following: اَللّهُمَّ أَعْطِني كِتابي بِيَميني وَحاسِبْني حِسابًا يَسيرًا
"Allagyumma agItIini kitabi biyamini wa hasibni hisaban yasira." - O Allah, offer me my records of earthly deeds on the Day of Judgment on the right side and reprimand me with an easy account.

4. We wash our left hand, up to the forearm (from the tip of the fingers to just above the elbow). We read the following: اَللّهُمَّ لا تُعْطِني كِتابي بِشِمالي وَلا مِنْ وَراءِ ظَهْري
"Allagyumma la tugItIini kitabi bishimali wa la min varai zagri." - O Allah, do not offer me my notes from the left and behind.

5. We wipe our heads (with the moistened palms of both hands, we draw from the forehead to the back of the head (like in shampoo commercials) three times, each time with new water). We read:
اَللّهُمَّ حَرِّمْ شَعْري وَبَشَري عَلَى النّارِ
"Allagyumma hIarram shahIri va bashari gIala-nnar." - O Allah, make my hair and skin prohibited from the fire of Hell.

6. Washing the right leg (I wash my feet with my left hand, although it’s a little inconvenient, but definitely with my left hand). At the same time we read: اَللّهُمَّ ثَبِّتْ قَدَمَيَّ عَلَى الصِّراطِ يَوْمَ تَزِلُّ فيهِ الْأَقْدامُ
"Allagyumma sabbat kadamaya gIala-siratIi yavma tazilu figyil-aqdam." - O Allah, strengthen my feet on the Sirat Bridge on the day when they slide.

7. Washing the left leg (I also wash with my left hand). We read the same as when washing the right foot.

If you don’t know prayers, then you can read surahs or verses from the Koran. For example suras 112-114. One sura for each arm or leg and of course the face. When wetting the head one can say Allahu Akbar (Allah is great) or Bismillagyi rahImani rahIim(in the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

After ablution, it is advisable to read duqIa (raising the palms to the level of the face, turning the palms to the sky - I read all the arcs in this way). We read: prayer:

أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لآ إِلهَ إِلاَّ اللهُ وَحْدَهُ لا شَريكَ لَهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ اَللّهُمَّ اجْعَلْني مِنَ التَّوّابينَ وَاجْعَلْني مِنَ الْمُتَطَهِّرينَ وَاجْعَلْني مِنْ عِبادِكَ الصّالِحينَ سُبْحانَكَ اللّهُمَّ وَبِحَمْدِكَ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لآ إِلهَ إِلاّ أَنْتَ أَسْتَغْفِرُكَ وَأَتُوبُ إِلَيْكَ وَصَلَّى اللهُ عَلى سَيِّدِنا مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلى آلِه وَصَحْبِه وَسَلَّمْ

"Ashgadu alla illagya illallag wahIdagyu la sharka lie down, va ashgadu anna Muhammadan gIabdugyu wa rasulugyu. s-salihIina, subhIanakallashgyumma va bihIamdika, ashgadu alla ilyagya illa antha, astagifiruka va atubu Ilayka, wa sallallagu gIala sayyidina Muhammadiv-va gIala aligyi wa sahbigyi wa sallam." - I I testify with my tongue, I acknowledge and believe with my heart that there is nothing worthy of worship except Allah, the One, Who has no partner, and I once again testify, acknowledge and believe with my heart that, truly, Muhammad is His servant and Messenger. O Allah, make me of those who repent of their sins, and make me of those who maintain purity, and make me of Your pious servants who serve You well. You are pure from all shortcomings, praise be to You. I testify that there is nothing worthy of worship except You. I ask You for forgiveness and repent before You. And the blessings of Allah be upon our master Muhammad, his family and companions, peace and prosperity to them.

Namaz: Performing namaz. How to do namaz?

After perform ablution, the Muslim can begin prayer. Exists five obligatory prayers which a Muslim is obliged to perform every day.
Five obligatory prayers these are: 1. Morning, 2. Midday (dining) 3. Afternoon (afternoon), 4. Evening, 5. Night.
Morning prayer consists of 2 rak'ahs; Evening prayer consists of 3 rak'ahs; Midday, Afternoon and Night consist of 4 rak'ahs. We will describe what rakats are below.

And so, let's start performing prayer.

Standing on the prayer mat (we will consider the mat as a place for prayer). Lay out the rug so that when you stand up you look at it towards the Kaaba(Qibla). Any prayer is performed facing the Kaaba.

Making an intention(for example, for an evening prayer of 3 rakats): Bismillagyi RahImani RahIim. I intend to perform the obligatory evening prayer of three rak'ahs, for the sake of Allah, Allahu akbar ( at the moment when we say Allahu Akbar, we raise our hands with open palms, lightly touching our earlobes with our thumbs). Then we lower our palms to the area under the heart, first place the left palm and the right one on top of it. And now you are already in prayer.

We make the first rak'ah.

1. In this position we read Sura Al-FatihIa:

1 بِسْمِ اللّهِ الرَّحْمـَنِ الرَّحِيم
"Bismillagy rahImani rahIim"- in the name of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful.

2 الْحَمْدُ للّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِين
"AlhIamdulillahyi rabbil gyalamin" - Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds.

3 الرَّحْمـنِ الرَّحِيم
"Ar-RahImani-r-RahIim" - The Gracious, the Merciful.

4 مَـالِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّين
"Maliki Yaumiddin" - Lord of the Day of Retribution.

5 إِيَّاك نَعْبُدُ وإِيَّاكَ نَسْتَعِين
"Iyyaka nagIbud wa iyaka nastagIin" - Only to You is our worship, only to You is our prayer for salvation.

6 اهدِنَــــا الصِّرَاطَ المُستَقِيمَ
"Igydina siratial mustakim" - Lead us to the straight path.

7 صِرَاطَ الَّذِينَ أَنعَمتَ عَلَيهِمْ غَيرِ المَغضُوبِ عَلَيهِمْ وَلاَ الضَّالِّين
"SiratIal lyaziina angIamta gIalaigyim, gairil magzubi alyaigyim va lyazooalin"- The path of those to whom You have bestowed Your mercy, not those on whom Your wrath has fallen, and not those who have fallen into error.

Amen! (Amen Rabb-al gIalamin).

2. After Surahs Al-FatihIa, Pronounce Alahu Akbar and bend forward and place our palms on our knees (become the letter "G" -bow from the waist). We pronounce:
سبحان ربي العظيم
"SubhIana Rabbi-l-Giazim" - My Great Lord is impeccable! 3 times.

3. We straighten up, saying:
سمع الله لمن حمده
"SamigIa-Llagyu li-man xIamida" - May Allah hear the one who praises Him!

4. After this, saying Allahu Akbar let's go to prostration (judging). First, place your palms on the mat (if your health allows it, if it doesn’t work out, then you can fall to your knees and only then put your palms down), then we touch the rest of the mat, these are: knees, face. In general, seven parts of the body should touch the mat: your face (forehead, nose), palms, knees and the balls of your toes. The palms should be directed in the same direction as the person praying (to the sideKaaba- Necessarily), put them at shoulder level.
In this situation we read:
سبحان ربي الأعلى
"Subhana Rabbi-l-Gial" - Impeccable is my Supreme Lord! 3 times.

5. Before lifting your forehead from the mat, you should say Allahu Akbar and only then sit down. We sit down so that our buttocks rest on our heels. We place our palms on our knees. This moment is called "sitting between judgments" We freeze in this position for 2-3 seconds.

6. Having said Allahu Akbar, place your palms on the mat again and touch your face (forehead and nose) to the mat. Those. we do the same as in the fourth point. After reading
"Subhana Rabbi-l-Gial"- 3 times, we say Allahu Akbar and get up. And we find ourselves in the same situation as in point 1. One rakah completed!!!

Second rak'ah- everything is done the same as in the first one. But now after point 6 we don’t get up, but remain in the position "sitting". We also leave the palm of our left hand on our knees, and clench our right palm into a fist, leaving the index finger straight (preferably semi-straight). In this position we read: AttahIiyatu.

اَلتَّحِيّاتُ الْمُبارَكاتُ الصَّلَواتُ الطَّيِّباتُ لِلهِ، اَلسَّلامُ عَلَيْكَ أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ وَرَحْمَةُ اللهِ وَبَرَكاتُهُ، اَلسَّلامُ عَلَيْنا وَعَلى عِبادِ اللهِ الصّالِحينَ، أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لآ إِلهَ إِلاَّ اللهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ الله،ِ اَللّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلى مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ كَما صَلَّيْتَ عَلى إِبْراهيمَ وَعَلى آلِ إِبْراهيمَ، وَبارِكْ عَلى مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ كَما بارَكْتَ عَلى إِبْراهيمَ وَعَلى آلِ إِبْراهيمَ، فِي الْعالَمينَ، إِنَّكَ حَميدٌ مَجيد

"At-TahIyyyatu-mubarakatu-salyavatu-ttIayyibatu lillag. As-Salamu gIalayka ayyugya-nnabiyyu wa rahImatullagyi va barakatug. As-Salamu gIalaina wa gIala giibadillagyi-ssalihiin. Ashgadu all I ilyagya illallag wa ashgyadu anna Muhammad-rrasulullah. Allahyumma sally gIala MukhIammad, wa giala Ali MukhIammad, kama sallayta giala Ibrahim wa giala ali Ibrahim. wa barik giala Muhammad, wa giala ali MukhIammad, kama barakta giala Ibrahim wa giala ali Ibrahim, fil-alamina, innaka hiamidu-mmajid" . - All greetings, blessings, prayers and good deeds belong to Allah. Prophet, peace be upon you, the mercy of Allah and His blessing. Peace be upon us and the God-fearing, pious servants of Allah. I testify with my tongue, acknowledge and believe in my heart that there is nothing worthy of worship except Allah, and I once again testify, acknowledge and believe in my heart that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.
O Allah! Grant more honor and greatness to Prophet Muhammad and his family, just as You gave honor and greatness to Prophet Ibrahim and his family. O Allah! Give more blessings to Prophet Muhammad and his family, just as you gave blessings to Prophet Ibrahim and his family - in all the worlds. Verily, You are the Praised One and We praise You.

In this case, the salavat is given: "As-Salat al-Ibrahimiyya"(because we can’t find the salavat we need yet)

When you read Shagyadat(testimony) in the first part ( Ashgyadu allya ilyagya illallag) tear off the index finger from the knee by 3-4 centimeters, in the second ( va ashgyadu anna Muhammad-rrasulullah) lower to a level of 1-2 cm. Do not lower your finger or pull (this is important!). We say Akbar to Allah and stand up, as in point 1 - two rak'ahs are done.

Let's do one more rak'ah and read again AttahIiyatu to finish the prayer because this is the last third rak'ah, turn your head to the right and say: "As-salamu gIalaikum va RahImatul-lag", then turn left and say the same thing.

So you have performed the evening three rak'ah prayer.

This prayer performed according to Shafi'i mazgyab.

I would like to draw your attention to the fact that this is the easiest way to perform prayer for beginners. Over time, when you become more knowledgeable, you can add short surahs and verses from the Koran to your prayer, read dugIa, etc.
Namaz is performed only in Arabic.

If you notice any mistakes, please correct me, I am not an alim and I could be wrong. If there is a text of Attukhiyatu in Arabic and a transcription, please show me.

Prayer (Namaz)

While standing, express your sincere intention (niyat) to perform namaz: “For the sake of Allah, I intend to perform fard* of this morning prayer.”

• *Fard is obligatory in Islam. Failure to perform fard is considered a sin.

In this case, we give a simplified example of performing morning prayer, in which there are 2 rakats (cycles of body movements).

Remember that each prayer includes a certain number of cancers of sunnah (desirable) and fard (obligatory).

1. Morning - 2 fards.
2. Daily - 4 fards.
3. Afternoon - 4 fards.
4. Evening - 3 fards.
5. Night - 4 fards.

Raise both hands, fingers apart, with palms facing the Qibla, to ear level, touching your thumbs to your earlobes and say takbir iftitah (initial takbir) “Allahu akbar.”

Takbir. The gaze is turned to the place of soot (the place that the head touches when bowing to the ground). The palms are turned towards the Qibla, the thumbs touch the earlobes. Feet are parallel to each other. There is a distance of four fingers between them.

Then place your right hand with the palm of your left hand, clasping the wrist of your left hand with the little finger and thumb of your right hand, and lower your folded hands in this way just below your navel and read Surah Fatihah:

“Auzu billahi minashshaytaani r-rajim

Bismillahi r-rahmaani r-rahim

Alhamdu lillahi rabbil ‘alamin

Iyyakya na'budu wa iyakya nasta'iin

Ikhdina s-syraatal mystakyim

Syraatallyazina an'amta aleikhim

Gairil magdubi aleikhim valad-doolliin.

Aamin. “(Pronounced to himself)

Qiyam. The gaze is turned to the place of soot. Hands folded on the stomach, just below the navel. The thumb and little finger of the right hand wrap around the wrists of the left hand. Feet are parallel to each other. There is a distance of four fingers between them.

Having lowered your hands, say: “Allahu Akbar” and perform ruku’ (waist bow).

Ruku'. The gaze is directed to the tips of the toes. The head and back are at the same level, parallel to the surface of the place of prayer. Legs straightened. The fingers are spread apart and clasp the knees.

After ruku’ straighten your body to a vertical position.

After straightening, with the words “Allahu Akbar”, perform soot. When performing soot, you must first kneel down, then lean on both hands and, only after that, touch the soot with your forehead and nose.

Soot. The head is between the hands. The forehead and nose touch the floor. Fingers and toes should point in the direction of the Qibla. The elbows do not touch the carpet and are moved away from the body. The belly does not touch the hips. The heels are closed.

After this, with the words “Allahu Akbar,” rise from the soot to a sitting position.

After pausing in this position long enough to say “Subhanallah”, with the words “Allahu Akbar”, lower yourself into soot again.

Then, with the words “Allahu Akbar,” stand up to perform the second rak’ah. The hands close in the same place.

II rak'at (salat for a beginner)

First, as in the first rak’at, read Surah “Fatiha”, an additional surah, for example “Ikhlas” (although for beginners you can limit yourself to only reading Surah “Fatiha” - see above), perform ruku’ (upper bow) and soot.

After the second sajdah of the second rak’at, sit on your feet and read the prayer (du’a) “Attahiyyat”:

“Attahiyaty lillaahi vassalavaty vatayibyatu

Assalaam aleyke ayukhannabiyu wa rahmatyllahi wa baraka'atykh

Assalaam aleyna wa 'ala 'ibadillahi s-salihiin

Ashhad alla illaha illallah

Wa ashkhady anna Muhammadan ‘abduhu wa rasylyukh’

Attention! When pronouncing the words “la illaha,” the index finger of the right hand rises, and when saying “illa illaha,” it goes down.

Qa'da (sitting). The gaze is directed to the knees. Hands are on your knees, fingers in a free position. The landing is shifted to the shin of the left leg. The right leg is slightly moved to the side, the toes are bent towards the Qibla.

Say the greeting: “Assalamu ‘alaikum wa rahmatullah,” turning your head first towards the right shoulder and then towards the left.

Salam (greeting) to the right side. Hands on knees, fingers in a free position. The foot of the right foot is placed on the carpet at a right angle, the toes are directed towards the Qibla. The head is turned to the right, looking at the shoulder.

Salam to the left. Hands are on your knees, fingers in a free position. The foot of the right foot is placed on the carpet at a right angle, the toes are directed towards the Qibla. The head is turned to the left, looking at the shoulder.

This concludes your prayer.

In conclusion, you can turn to the Almighty Creator with your du’as.

Du'a. Hands are joined and raised, fingertips are at shoulder level. The palms are open upward and placed at an angle (approximately 45°) to the face. The thumbs are pointed to the side.

Prayers for performing namaz

Namaz is the daily sacrament of a Muslim turning to Allah through reading prayer texts five times. Prayers for namaz are divided into 5 temporary stages, each of which is mandatory.

In order to perform namaz, a devout Muslim must be spiritually prepared for the sacrament:

• perform the ritual of ablution - “takharet”;
• be sober (drugs and alcohol are prohibited the day before);
• choose a clean, quiet and well-lit place for prayer;
• Muslim clothes are selected to be clean, washed, and not lower than the ankles;
• Before resorting to sacred prayers, you must turn your face towards the Qibla (Kaaba) and read “niyat” - words indicating the intention to pray.

Prayers for namaz: types and their features

Before describing the sacrament in detail, let us consider several concepts known to every Muslim. The above-mentioned Kaaba (Qibla, Qibla) is the house of Allah. Rakaat (rakagat) is the order of words and physical actions in Muslim prayer.

Rakaats include:

• reading Sura - chapter of the Koran;
• reading Ayats (structural unit (verse) of the Koran);
• hand - bows from the waist, palms should reach the knees;
• sujud - deep (earthly) bows; kiyam—kneeling; taslim - greetings to those standing nearby.

According to legend, the prophet Moses dictated to Muhammad during a night journey the importance of five daily prayers (salats). Let's look at them in more detail:

• Salat assubh is a “morning prayer” performed between dawn and sunrise, which includes two rakats - fajr.
• Salat azzuhr is a ritual performed from the moment the sun is at its zenith - “midday prayer” containing four rakqats - zuhr.
• Salat Asr is an “afternoon (pre-evening) prayer” carried out immediately after Zuhr, also four-rakats.
• Salat Maghrib is a sunset (evening) prayer with three rakqat, performed in the interval after sunset until dark.
• Salat Isha is a four-rak night prayer, performed at the end of all previous salats.

Rules for performing namaz

Muslims must perform all prayers in Arabic, as prescribed in the Koran. Therefore, every true Muslim studies the Koran throughout his childhood, and not just studies, but crams the holy scripture to perfection.

Each word or phrase corresponds to a specific action (bow, handshake, kneeling, etc.). Moreover, an incorrectly applied unnecessary action or the deliberate use of incorrect speech patterns or sound distortion makes the prayer invalid.

Muslim religions severely restrict women's rights in everyday life. These restrictions also apply to the reading of prayer. So, for example, it is undesirable for a woman to go to a mosque. She must pray at home, and during the ceremony she must be covered with an opaque blanket. It is forbidden for Muslim women to raise their arms high and spread their legs wide, and she must even pull in her stomach while bowing.

Daily Muslim prayers are designed to strengthen faith and perfect worship of Allah. Brought up in the strictest religious traditions, Muslims are very sensitive and strict about their beliefs and their faith; the Christian faith in this regard is inferior to Eastern religions.

For failure to perform prayer for unjustified reasons, the soul of every Muslim suffers a serious sin, which Allah immediately punishes. And a person has to pray to Allah in more serious ways than praying five times a day.

Read about other prayers for the sacraments:

Prayer for Namaz: comments

One comment

I read the article, I didn’t understand one thing, you wrote that before reading the prayer, namely the day before, you cannot drink alcohol or drugs, in principle they cannot be used by believers doing namaz, regarding the criteria that need to be done before prayer, I can add that not only You need to be in clean clothes, and you also need to wash your face, hands and feet before prayer, thereby ridding yourself of all negativity through water. For those who find it difficult to perform namaz 5 times a day at a certain time (you are at work or have some other everyday problems), you can combine 2 namaz at one time.

Prayer for children to read namaz

6 duas to protect your children

In order to protect and protect your children, you should read the following dua:

“Allahu laya ilyayahe illya huwal-hayyul-kayuum, laya ta - huzuhu sinatuv-walya navm, lyahumaafis-samaavaati vamaafil-ard, men hall-lyaziya yashfya'u 'indahu illya bi of them, ya'lamu maa beine aidihim wa maa halfahum wa laya yuhiituune bi sheyim-min 'ilmihi illya bi maa shaa'a, wasi'a kursiyuhu ssamaavati val-ard, wa laya yauduhu hifzukhumaa wa huwal-'aliyul-'azim" (2:225).

Kul huwa Allahu Ahad. Allahu ssomad. Lam yalid wa lam yulyad. Wa lam yakul-lyahu kufuvan ahad.

Kul a'uzu bi rabbil-falyak. Min sharri maa halyak. Wa min sharri gasikyn izee wakab. Wa min sharri nnaffaasaati fil-‘ukad. Wa min sharri haasidin isee hasad.

Kul a'uzu bi rabbi n-naas. Maalikin-naas. Ilyahi n-naas. Min Sharil-vaswaasil-hannaas. Allazi yuvasvisu fi suduurin-naas. Minal-jinnati van-us.

1. Ibn Abbas reported that the Prophet (peace be upon him) often asked for protection for Hassan and Hussein, and said: “Your father (Ibrahim) read for the protection of Ismail and Ishaq:

أُعِيذُكَ بِكَلِماتِ اللهِ التَّامَّةْ مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْطانٍ وهَامَّةْ وكُلِّ عَيْنٍ لامَّةْ

“A’uzu bi-kalimati-Llyahi-t-tamma, min kulli shaitanin va hamma, wa min kulli ‘ainin lyamma.”

“I take refuge in the perfect words of Allah from every devil and evildoer and from every evil eye.”

1. حَصَّنْتُكَ بالحَيِّ القَيُّومِ الّذي لايَموتُ أبَدَاً ودَفَعْتُ عَنْكَ السُّوءَ بِأَلْفِ أَلْفِ اَلْفِ لا حَوْلَ و لا قُوَّةَ إِلا باللهِ العَليِّ العَظِيمِ

Hassantuqa bilkhayil kayum, allazi la yamutu abadan wa dafatu ankassua bi alfi alfi alfi la hawla wa la quwvata illya billahi aliyil azym.

I entrust you with the Ever-Living Self-Sufficient One, who never dies, and I protect you from evil with the words “There is no strength or might except in Allah the Most High.”

Note: the pronoun is used in singular. number of masculine gender. For a girl, the ending “ka” should be replaced with “ki”; if you are reading dua for several children, then add “kum”.

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How to read namaz for women: prayer for beginners

Where should a woman start performing prayer? Before answering this question, it is necessary to understand what namaz is, how to read it, and find out the procedure for performing namaz for women.

Namaz is the most important pillar of the Islamic faith, one of the five concepts that define the very essence of religion. Every Muslim and Muslim woman is obliged to perform namaz, because this is the very worship of the Almighty, a prayer to him and a sign that the believer completely submits to the Lord, surrenders himself to His will.

Prayer purifies the soul of a person, helps to illuminate his heart with the light of goodness and truth, and raises his significance in the eyes of Allah. In essence, namaz is a person’s direct communication with the Lord. Let us recall how the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him!) spoke about prayer: “Namaz is the pillar of religion. Whoever abandons prayer destroys his religion.”

For a Muslim, namaz is a way to cleanse the soul from sinful thoughts, from the human desire for vices, from the evil that has accumulated in the soul. Namaz is necessary not only for men, but also for women. Once the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him!) addressed his supporters: “Will dirt remain on your body if you bathe five times in the river that flows in front of your house?” They answered the Prophet: “O Messenger of Allah, there will be no dirt left.” The Prophet (peace be upon him!) said: “This is an example of the five prayers that a believer performs, and through this Allah washes away his sins, just as this water washes away dirt.”

What is the key, even critical, importance of prayer for a Muslim? The fact is that according to prayer on the Day of Judgment, the Lord will determine a person’s value for Himself and will consider his earthly actions. And Allah does not discriminate between men and women.

It is known that many Muslim women are afraid of the very beginning of performing namaz, because they do not know how to do it correctly. In no case can this become an obstacle to a woman’s path to fulfilling her obligations to the Lord. By not performing prayer, a woman deprives her soul of peace and tranquility; she does not receive generous rewards from Allah. Her family will not be peaceful and prosperous, and she will not be able to raise her children according to Islamic standards.

Namaz for beginners should be carried out under the supervision and with the help of experienced Muslims who are ready to help an inexperienced beginner.

How to perform namaz correctly for women?

First of all, you need to find out what salt is, how many obligatory prayers there are and how many rakats they include.

Solat is a prayer, an appeal to Allah, a namaz. The prayer consists of three parts - fard prayer, sunnah prayer, and nafl prayer. The most important step on the path to performing prayer is fard prayer, which is obligatory for every Muslim.

Rakat is the name given to the order in which certain actions are performed during prayer. The morning Ard-Fajr includes 2 rak'ahs, the midday (az-Zuhr) - 4 rak'ahs, the afternoon (al-Asr) - 4 rak'ahs, the evening or al-Maghrib - 3 rak'ahs. For the night prayer al-Isha, 4 rak'ahs are allocated.

The rakat includes one rukah (as bows from the waist are called in Islam), as well as two sajdas (as bows to the ground are called). To start performing this prayer for beginner women, it is important to memorize the suras and duas used in performing the prayer as soon as possible, learn the rakats and the order of their performance. You need to know at least 3 Quranic surahs, about 5 duas and Surah Fatiha. In addition, the woman will have to learn how to perform wudhu and ghusl.

A beginning woman can be taught how to perform namaz by her husband or relatives. You can also use training videos, of which there are many on the Internet. With the help of the video, a Muslim woman will clearly see the actions during prayer, their sequence, learn the order of reading duas and surahs, and learn to hold her hands and body in the correct position. It is worth remembering the words of al-Luknawi: “Many actions of a woman during prayer differ from the actions of men...” (“Al-Siyaya”, volume 2, p. 205).

Namaz for beginners from two rak'ahs

The morning Fajr prayer contains only two rak'ahs, so it cannot be called complex. In addition, this prayer is used when performing additional prayer.

The procedure for performing morning prayer for women is common to all Muslims. The main difference between male and female Fajr prayer is the position of the limbs. For the correct performance of this type of prayer, a woman needs not only to pronounce courts and duas in Arabic, but also to understand what meaning is embedded in them. In this article we will give the procedure for performing namaz with the translation of surahs. Of course, if a woman could attract an Arabic teacher to memorize the suras, this would be an ideal option. But, in the absence of one, you can use training programs. The most important point is the correct pronunciation of all words in Arabic. To make it easier for a novice woman, we have translated suras and duas into Russian, although, of course, such a translation cannot fully reflect the pronunciation of words.

Two rak'ahs of fard prayer

• Before performing namaz, a woman must achieve complete ritual purity. For this, ghusl and voodoo are made - this is how two types of ritual ablution are called in Islam.
• The woman's body should be almost completely hidden. Only the hands, feet and face remain open.
• We stand facing the Kaaba.
• We inform Allah with our hearts about what kind of prayer we are going to perform. For example, a woman can read to herself: “For the sake of Allah, I intend to perform 2 rakats of fard of today’s morning prayer.”
• Raise both arms so that the fingertips reach shoulder level. The palms should be turned towards the Kaaba. We pronounce the initial takbir: اَللهُ أَكْبَرْ “Allahu Akbar.” During Takbir, a woman must look at the place where her head will touch when bowing to the ground. We hold our hands at the chest, place our fingers at shoulder level. The feet should be parallel with the distance of approximately one hand minus the thumb
• After pronouncing Takbir, we fold our hands on our chest. The right hand should lie on the left hand. Men take their left wrist when praying, but women do not need to do this.
• Having reached the above-described position and still looking at the place of saj (prostration), we read the dua “Sana”: “Subhanakya Allahumma wa Bihamdikya Wa Tabarak” I-smukya wa ta'ala jaddukya wa la ilaha gairuk." (Allah! You are above all shortcomings, all praise is to You, the presence of Your Name is endless in everything, Your Greatness is high, and besides You we worship no one). Let us remember Aisha, who told people the following hadith: “The Messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) began the prayer after the opening takbir with this doxology: “Subhanaka...”.
• The next stage is reading أَعُوذُ بِاللهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ “Auuzu bil-lyahi mina-shaytaani r-rajim” (I seek refuge with Allah but from Satan, who is stoned).
• We read بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحيِمِ “Bis-mi Llyahi-Rrahmani-Rrahim” (In the name of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful).
• Without changing the position of the body, we read the most important surah Fatiha in prayer:

بِسْمِ اللَّـهِ الرَّ‌حْمَـٰنِ الرَّ‌حِيمِ

الْحَمْدُ لِلَّـهِ رَ‌بِّ الْعَالَمِينَ

مَالِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ

إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ وَإِيَّاكَ نَسْتَعِينُ

اهْدِنَا الصِّرَ‌اطَ الْمُسْتَقِيمَ

صِرَ‌اطَ الَّذِينَ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ

غَيْرِ‌ الْمَغْضُوبِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا الضَّالِّينَ

Alhamdulillahi Rabbi al-'alamiin! Ar-Rahmani-r-Rahim! Maliki yawwmiddin. Iyyaka na'budu wa iyyaka nasta'in. Ikhdi-na-s-Syrat-al-mustaqim. Syrat-al-lyazina an ‘amta ‘alayhim. Gairi-l-magdubi ‘aleihim wa lyaddaaa-lliiin.”

(Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds! The Gracious, the Merciful, the King on the Day of Judgment. We worship You and ask You to help! Lead us along the straight road, Along the path of those whom You have blessed - not those who are under anger, and not lost).

• Maintaining the position of the body, we read out any sura known to us. Surah Al-Kawthar is perfect:

إِنَّا أَعْطَيْنَاكَ الْكَوْثَرَ‌

فَصَلِّ لِرَ‌بِّكَ وَانْحَرْ‌

إِنَّ شَانِئَكَ هُوَ الْأَبْتَرُ‌

“Inna a’taina kal-kausar. Fasalli li Rabbika vanhar. Inna shaniaka huwa-l-abtar.” (We have granted you al-Kawsar (countless blessings, including the river of the same name in Paradise). Therefore, perform prayer for the sake of your Lord and slaughter the sacrifice. Verily, your hater himself will be unknown).

In principle, when praying for beginner women, it is enough to read Surah Fatiha, followed by the transition to the performance of the Hand.

The hand is made as follows: we bend in a bow, leaving the back parallel to the floor. We say “Allah Akbar”. It is not necessary for the representatives of the weaker sex to simply lean forward a little, because it is quite difficult to completely align the back and not every woman is capable of this. When performing the Hand, the hands should rest against the kneecaps, but they do not need to be clasped. Leaning in this way, we say:

سُبْحَانَ رَبِّيَ الْعَظِيمِ

“Subhaana Rabiyal Azyym” - (Glory to my Great Lord).

This phrase is pronounced 3 to 7 times. Required condition: the number of utterances must be odd.

• Exiting the “bow” position is also accompanied by reading the sura:

سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ

رَبَّنَا وَلَكَ الحَمْدُ

“Sami’Allahu liman hamidah.”

(Allah hears those who praise him).

“Rabbana wa lakal hamd.”

(O our Lord, to You alone is all praise!)

• Having straightened up, we perform Sajd again, while saying “Allahu Akbar.” Different parts of the body are lowered to the floor gradually: first we press our knees to the floor, then our hands, and finally our nose and forehead. It is important that the head is positioned during Sajda directly between the hands, spread in such a way that the fingers pressed to each other point towards the Kaaba. The elbows should be located close to the stomach. We press our calves tightly to our thighs; we cannot close our eyes. Having reached this position, the Muslim woman says:

"Subhana Rabbiyal A'lyaa." (Glory to my Lord supreme).

• We return to a sitting position, while saying “Allahu Akbar.” We take a new sitting position: we bend our knees and place our hands on them. We hold this position until “Subhanallah” is said. Again we say “Allahu Akbar” and take the position of Sajd. In Sajda we say three, five or seven times: “Subhana Rabbiyal A’lyaa.” An important point: the number of repetitions should be the same in both Sajd and Ruka.
• The first rakat of prayer ends with rising to a standing position. Of course, at the same time we say “Allahu Akbar”: praising the Almighty is obligatory in almost every action during prayer. We keep our hands folded on our chest.

Second rakat of fard prayer

• We repeat all the steps described above, but from the moment we read Surah Fatiha. After reading the sura, we use another text, for example, “Ikhlas”:

قُلْ هُوَ اللَّـهُ أَحَدٌ

لَمْ يَلِدْ وَلَمْ يُولَدْ

وَلَمْ يَكُن لَّهُ كُفُوًا أَحَدٌ

“Kul huwa laahu ahad. Allahu ssamad. Lam yalid wa lam yulyad. Wa lam yakullahu kufuvan ahad.” (He - Allah - is one, Allah is eternal; He did not beget and was not begotten, and no one was equal to Him!) (Sura 112 - “Ikhlas”).

An important point: when performing namaz, Muslims are prohibited from reading the same surahs in different rakats. There is only one exception to this rule - Surah Fatiha, which is an indispensable part of any rakah.

• We use the same scheme of actions as during the first rakat up to the second Saj. Having bowed, we do not rise, as described above, but sit down. The woman sits to the left, with her legs drawn up to the outer thighs, pointing to her right. It is important that the woman performing namaz sits on the floor and not on her feet. Place your hands on your knees, pressing your fingers tightly.
• Having accepted this position, it is necessary to read the most important dua Tashahud: All rights reserved. بَرَكاتُهُ، اَلسَّلامُ عَلَيْنا وَعَلى عِبادِ اللهِ الصّالِحينَ، All rights reserved. All rights reserved. All rights reserved. All rights reserved بْراهيمَ وَعَلى آلِ إِبْراهيمَ، فِي الْعالَمينَ، إِنَّكَ حَميدٌ مَ جيد “At-tahiyayatu Lillyayahi Vas-Salavaatu wat-Tayibat As-Salayamu aleyka Ayuhan-nabiyu wa rahmatu Llaahi va barakayatuh. Assalamu Aleyna wa ala ibaadi Llaahi-ssalihin Ashhadu Allah ilaha ila Allah Wa ashhadu Anna Muhammadan Abduhu wa Rasuuluh "(Greetings, prayers and all good deeds belong only to Allah Almighty. Peace be upon you, O Prophet, the mercy of Allah and His blessings Peace be upon us, as well as I testify to all the righteous servants of Allah that there is no god worthy of worship except Allah, and I testify that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger).

When saying “la illaha” you need to raise your right index finger up. At the words “illa Allahu,” we lower our finger.

• The next part of the prayer is the reading of the dua “Salavat”, glorifying the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him!).

“Allaahumma sally 'alaya sayidinaa mukhammadin wa 'alaya eeli sayidinaa mukhammad, Kyama sallayte 'alaya sayidinaa ibraahim wa 'alaya eeli sayidinaa ibraahim, Wa baarik 'alaya sayidinaa muhammadin wa 'alaya eeli sayidinaa muhammad, Kamaa baarakte 'alaya sayidinaa ibraakhima va 'alaya eeli Sayidinaa ibraakhima fil-'aalamiin, innekya hamiidun majiid.”

(O Allah! Bless Muhammad and his family, as You blessed Ibrahim and his family. And send down blessings on Muhammad and his family, as You sent down blessings on Ibrahim and his family in all the worlds. Verily, You are the Praised, the Glorified).

• Immediately after the dua for the glory of Muhammad, we read the appeal to Allah: All rights reserved. مِنْ عِنْدِكَ، الغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ “Allahumma inni zolyamtu nafsi zulman kasira wa la yaghfiruz zunuuba illya Ant . Fagfirli magfiratam min ‘indik warhamni innaka Antal Gafuurur Rahiim.” (“O Allah, truly I have been extremely unfair to myself, and only You forgive sins. So forgive me from Your side and have mercy on me! Verily, You are the Most Forgiving, the Most Merciful.”
• Dua for the glory of Allah is replaced by Salutation. It must be read with your head turned to the right and looking at your right shoulder. We pronounce:

السَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ رَحْمَةُ اللهِ

“Assalaiyamu ’alaikum wa rahmatu-llaah” (peace and blessings of Allah be upon you).

We turn our heads to the left, look at our left shoulder and say: “Assalaiyamu 'alaikum wa rahmatu-Llaah,” which means “Peace be upon you and the blessing of the Almighty.”

This ends the two-rak prayer.

If desired, the worshiper can expand the prayer by reading “Astagfirullah” three times at the end of the prayer session, then “Ayatul-kursi”. In addition, you can pronounce the following taxibs 33 times:

سُبْحَانَ اللهِ - Subhanallah.

اَلْحَمْدُ لِلهِ - Alhamdulillah.

We say “Allahu Akbar” thirty-four times.

After this you need to read:

لاَ اِلَهَ اِلاَّ اللهُ وَحْدَهُ لاَ شَرِيكَ لَهُ.لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَ لَهُ الْحَمْدُ

وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ

“La ilaha illalah wahdahu la sharikalyah, lahalul mulku wa lahalul hamdu wa hua ala kulli shayin kadir.”

The next part of the extended version of the prayer is reading the dua from the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him!). You can read any other dua that does not contradict Sharia. When reading, we hold our open palms together in front of our faces, tilting them slightly upward.

Two-rak'ah sunnah and nafl prayers

Sunnah and nafl prayers are usually performed during the morning prayer immediately after its fard rakats. In addition, after the fard rakats of Zuhr prayer, 2 rakats of sunnah and nafl are used.

Also, 2 rak'ahs of sunnah and nafl are used after fard (Maghrib), fard (Esha) and immediately before Witr prayer.

The sunnah and nafl prayers are almost similar to the two-rakt fard prayer. The key difference is the intention, since immediately before performing the prayer, a Muslim woman needs to read the intention for this particular prayer. If a woman performs sunnah prayer, then she should also read the intention about it.

Correct reading of three-rak prayers by a woman

How can a woman correctly read the fard prayer, which consists of 3 rak'ahs? Let's figure it out. Such a prayer can only be found in the Maghrib prayer.

The prayer begins with two rak'ahs, similar to those used in the two-rak'ah prayer. In simplified form, the order is as follows:

1. Surah Fatiha.
2. A short surah.
3. Saja.
4. Second sajja.
5. Surah Fatiha (re-reading).
6. One of the surahs familiar to the woman.
7. Hand.
8. Saja.
9. Second sajja.

After the second saji of the second rakah, the woman needs to sit down and recite the dua Tashahud. After reading the dua, a Muslim woman can move on to the third rakat.

The third rakat includes Surah Fatiha, Ruku, Sajja and the second Sajja. Having completed the second sajja, the woman sits down to read the dua. She will have to recite the following suras:

Having finished with this part of the prayer, the Muslim woman says a greeting similar to the greeting from the two-rak prayer session. The prayer is considered completed.

How to perform Witr prayer

Witr prayer includes three rak'ahs, and its performance is significantly different from those described above. When performing, specific rules are used that are not used in other prayers.

A woman needs to stand facing the Kaaba, pronounce the Intention, then the classic Takbir “Allahu Akbar”. The next step is to pronounce the dua “Sana”. When the dua is pronounced, the first rakat of Witra begins.

The first rakah includes: Surah Fatiha, short surah, rukah, sajdah and second sajdah. We stand to perform the second rakah, which includes “Fatihah”, a short surah, ruka, sajah, second sajah. After the second sajja, we sit down and read the dua Tashahud. It is important to ensure correct landing. We rise for the third rak'ah.

In the third rak'ah of Vitra prayer, the Fatiha surah and one of the short surahs known to a woman are read. An excellent option would be Surah Falak:

قُلْ أَعُوذُ بِرَ‌بِّ الْفَلَقِ ﴿١﴾ مِن شَرِّ‌ مَا خَلَقَ ﴿٢﴾ وَمِن شَرِّ‌ غَاسِقٍ إِذَا وَقَبَ ﴿٣﴾ وَمِن شَرِّ‌ النَّفَّاثَاتِ فِي الْعُقَدِ ﴿٤﴾ وَمِن شَرِّ‌ حَاسِدٍ إِذَا حَسَدَ ﴿٥﴾

“Kul a”uzuu bi-rabbi l-falak. Minn sharri maa halak. Wa minn sharri ‘gaasikyyn izaa vak’ab. Wa min sharri nafazaati fii l-“ukad. Wa minn sharri haasidin isaa hasad.”

(Say: “I seek refuge with the Lord of the dawn from the evil of what He has created, from the evil of darkness when it comes, from the evil of witches who spit on knots, from the evil of the envious when he is jealous.”)

Note! When performing Witr prayer for beginners, it is permissible to read the same surahs in different rakats.

At the next stage, you should say “Allahu Akbar”, raise your hands as when performing the initial takbir and return them to their original position. We say dua Qunut:

اَللَّهُمَّ اِنَّا نَسْتَعِينُكَ وَ نَسْتَغْفِرُكَ وَ نَسْتَهْدِيكَ وَ نُؤْمِنُ بِكَ وَ

نَتُوبُ اِلَيْكَ وَ نَتَوَكَّلُ عَلَيْكَ وَ نُثْنِى عَلَيْكَ الْخَيْرَ كُلَّهُ نَشْكُرُكَ

وَ لآ نَكْفُرُكَ وَ نَخْلَعُ وَ نَتْرُكُ مَنْ يَفْجُرُكَ

اَللَّهُمَّ اِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ وَ لَكَ نُصَلِّى وَ نَسْجُدُ وَ اِلَيْكَ نَسْعَى وَ نَحْفِدُ

نَرْجُوا رَحْمَتَكَ وَ نَخْشَى عَذَابَكَ اِنَّ عَذَابَكَ بِالْكُفَّارِ مُلْحِقٌ

“Allahumma inna nastainuka wa nastagfiruka wa nastahdika wa nu’minu bika wa natubu ilyayka wa netawakkulyu aleyke wa nusni aleyku-l-khaira kullehu neshkuruka wa laa nakfuruka wa nahlau wa netruku mey yafjuruk. Allahumma iyyaka na'budu wa laka nusalli wa nasjudu wa ilyayka nes'a wa nahfidu narju rahmatika wa nakhsha azabaka inna azabaka bi-l-kuffari mulhik"

(“O Allah! We ask to lead us along the true path, we ask You for forgiveness and repent. We believe in You and rely on You. We glorify You in the best possible way. We thank You and are not infidels. We reject and renounce the one who does not obey You. O Allah! We worship You alone, pray and make prostrations to the ground. We strive and direct ourselves towards You. We hope for Your Mercy and fear Your punishment. Verily, Your punishment befalls the unbelievers! "

Dua “Qunut” is a very difficult surah, which a woman will need a lot of time and effort to memorize. If a Muslim woman has not yet managed to cope with this surah, she can use a simpler one:

رَبَّنَا اَتِنَا فِى الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً وَ فِى اْلآخِرَةِ حَسَنَةً وَ قِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ

“Rabbana atina fi-d-Dunya hasanatan wa fi-l-Akhirati hasanatan wa kyna azaban-Nar.”

(Our Lord! Give us good things in this and the next life, protect us from the fire of Hell).

If a woman has not yet memorized this dua, she can say “Allahumma-gfirli” three times, which means: “Allah, forgive me!” It is also acceptable to say three times: “Ya, Rabbi!” (O my Creator!).

Having pronounced the dua, we say “Allahu Akbar!”, make a hand, soot, another soot and sit down to recite the following texts:

Witr ends with a greeting to Allah.

Four-rakah prayer for beginners

Having gained some experience in performing prayer, a woman can proceed to 4 rakats.

The four act prayers include Zuhr, Esha fard and Asr.

Performance

• We stand so that our face is turned towards the Kaaba.
• We express our intention.
• We articulate Takbir “Allahu Akbar!”
• We say the dua “Sana”.
• We stand to perform the first rak'ah.
• The first two rak'ahs are read as in the 2-rak'ah Fadr prayer, with the exception that in the second rak'ah it is enough to read "Tashahud" and after Surah "Fatiha" nothing else needs to be read.
• After completing two rak'ahs, we recite the dua Tashahud. Then - “Salavat”, Allahumma inni zolyamtu nafsi. We do the greeting.

Women need to remember the rules of performing namaz. The body must be covered; prayers cannot be performed during menstruation and after childbirth. The prayers that the Muslim woman missed at this moment do not need to be restored.

The rules for performing prayers for a woman are suitable for both girls and girls. Unlike men, women are advised to perform namaz at home. If a Muslim woman is in a mosque, she should stand behind the men praying. It is impossible to stand in the same row with men - such a prayer will not please Allah.

Watch the video from YouTube on our website: prayer for women according to the Hanafi madhhab

Watch an online video lesson: how to read prayer for beginner Muslim women

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22:12 2014

The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "Pray as you saw me praying"(Bukhari)

Below we have collected for you training videos and a detailed description of the entire prayer from beginning to end. May this material be of benefit to Muslims.

A short prayer lesson. For those who want to learn but don't know where to start.

Every Muslim should know that the acceptance of his actions by Allah Almighty depends on his compliance with the following two conditions: First, the act must be done sincerely and only for the sake of Allah Almighty. Moreover, when performing this act, a Muslim should fear only Allah, love Him more than anything else and hope only for His mercy. Secondly, a Muslim must perform this or that act in the same way as the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, did it, i.e. in accordance with his Sunnah.

The absence of one of these conditions makes the ritual of worship invalid, be it prayer, ablution, fasting, zakat, etc. Therefore, in an effort to put an end to disagreements and misunderstandings related to prayer and purification, when writing this article, we exclusively relied on the verses of the Holy Quran and the authentic hadiths of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.

DELIVERY ETIQUETTE

1. A person performing natural needs must choose a place where people cannot see him, hear sounds during the release of gases and smell excrement.

2. It is advisable to say the following words before entering the toilet: “Allahumma inni a’uzu bika mina-l-khubusi wa-l-habais!” (“O Allah! I seek refuge in You from vile male and female devils!”).

3. A person exercising natural needs should not talk to anyone, say greetings, or respond to anyone’s call unless necessary.

4. A person who performs natural needs, out of respect for the sacred Kaaba, should not turn his face or back to it.

5. It is necessary to avoid getting excrement (feces and urine) on the body and clothes.

6. It is necessary to avoid exercising natural needs in places where people walk or rest.

7. A person should not fulfill his natural needs in standing water or in the water in which he bathes.

8. It is undesirable to urinate while standing. This can only be done if two conditions are met:

a. if there is confidence that urine will not get on the body or clothes;

b. if a person is sure that no one will see his shameful places.

9. It is necessary to clean both passages with water or stones, paper, etc. However, water purification is most preferred.

10. You need to clear both passages with your left hand.

11. After leaving the toilet, it is advisable to say the following words: “Gufranak!” (“I ask for your forgiveness, Lord!”)

12. It is advisable to enter the toilet with your left foot and exit it with your right.

SMALL WASH

Allah Almighty said: “O you who believe! When you stand up for prayer, wash your faces and your hands up to the elbows, wipe your heads and wash your feet up to the ankles” (al-Maida, 6).

Conditions for performing ablution

A person performing ablution must:

1. be a Muslim;

2. be of age (according to some scientists);

3. not be mentally ill;

4. have clean water with you;

5. have the intention to perform a small ablution;

6. remove everything that prevents water from reaching the ablution organs (paint, varnish, etc.), and also, when performing a small ablution, do not leave any part of the ablution organs dry;

7. cleanse the body of impurities;

8. get rid of feces and urine.

Actions that invalidate wudu

1. Excreta coming out of the anus or anus, such as urine, feces, prostate juice, gas, bleeding, etc.

2. Deep sleep or loss of consciousness.

3. Eating camel meat.

4. Direct touching of the genitals or anus (according to some scientists).

Actions that do not invalidate wudu

1. Anything that is excreted from the human body, excluding excrement coming from the anus and anterior passages.

2. Touching a woman.

3. Eating food cooked over fire.

4. Doubt about the validity of ablution.

5. Laughter or laughter.

6. Touching the deceased.

8. Nap.

9. Touching uncleanliness. (If you touch dirt, just wash it off with water).

Procedure for performing small ablution

A person performing a small ablution must intend to perform it in his soul. However, there is no need to say the intention out loud, because the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, did not say the intention out loud before ablution, prayer and other rites of worship. Starting the small ablution, you must say: “Bi-smi-llah!” (“In the name of Allah!”). Then you need to wash your hands three times. Then you need to rinse your mouth and nose three times and wash your face three times from one ear to the other and from where the hair grows to the end of the jaw (or beard). Then you need to wash both hands three times from the fingertips to the elbows inclusive, starting with the right hand. Then you need to wet your palms and rub your head with them. When wiping your head, you need to run your hands over it from the end of the forehead to the beginning of the neck, and then in the opposite direction. Then you need to insert your index fingers into the ear holes and wipe the outside of the ears with your thumbs. Then you need to wash your feet from the toes to the ankles inclusive, starting with the right foot. It is necessary to wash the spaces between the toes and pay attention to ensuring that the water reaches the heels. After completing ablution, it is advisable to say: “Ashhadu alla ilaha illa-llahu wahdahu la sharika lah, wa-ashhadu anna Muhammadan abduhu wa-rasuluh, allahumma-j'alni mina-t-tavvabina wa-j'alni mina-l-mutatakhhirin! » (“I testify that there is no deity except Allah alone, Who has no partners, and I testify that Muhammad is His slave and messenger! O Allah! Make me one of the repentant and make me one of the self-purifying!”)

GREAT WATHU

Cases in which great ablution becomes obligatory

1. After sexual intercourse (even if ejaculation did not occur), as well as after emission or ejaculation that occurred as a result of passionate desire.

2. After the end of menstruation and postpartum bleeding.

3. To perform Friday prayer.

4. After death: a deceased Muslim should be washed, unless he is a martyr who fell in the path of Allah.

5. When accepting Islam.

Cases in which great ablution is advisable

1. Great ablution of a person who washed a dead person.

2. Before entering the state of ihram to perform Hajj or Umrah, as well as before entering Mecca.

3. To re-engage in sexual intercourse.

4. It is advisable for a woman who has chronic bleeding to perform a long ablution before each prayer.

Procedure for performing great ablution

After a person intends to perform a great ablution, he must say: “Bi-smi-l-lyah!” (“In the name of Allah!”) and wash your hands. Then he must wash the genitals and anus, and then perform ablution. Then you need to pour water on your head three times, while combing your hair with your hands so that the water reaches the roots of the hair. Then you need to wash all remaining parts of the body three times. Then you should wash your feet three times. (This is how the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, performed a great ablution).

If a medical bandage or plaster is applied to any organ of the body, then, when performing a small or large ablution, it is necessary to wash healthy areas of the body and wipe the bandage or plaster with a wet hand. If wiping a bandage or plaster with a wet hand harms the damaged organ, then in this case you should perform a sand bath.

WASHING WITH SAND (TAYAMMUM)

Sand washing is permitted if:

1. there is no water or there is not enough water to perform a small or large ablution;

2. a wounded or sick person is afraid that as a result of a small or large ablution his condition will worsen or his illness will prolong;

3. it is very cold, and a person cannot use water for small or large ablution (heat it up, etc.) and is afraid that the water will harm him;

4. there is little water and only enough for drinking, cooking and other necessary purposes;

5. it is impossible to reach water, for example, if an enemy or a predatory animal does not give the opportunity to approach the water, or if a person fears for his life, honor or property, or if he is imprisoned, or if he is unable to draw water from a well and etc.

Actions that invalidate sand ablution

Anything that invalidates wudu and wudu as stated earlier will also invalidate wudu. If, after performing ablution with sand, water is found or it becomes possible to use it, then ablution with sand also becomes invalid. A person who has performed namaz after he has performed ablution with sand should not perform this namaz again if he finds water. The expiration of a particular prayer does not invalidate sand ablution.

Procedure for performing sand ablution

After a person intends to perform a sand bath, he must say: “Bi-smi-l-lyakh!” (“In the name of Allah!”), and then place your palms once on the place chosen for performing ablution with sand. Then you need to clean your palms of sand by blowing on them or clapping them together. Then you should wipe your face and hands with your palms.

Sand washing is permitted only with clean sand or similar substances.

You cannot perform ablution with sand in the presence of water, as this is contrary to Sharia, and in this case, the performed prayer will be considered invalid. Therefore, you cannot perform ablution with sand in the presence of water, even if the time of prayer is coming to an end: you must perform a small or large ablution with water, and then perform the prayer.

NAMAZ

Allah Almighty said: “But they were ordered only to worship Allah, serving him sincerely, like monotheists, to perform prayer and pay zakat. This is the right faith” (al-Bayyina, 98:5).

Malik ibn al-Khuwayris, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: “Perform prayer as I do.”

Conditions required for performing namaz

Every Muslim who is of age and of sound mind is obliged to perform Namaz. To perform prayer, the following conditions must be present:

1. cleansing, i.e. you need to perform a small (or, if necessary, a large) ablution or a substituting ablution with sand, if necessary;

2. perform namaz at a strictly defined time for it;

3. the body and clothing of the person praying, as well as the place where prayer is performed, must be cleansed of contamination;

4. covering the parts of the body that Shariah commands to cover during prayer;

5. turning the face towards the holy Kaaba.

6. intention (in the soul) to perform one or another prayer.

Actions that invalidate prayer

1. Apostasy (may Allah Almighty protect us from this!);

2. deliberate failure to comply with any pillar, obligatory action or condition of prayer;

3. deliberately pronounce words and perform actions that are not related to prayer;

4. deliberately add unnecessary bows or bows to the ground, standing or sitting;

5. deliberate distortion of sounds or words, or changing the order of verses when reading Qur'anic suras, since this contradicts the order in which Allah sent these suras;

6. deliberate eating or drinking;

7. laughter or laughter (with the exception of a smile);

8. deliberately pronouncing the pillars and obligatory dhikrs pronounced during prayer in the soul, without moving the tongue;

9. finding water after performing ablution with sand.

Actions that are undesirable to perform during prayer

1. look up;

2. turning your head to the side for no reason;

3. look at things that distract from prayer;

4. put your hands on your belt;

5. place your elbows on the ground while bowing to the ground;

6. close your eyes;

7. without reason, make unnecessary movements that do not invalidate the prayer (itching, staggering, etc.);

8. perform namaz if it has already been served;

10. stand up for prayer while holding urine, feces or gas;

11. perform namaz with the sleeves of your jacket or shirt rolled up;

12. perform prayer with bare shoulders;

13. perform namaz wearing clothes with images of living beings (animals, people, etc.), as well as perform namaz on such images or facing them;

14. do not put an obstacle in front of yourself;

15. pronounce the intention to perform prayer with the tongue;

16. do not straighten your back and arms when bowing from the waist;

17. failure to align the rows of worshipers and the presence of empty seats in the rows when performing group prayers;

18. bring your head close to your knees and press your elbows to your body while bowing to the ground;

19. be ahead of the imam when performing group prayers;

20. reading the Koran while making bows or prostrations;

21. Always deliberately perform namaz in the mosque in the same place.

Places where prayer is prohibited

1. desecrated places;

2. in the cemetery, as well as at the grave or facing it (with the exception of funeral prayer);

3. in the bathhouse and toilet;

4. at a place where camels stop or in a camel pen.

AZAN

“Allahu Akbar!” (“Allah is great!”) – 4 times;

“Ashhadu alla ilaha illa-l-lah!” (“I testify that there is no god but Allah!”) – 2 times;

“Ashhadu anna Muhammad-r-rasul-l-lah” (“I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah!”) – 2 times;

“Hayya Ala-s-salah!” (“Hurry to prayer!”) – 2 times;

“Hayya ala-l-falyah!” (“Hurry to success!”) – 2 times;

ICAM

“Allahu Akbar!” (“Allah is great!”) – 2 times;

“Ashhadu alla ilaha illa-l-lah!” (“I testify that there is no god but Allah!”) – 1 time;

“Ashhadu anna Muhammad-r-rasul-l-lah” (“I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah!”) – 1 time;

“Hayya Ala-s-salah!” (“Hurry to prayer!”) – 1 time;

“Hayya ala-l-falyah!” (“Hurry to success!”) – 1 time;

“Kad kamati-s-salah!” (“Namaz has already begun!”) – 2 times;

“Allahu Akbar!” (“Allah is great!”) – 2 times;

“La ilaha illa-l-lah” (“There is no god but Allah!”) – 1 time.

PROCEDURE FOR PERFORMING NAMAZ

A person performing namaz must turn his whole body to the sacred Kaaba located in Mecca. Then he must intend in his soul to perform one or another prayer. Then he must, raising his hands at shoulder or ear level, say: “Allahu Akbar!” (“Allah is great!”). This initial takbir is called in Arabic “takbirat al-ihram” (lit. “forbidding takbir”), since after its pronunciation the person who begins to perform namaz is prohibited from certain actions that are permitted outside of namaz (talking, eating, etc. ). Then he should place the palm of his right hand on the hand of his left and place both hands on his chest. Then he must say the opening prayer: “Subhanaka-llahumma wa bi-hamdika wa tabaraka-smuka wa ta’ala jadduka wa la ilaha gairuk!” (“Glorified are You, O Allah! Praise be to You! Blessed is Your name! High is Your greatness! There is no god but You!”)

Then the worshiper must say: “A’uzu bi-l-lyahi mina-sh-sheitani-r-rajim!” (“I seek refuge in Allah from the accursed Satan!”) Then he must recite Surah al-Fatihah (“The Opener of the Qur’an”):

“Bi-smi-llahi-r-rahmani-r-rahim!”

1. “Al-hamdu li-llahi rabbi-l-alamin!”

2. “Ar-rahmani-r-rahim!”

3. “Maliki yaumi-d-din!”

4. “Iyyaka na’budu wa iyyaka nasta’in!”

5. “Ikhdina-s-sirata-l-mustagim!”

6. “Sirata-l-lyazina an’amta aleikhim!”

7. “Gairi-l-magdubi aleihim wa la-d-dallin!”

(“In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful!

1. Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds,

2. Gracious, Merciful,

3. Lord of the Day of Retribution!

4. You alone we worship and You alone we pray for help.

5. Lead us to the straight path,

6. in the way of those whom You have blessed,

7. not those on whom wrath has fallen, and not those who are lost").

Then he must say: “Amen!” (“Lord! Heed our prayer!”). Then he must recite any sura (or suras) of the Qur'an that he knows by heart.

Then he must raise his hands at shoulder level and, saying the words: “Allahu Akbar!”, make a bow from the waist, exalting Allah Almighty. It is advisable for him to straighten his back and head parallel to the floor and place his palms on his kneecaps, fingers spread out. While bowing from the waist, he must say three times: “Subhana rabbiyal-azim!” (“Pure is my great Lord!”) It is advisable to add to this the words: “Subhanaka-l-lahumma Rabbana wa bi-hamdik! Allahumma-gfirli! (“Exalted are You, O Allah, our Lord! Praise be to Thee! O Allah! Forgive me!”).

Then he should rise from the waist bow. Rising, he should say: “Sami’a-l-lahu estuary hamidah!” (“May Allah hear the one who praised Him!”) and raise your hands at shoulder level. Fully straightening, he should say: “Rabbana wa-laka-l-hamd!” (“Our Lord! Praise be to you!”) or: “Rabbana wa laka-l-hamdu hamdan kasiran tayyiban mubarakan fih, mil'a-s-samawati wa-mil'a-l-ardi wa-mil'a ma shi' ta min sheyin ba'd!

Then he must bow to the ground with humility before Allah and reverence for Him. When descending, he should say: “Allahu Akbar!”. When making a prostration, he must place his forehead and nose, both palms, both knees and the tips of the toes of both feet on the ground, move his elbows away from the body and not put them on the ground, point the tips of his fingers towards Mecca, move his knees away from each other and connect feet In this position, he must say three times: “Subhana Rabbiya-l-a’la!” (“Pure is my Supreme Lord!”) It is advisable to add to this the words: “Subhanaka-l-lahumma Rabbana wa bi-hamdik! Allahumma-gfir li!

Then he must raise his head from a bow to the ground, while saying “Allahu Akbar!” After this, he must sit on his left leg, place his right foot vertically, pointing the toes of his right foot towards the Kaaba, place his right palm on his right thigh, while opening his fingers, and place his left palm in the same way on his left thigh. While in this position, he must say: “Rabbi-gfir li, va-rhamni, va-khdini, va-rzukni, va-jburni, va-afini!” (“Lord! Forgive me! Have mercy on me! Guide me on the straight path! Grant me inheritance! Correct me! Make me healthy!”) Or he should say: “Rabbi-gfir! Rabbi-gfir!” (“Lord, forgive me! Lord, forgive me!”)

Then he must show humility before Allah and respect Him and with the words “Allahu Akbar!” make a second prostration in the same way as he made the first, while pronouncing the same words. This completes the first rak'at of prayer. Then he must stand on his feet, while saying “Allahu Akbar!” Having risen, he must do in the second rak'ah everything that he did in the first, with the exception of the opening prayer. Having completed the second rak’at, he should say “Allahu Akbar!” raise your head from the prostration and sit down in the same way as he sat between two prostrations, but at the same time he must press the ring finger and little finger of his right hand to his palm, connect the middle and thumb, and point the index finger towards the Kaaba. He must recite the prayers “Tashahhud”, “Salyavat” and “Isti’aza”.

Tashahhud: “At-tahiyyatu li-llahi wa-s-salyawatu wa-t-tayyibat! As-salamu aleyka eiyuha-n-nabiyyu wa-rahmatu-llahi wa-barakatuh! As-salamu aleyna wa ala ibad-llahi-s-salihin! Ashhadu alla ilaha ila-llah, wa-ashhadu anna Muhammadan abduhu wa rasuluh!” (“All greetings are to Allah, all prayers and righteous deeds! Peace be upon you, O Prophet, the mercy of Allah and His blessings! Peace be upon us and all the righteous servants of Allah! I testify that there is no god but Allah, and I testify that Muhammad is His slave and messenger!")

Salawat: “Allahumma salli ala Muhammadin wa ala ali Muhammad, kama salleyta ala Ibrahima wa ala ali Ibrahim! Innaka hamidun majid! Wa barik ala Muhammadin wa ala ali Muhammad, kama barakta ala Ibrahima wa ala ali Ibrahim! Innaka hamidun majid! (“O Allah! Praise Muhammad and his family just as you praised Ibrahim and his family! Verily, You are praiseworthy, glorious! And bless Muhammad and his family just as you blessed Ibrahim and his family! Verily, You are praiseworthy, glorious!”)

Istia'za: "Allahumma inni a'uzu bika min azabi-l-kabr, wa min azabi jahannam, wa min fitnati-l-makhya wa-l-mamat, wa min sharri fitnati-l-masihi-d-dajjal!" (“O Allah! Verily, I resort to You from torment in the grave, and from torment in hell, and from temptations during life and after death, and from the temptation of the Antichrist!”)

After this, he can ask Allah for any good, both in this worldly and in the afterlife. Then he must turn his head to the right and say: “As-salamu alaikum wa rahmatu-l-lah!” (“Peace be upon you and the mercy of Allah!”) Then he should turn his head to the left in the same way and say the same thing.

If the prayer consists of three or four rak’ats, then he must read “Tashahhud” up to the words: “Ashhadu alla ilaha ila-llah, wa ashhadu anna Muhammadan abduhu wa-rasuluh!”, and then with the words “Allahu akbar!” stand up and raise your hands to shoulder level. Then he must perform the remaining rak'ats of prayer in the same way as he performed the second rak'at, with the only difference that in subsequent rak'ats it is not necessary to read the sura after Surah al-Fatiha. Having completed the last rak'ah, the worshiper must sit down in the same way as he sat down before, with the only difference being that he must place the foot of his left foot under the shin of his right and sit on the seat. Then he must read the entire Tashahhud to the end and, turning his head to the right and left, say in both directions: “As-salamu alaikum va-rahmatu-llah!”

Dhikrs to be said after Prayer

3 times: “Astagfiru-llah!” (“I ask forgiveness from Allah!”)

“Allahumma anta-s-salamu wa minka-s-salamu! Tabarakta ya za-l-jalali wal-ikram!” (“O Allah! You are peace, and from You comes peace! Blessed are You, O Possessor of greatness and generosity!”)

“La ilaha illa-llahu wahdahu la sharika lah, lahu-l-mulku wa lahu-l-hamdu wa huwa ala kuli shey’in kadir! Allahumma la mani'a lima a'tayt, wa la mu'tiya lima mana't, wa la yanfa'u zal-jaddi minka-l-jadd!” (“There is no deity except one Allah, Who has no partners! Power and praise belong to Him! He is capable of every thing! O Allah! No one can stop You from giving what You wish! No one can give what You do not You wish! O Possessor of majesty! No one can be saved by his majesty from You!")

“La ilaha illa-llahu wahdahu la sharika lyah, lahu-l-mulku wa-lahu-l-hamdu wa huwa ala kulli shey’in kadir! La howla wa la quwwata illa bi-llah! La ilaha illa-llahu wa la na'budu illa iyyah! Lahu-n-ni'matu wa-lyahu-l-fadlu wa-lyahu-s-sana'u-l-hasan! La ilaha illa-llahu mukhlisina lyahu-d-dina wa lau kariha-l-kafirun!” (“There is no deity except Allah alone, Who has no partners! Power and praise belong to Him! He is capable of every thing! There is no strength and might except with Allah! There is no deity but Allah, and we do not worship anyone except Him ! To Him belong blessings, excellence and wonderful praise! There is no god but Allah! We worship Him alone, even if the unbelievers do not like it! "

33 times: “Subhan-Allah!” (“Glory be to Allah!”)

33 times: “Al-hamdu li-llah!” (“Praise be to Allah!”)

33 times: “Allahu Akbar!” (“Allah is great!”)

And at the end 1 time: “La ilaha illya-l-lahu wahdahu la sharika lakh, lahu-l-mulku wa-lyahu-l-hamdu wa-huva ala kulli shey’in kadir!” (“There is no deity except Allah alone, who has no partners! Power and praise belong to Him! He is capable of every thing!”)

It is advisable to read after each prayer “Ayat al-Kursi” (“Ayat on the Throne”): “Allahu la ilaha illya huwa-l-hayyu-l-kayyum, la ta’huzuhu sinatun wa la naum, lahu ma fi-s-samawati wa ma fi-l-ard, man za-l-lyazi yashfa'u indahu illya bi-iznih, ya'lyamu ma beina eidihim wa ma halfahum, wa la yuhituna bi shey'in min ilmihi illya bi-ma sha, wasi' and kursiyuhu-s-samavati wa-l-arda wa-la ya'uduhu hifzukhuma, wa-huwa-l-aliyyu-l-azim!” (“Allah is there is no deity except Him, the Living, the Almighty. Neither drowsiness nor sleep overtakes Him. To Him belongs what is in the heavens and what is on earth. Who will intercede before Him without His permission? He knows them the future and the past, while they comprehend from His knowledge only what He wills. His Throne (Foot of the Throne) embraces the heavens and the earth, and His protection of them does not burden Him. He is the Exalted, the Great" (al-Baqarah, 2: 255). Between those who read this verse after prayer and heaven there will only be death.

It is also advisable to read Surah al-Ikhlas (Sincerity) after prayer: “Bi-smi-llahi-r-rahmani-r-rahim! Kul huwa-llahu ahad! Allahu samad! Lam yalid wa lam yulid! Wa lam yaku-l-lyahu kufuvan ahad!” (“In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful! Say: “He is Allah the One, Allah the Self-sufficient. He did not beget and was not begotten, and there is no one equal to Him.””).

Sura “al-Falyak” (“Dawn”): “Bi-smi-llahi-r-rahmani-r-rahim! Kul a'uzu bi-rabbi-l-falyak! Min sharri ma halyak! Wa min sharri gasikin iza vakab! Wa min sharri-n-naffasati fi-l-ukad! Wa min sharri Hasidin iza Hasad!” (“In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful! Say: “I seek refuge in the Lord of the dawn from the evil of what He has created, from the evil of darkness when it comes, from the evil of witches who spit on knots, from the evil of the envious when he envies."

Sura “an-Nas” (“People”): “Bi-smi-llahi-r-rahmani-r-rahim! Kul a'uzu bi-rabbi-n-us! Maliki-n-us! Ilyahi-n-us! Min sharri-l-waswasi-l-khannas! Al-lyazi yuvasviu fi suduri-n-us! Mina-l-jinnati va-n-us!” (“In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful! Say: “I seek refuge in the Lord of men, the King of men, the God of men, from the evil of the tempter who retreats (or shrinks) at the remembrance of Allah, who inspires in the breasts of men and is from the jinn and men.”" ).

Say 10 times after dawn and sunset prayers: “La ilaha illa-l-lahu wahdahu la sharika lah, lahu-l-mulku wa-lahu-l-hamdu yukhyi va-yumit, wa-huva ala kulli shey’in kadir!” (“There is no deity except Allah alone, Who has no partners! Power and praise belong to Him! He gives life and kills! He is capable of every thing!”)

It is also advisable to say after dawn prayer: “Allahumma inni as’aluka ilman nafi’a, wa rizkan tayyiba, wa amalyan mutakabbala!” (“O Allah! I ask You for useful knowledge, a wonderful destiny and deeds that You will accept!”)

We continue the story about performing prayer for beginners. In this article, with the permission of Allah, we will talk about how to perform prayer for a beginner, what violates prayer, and we will answer common questions about prayer

Each prayer consists of a certain amount rak'ats– a set of actions that include reading certain surahs of the Koran while standing, making one bow from the waist (ruku) and two bows to the ground (sajdah).

morning prayer ( Fajr) comprises two rak'ahs,

lunch ( zuhr) - from four,

afternoon ( asr) also from four,

evening prayer Maghrib- from three,

and night prayer isha- from four.

However, in addition to the obligatory part (fard), each prayer also includes a certain number of desirable prayers (sunnat), which are not necessary to perform, however, a reward is also promised for their performance. Beginners, of course, should first accustom themselves to regularly performing the obligatory part of the five prayers, but then they should try to perform sunnat prayers in addition to the main ones.

Also, scholars of the Hanafi madhhab consider it obligatory ( wajib) performing namaz vitr, consisting of three rak'ahs which is performed after the night Isha prayer.

After you have performed ablution and closed the awrah, stand on the prayer mat (if you do not have one yet, you can use a clean towel or sheet for this purpose), facing the qibla, and express the intention in your heart ( niyat) to pray. During the intention, you need to name the prayer that you are going to perform (obligatory or desirable and its name is Fajr, Zuhr, Asr).

Intention is pronounced mentally, approximately in the following words: “I intend to perform fard (obligatory part) of this morning for the sake of Allah.(For example) Fajr prayer(or name the prayer you are going to perform).

Note: the intention to perform namaz must be pronounced mentally, but the introductory takbir, the suras of the Koran and the necessary duas are said aloud(not necessarily loudly, you can whisper, but so that you can hear yourself, moving your lips and tongue).

1. After expressing your intention, raise your hands with your palms facing outward towards your shoulders and say (out loud!) the phrase “Allahu Akbar!” (this is the so-called introductory takbir) (as shown in the picture). When raising your hands, make sure that your sleeves do not fall down and your aura does not open - this can ruin your prayer!

2. Then fold your hands on your chest (right over left) and read Surah Al-Fatiha

Surah Fatihah (Opening)(approximate transliteration and translation):

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

[Bismillahi r-rahmani r-rahim]

In the name of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful

الحمد لله رب العالمين
[Al-hamdu lillahirabbil-alamin]

Glory to Allah, Lord of all worlds

الرحمن الرحيم
[ar-rahmanir-rahim]

The Gracious, the Merciful

مالك يوم الدين
[maliki yaumid-din]

Lord of the Day of Judgment

إياك نعبد
[iyyakya nabudu]

We worship you alone

و إياك نستعين

[ua iyyakya nastayyin]

and to You alone we cry for help

اهدنى الصراط المستقيم

[ikhdinas-syratal-mustaqiyim]

Guide us on the righteous path

صراط الذين أنعمت عليهم
[sypatallazina an'amta aleikhim]

the path of those whom You have bestowed with Your blessings

غير المغضوب عليهم
[gairil-magdubi aleihim]

those who have not incurred Your disfavor

و لا الضآلين
[wa yad-doooollin (Amin)]

and those who did not fall into error. (Amen)

(as mentioned above, for the first time you can limit yourself to pronouncing the phrases “Bismillah”, Alhamdulillah” “La ilaha illallah”).

While reciting surahs, the gaze is directed to the intended place of prostration.

3. With the pronunciation of the words "Allahu Akbar" make a bow - hand '. Women bow not as deeply as men. The gaze is turned to the toes; the hands lie on the knees, not clasping them.

4. After making the ruku, straighten up again to a standing position.

5. With the words "Allahu Akbar" make a prostration (sajda). To perform it, they first kneel down, then lean on their hands and then touch the surface of the earth with their nose and forehead. The toes (at least two fingers) should touch the ground, the elbows touch the floor and press against the body, and the stomach should be pressed against the thighs.

6. With the words “Allahu Akbar,” rise to a sitting position for a short period of time, which is sufficient to pronounce the phrase “Subhanallah.” Then again say "Allahu Akbar" and make a second prostration.

Here the first rak'ah of prayer ends.

7. With the words “Allahu Akbar,” rise to a vertical position for the second rak’ah of prayer and fold your hands on your chest as described above.

2nd rak'ah:

8. First, as in the first rak'ah, read Surah Al-Fatihah (or say the words of dhikr - remembrance of Allah). Usually, in the second rak'ah, some short surah is also recited, but a beginner can limit himself to only one surah Al-Fatiha. Then they perform ruku' and sajda as described above.

9. After making two prostrations, sit on your feet (as shown in the picture), your hands are on your knees, both legs are shifted to the right side. You should not sit on your left foot, but on the floor. In this position, the dua Attahiyyat is pronounced.

Approximate transliteration and translation:

التحيات لله و الصلوات و الطيبات
[At-tahiyyatu lillahi was-salyawatu wat-tayyibat]

Greetings to Allah, prayers and good deeds.

السلام عليك أيها النبي و رحمة الله و بركاته
[As-salamu alaykya ayyuhan-nabiyyu wa rahmatullahi wa barakyatuh]

Peace be upon you, O Prophet, the mercy of Allah and His blessings.

السلام علينا و على عباد الله الصالحين
[As-salamu 'alayna wa 'ala ibadillahis-salihin]

Peace be upon us and the true servants of Allah.

أشهد أن لا إله إلا الله و أشهد أن محمدا عبده و رسوله
[Ashhadu alla ilaha illallah wa ashhadu anna muhammadan abduhu wa rasulyuh]

I bear witness that there is no god but Allah
and I testify that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger.

Attention! When pronouncing the words “la illaha”, you need to raise the index finger of your right hand, and while pronouncing the words “illa Allah”, lower it.

11. If you perform morning prayer (fajr) after pronouncing the dua At-Tahiyat, the greeting (taslim) is pronounced at the end of the prayer. With the words “Assalamu alaikum wa rahmatullah,” turn your head towards your right shoulder, and then - with the same words - towards your left.

If you perform a prayer consisting of more than two rak'ahs, then after pronouncing the dua At-Tahiyat (without saying the greeting of the end of the prayer!), you need to rise to a standing position and perform one more (if you are performing the Maghrib prayer) or two more rak'ahs (if you are performing the Zuhr, Asr, Isha prayers). After completing the last (third or fourth rak'ah), sit down again and say the dua At-Tahiyat again, then say the greeting “Assalamu alaikum wa rahmatullah!”, turning your head first to the right shoulder, then to the left.

After performing the prayer, you can turn to Allah with your personal requests (in any language, not necessarily Arabic).

Note:

In the third and fourth rak'ahs of the obligatory prayer after reading Surah Fatiha, there is no need to read the second sura. If you perform a sunnat prayer consisting of four rak'ahs, then the second surah is pronounced in the third and fourth rak'ahs.

Witr prayer

As mentioned above, Hanafi scholars consider it obligatory to perform Witr prayer: the prayer performed after the night Isha prayer and before the time of Fajr prayer. Witr prayer consists of three rak'ahs. Before committing it, the intention is pronounced approximately as follows: “I intend to perform Witr prayer for the sake of Allah”- it is not indicated whether this is a sunnat or a fard prayer, since there is disagreement among scholars on this issue. In the third rak'ah of this prayer, after reading Surah Al-Fatiha, you need to read a short surah, then say “Allahu Akbar”, raise your hands in the same way as for the opening takbir, then fold them on your chest and say the dua Qunut:

Approximate transliteration:

“Allaahumma inna nasta‘iinuka wa nastakhdiika wa nastagfiruk, wa natuubu ilyaik, wa nu’minu bikya va natavakkyalu ‘alaik, wa nusnii ‘alaikal-haira kullahu, va nashkurukya wa laya nakfuruk, wa nakhlya‘u wa natruku man yafjuruk . Allahumma iyakya na'budu wa lyakya nusalli wa nasjudu, wa ilaikya nas'a va nakhfid, wa narjuu rahmatakya va nakhshaa 'azaabak, inna 'azaabakya bil-kuffaari mulhik.'

“O Allah! We appeal to Your help, ask to lead us along the right path, ask You for forgiveness and repent. We believe and rely on You. We praise You in the best possible way. We thank You and do not deny You. We reject and leave (leave) all those who commit lawlessness. Oh my God! We worship You alone, we pray and bow to the ground before You. We strive and direct ourselves towards You. We hope for Your mercy and fear Your punishment. Verily, Your punishment befalls the atheists!”

If a person has not yet learned the dua Qunut, you can say the following dua:

“Rabbana atina fid-dunya hasanatan, wa fil-aakhyrati hasanatan wa kynaa ‘azaaban-naar.”

“Our Lord! Give us good things in this life and in the future, protect us from the torments of Hell.”

What actions violate prayer?

1. During prayer, you cannot talk or laugh - moreover, loud laughter (that people standing nearby can hear it) violates not only prayer, but also ablution. However, smiling (without sound) does not violate the prayer.

2. You cannot make any sounds or sigh. Sneezing or coughing does not break the prayer.

3. You cannot cry for worldly reasons (crying out of fear of Allah is allowed).

4. You cannot perform multiple small actions unnecessarily (adjusting clothes, scratching). Minor actions done for a good reason are forgiven, but care must be taken to keep them to a minimum.

Superfluous actions are defined, according to the strongest opinion, as actions which, if seen at a distance by an observer who does not know that you are praying, would completely convince him that you are NOT praying. If you have doubts, then this is not an unnecessary action - and it does not violate the prayer. Generally, three continuous major actions are considered superfluous (based on Ibn Abidin's Radd al-Mukhtar).

5. A man and a woman cannot perform namaz while standing in the same row (there must be some distance or barrier).

Frequently asked questions about prayer:

Is it possible to perform namaz using a piece of paper or a book? Beginners often perform namaz by looking at a book or piece of paper with a hint. This should be avoided, because in this case it turns out that you are performing many unnecessary actions that make your prayer invalid.

Is it possible to pray during Haida or Nifas? - No, a woman does not perform prayer during menstruation (haid) and postpartum bleeding (nifas). If she does perform namaz at this time, she falls into sin. For the validity of worship, it is very important to learn how to correctly determine the beginning and end of the haida - because if you start praying before your period has ended, such prayers will not be valid, and vice versa, if you do not pray when your period has already ended, it will turn out that you miss prayers without a valid reason. In both cases, you will have to make up for missed prayers later. You can read about Haida here The prayers missed during this time (Haida and Nifasa) do not need to be made up.

Do I need to make up for missed prayers?- Missed prayers - for any reason (except those missed due to menstruation and postpartum bleeding) - must be made up! So if you overslept the morning prayer or were unable to pray at work or school, you definitely need to make up for these prayers later.

If a person did not begin to pray when he came of age(in particular, a woman - not from the moment when her period began), but at a more mature age, do these prayers need to be replenished? – Yes, such prayers must be completed.

How to pray at work or school?– People often say that they are unable to pray at work or at school. These reasons are not considered valid - you should make every effort to find a time and place for prayer.

What if my parents do not allow me to perform namaz?– Unless there is direct violence against you (for example, you are not threatened with death or serious injury - and you must be confident that the threat will actually be carried out!), and this is unlikely in the case of loved ones, you should begin to pray, despite their dissatisfaction. Your family is not at home all day, they are not watching your every move - so choose a time when you are not being paid attention to, find a quiet place in the house and pray. Be patient and firm in your decision - inshaAllah, over time, your family will come to terms with your choice and will even respect you for your strength of character.

Is it possible for women to read namaz in a separate women's jamaat?(not behind a male imam, but choose some knowledgeable sister and perform prayer behind her). Hanafi scholars consider such an action to be makrooh tahrimi (close to forbidden), so one should refrain from this (although the scholars of the Shafi'i madhhab allow this).

Women sometimes ask: Is it possible to pray with a child in your arms? or what to do if, during prayer, a child climbs onto the mother’s back or into her arms (or touches her): In this article you can read a detailed explanation of this issue “Prayer with a child in your arms”
Muslima (Anya) Kobulova

Based on materials from the Darul-Fikr website

Procedure for performing the midday prayer

The midday prayer consists of four rak'ahs (cycles). It is done as follows:

1. Having previously fulfilled all the conditions necessary to begin performing prayer, face the revered Kaaba, discarding all extraneous thoughts. Turn your heart and attention to Allah, thinking of His Greatness, mercy and love for His creatures, with the awareness that He is watching over you. In this case, the legs should be shoulder-width apart, the feet should be on the same line, the arms should be lowered, the gaze should be directed to the place where the forehead touches when bowing to the ground.

During the entire prayer, women need to show composure of their body: their legs should be together, their hands should be pressed to the body;

2. Intention.

Starting prayer, Necessarily make the intention in your heart to perform the appropriate prayer. Do this at the same time as saying takbira, that is, the words “Allahu Akbar” for entering prayer. For example: “I intend to perform the obligatory (fard) midday prayer for the sake of Allah.”. That is, you must mentally express your intention to perform namaz, indicate in it that you are performing the obligatory (farz) prayer, and what kind of prayer (morning, noon or afternoon, etc.). It is advisable to indicate in the intention whether it is timely prayer or reimbursable, as well as the number of rak'ahs. It should be remembered that prayer is performed only for the sake of Allah.

However, before takbir, first saying the intention aloud is sunnah, and this is done in order to make it easier to focus on it mentally.

3. Saying takbir.

Necessarily stand to say the introductory takbir:

اَللهُ اَكْبَرُ

"Allahu Akbar" (Allah is great). After pronouncing it, you are already in prayer. Takbir and subsequent verbal arcana and prayers should be pronounced so that you yourself can hear the reading, observing, as expected, all the rules of reading and pronouncing letters without distortion, without adding or subtracting a single letter. All prayers must be read only on the exhale.

When pronouncing takbir, it is recommended to raise your hands so that the thumbs are at the level of the earlobes, the palms are directed forward, the remaining fingers are slightly bent and also directed forward.
Women also raise their hands in the same way.

4. Standing.

Necessarily stand while performing ritual prayer, if a person can. In this case, it is recommended to fold your hands below the chest and above the navel so that the right palm is on the wrist of the left hand and holds it.

5. Reading Surah Al-Fatihah(first sura of the Koran).

Necessarily reading Surah Al-Fatihah so that they themselves can hear the reading, observing all the rules of reading (tajweed) and the sequence of verses and pronouncing the letters without distortion. The correct reading of Surah Al-Fatihah must be learned directly from the lips of a competent teacher and this should be done without delay.

If someone cannot recite Surah Al-Fatihah correctly, then he should recite any verses of the Holy Quran whose total number of letters is equivalent to the number of letters in Surah Al-Fatihah (156 letters). If a person knows one or more verses from Surah Al-Fatihah (Basmala is also a verse in Surah Al-Fatihah), he can repeat them so many times to get the same number of letters as in Surah Al-Fatihah ". If a person cannot read anything from the Quran, he should read the words of remembrance of Allah (zikr):

سُبْحانَ اللهِ وَالْحَمْدُ لِلهِ وَلآ إِلهَ إِلاَّ اللهُ واَللهُ اَكْبَرُ

“Subhanallahi, wal-hamdulillahi, wala ilaha illallahu wallahu akbar”
(Allah is pure from all shortcomings, praise and glory be to Allah, there is nothing worthy of worship except Allah, Allah is Great).

The worshiper pronounces these words so many times that there are at least the same number of letters as in Surah Al-Fatihah. For example, it is enough to say the words “Allahu Akbar” twenty times. If a person cannot read either Surah Al-Fatihah or anything else from the Koran, cannot read dhikr (for example, a person who has just accepted faith), then he stands silently for as long as it takes a moderate reading of the sura. Al-Fatiha.

آمينَ يا رَبَّ الْعالَمينَ

"Amin, I am Rabbal-'alamin"

(O Allah, Lord of the worlds, fulfill my request!).

It is also advisable to read at least one or three verses from the Qur'an in the first and second rak'ahs after Surah Al-Fatiha. Before reading Surah Al-Fatihah in the first rak'ah, it is recommended to read the prayer "Iftitah" (see Appendix 5) and then "Isti'az".

6. Bow from the waist(hand ‘).

After reading Surah Al-Fatihah Necessarily bow from the waist so that the palms of both hands rest on the cups of your knees. In this case, the elbows are slightly retracted to the sides, the back, neck and head are on the same straight line. In this position you need to stay in a state of rest. for a while(at least for a time sufficient to pronounce “Subhanallah”). This delay is called "fog". It should be noted that bowing, like all other subsequent actions of prayer, should not be performed for any other purpose than to perform an element of prayer. It is recommended that when performing a waist bow, raise your hands to the level of your ears in the same way as when entering prayer, and say: “Allahu Akbar.” Also, during a bow, it is advisable to say three times:

سُبْحانَ رَبِّيَ الْعَظيمِ وَبِحَمْدِه

“Subhana Rabbiyal-‘azimi va bihamdihi”

(My Great Lord is above all shortcomings, praise be to Him).

7. Straightening(i‘tidal).

Necessarily return after a waist bow to the starting position "standing" and linger in this position for a while (fog). It is recommended during straightening to raise your hands to the level of your ears, as before, and say:

سَمِعَ اللهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ

"Sami'Allahu liman hamidah"

(Allah accepts the praises of the one who praises Him), stretching the pronunciation over the entire period of straightening. After you have finally straightened up, it is advisable to say:

رَبَّنا لَكَ الْحَمْدُ

"Rabbana lakal-hamd"

(O our Lord! Praise be to You!).

8. Prostration(sujud).

Then Necessarily bow to the ground, pressing your forehead to the floor (rug). To do this, first kneel down, then lean forward, rest with both hands on the floor and touch the floor with your forehead. Part of both knees, part of the palms of both hands, the lower part of the toes (while the fingers are pointing towards the Qibla) and part of the forehead (the nose also touches the floor) should touch the floor. At the same time, the weight of the head presses on the forehead. Stay in this position for a while, during which it is recommended to say three times:

سُبْحانَ رَبِّيَ الْأَعْلى وَبِحَمْدِه

"Subhana Rabbiyal-a'la wa bihamdihi"

(My Great Lord is above all shortcomings, praise be to Him).

It is also recommended to say “Allahu Akbar” before performing the earthly bow. When bowing to the ground, it is desirable that the hands be at shoulder level, the fingers are slightly pressed against each other and directed towards the Kaaba. For men, it is recommended that when bowing to the ground, the elbows be laid to the sides and raised from the floor, the stomach does not touch the hips. Women, while bowing to the ground and waist, keep their elbows pressed to the body, and when bowing to the ground, the elbows are also raised from the floor, but the stomach touches the hips.

There should be no barriers between the forehead and the place where it rests, for example, hair, a hat or a scarf, at least part of the forehead should touch the floor directly.

9. Sitting between two prostrations.

Necessarily after bowing to the ground, sit down, while straightening the torso, and stay in this position for a while. When rising from a prostration, it is advisable to say “Allahu Akbar.” While in a sitting position, it is recommended to say:

رَبِّ اغْفِرْ لي وَارْحَمْني وَاجْبُرْني وَارْفَعْني وَارْزُقْني وَاهْدِني وَعافِني

"Rabbigfir li, warhamni, vajburni, warfa'ni, warzukni, vahdini, wa'afini."

(O my Lord! Give me forgiveness, have mercy on me, help me, raise my degree, grant me food, lead me further on the true path and protect me from diseases).

When sitting, it is recommended to tuck your left leg under you so that your foot is under your buttocks, while your right foot is positioned vertically on the floor and rests on your toes pointing forward, towards the Qibla, as if bowing to the ground. This way of sitting is called "Iftirash". It is recommended to place your hands on your knees while sitting, with your fingers pointing towards the Kaaba.

10. Required execute second prostration. It is performed in the same way as the first one. At the same time, bending down and rising, say takbir. With the performance of the second prostration, the first rak'ah (cycle) of prayer ends.

11. After that Necessarily need to stand up full length for execution second rak'ah. To do this, first take the “sitting on your knees” position, then, resting your hands on the floor, palms down, stand up to your full height and take the “standing” position, as at the beginning of the previous rakah. During the ascent, it is recommended to say “Allahu Akbar”. Repeat after this all points from 5 to 10. This ends the second rak'ah.

12. After the second prostration of the second rak'ah (in prayers consisting of 3 or 4 rak'ahs), it is recommended to sit down and read "Tashahhud"(its other name is “At-Tahiyat”, and after it “Salavat” Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). It is advisable to sit in the “iftirash” position (see paragraph 9). If necessary, you can sit on both crossed feet.

It is recommended to keep both hands on your knees. The fingers of the left hand lie on the left knee and are directed towards the Kaaba, the fingers of the right hand lie on the right knee, except for the index, which rises slightly when pronouncing “Illallah” (in “Tashahhud”) and remains in this position until the end of the sitting. In this case, the gaze from the place where the forehead touches is directed to the rising index finger, even if you cannot see it due to darkness or for another reason. The raised finger is slightly bent, the middle, ring and little fingers of the right hand are slightly clenched into a fist, and the thumb is lightly pressed against the index finger.

13. Then Necessarily necessary get up and perform the next two rak'ahs in the same way as described in paragraphs 5 - 11. When getting up on the third rak'ah, it is recommended to raise your hands to the level of your ears, while simultaneously saying “Allahu Akbar.” However, you should not raise your hands before the fourth rak'ah.

14. After performing the second sajda in the last rakah Necessarily sit down and read “Tashahhud” and “Salavat”. It is recommended to hold your hands as indicated in paragraph 12. The index finger is slightly raised when pronouncing “Illallah” and remains in this position until the end of the prayer. It is recommended to sit on the floor, bending your left leg and putting it under your right leg, which remains in the same position as when bowing to the ground (Fig.9). This way of sitting is called "tawarruk".
However, after “Tashahhud” it is recommended to read “as-Salat al-Ibrahimiya” in full, then it is advisable to say dua. You can also read this famous dua:

اَللّهُمَّ إِنّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ عَذابِ جَهَنَّمَ وَمِنْ عَذابِ الْقَبْرِ وَمِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْمَحْيا وَالْمَماتِ وَمِنْ شَرِّ فِتْنَةِ الْمَسيحِ الدَّجّالِ

“Allahumma inni a‘u h u bik min 'a h abi jahannama wa min 'a h abil-kabri wa min fitnatil-makhya val-mamati wa min sharri fitnatil-masihi-ddajjali.”

(O Allah! I seek help and salvation from You from the torments of Hell, and from the torments of the grave, from the delusions of life and death and from the evil of the turmoil of the false messiah Dajjal).

15. Final “Salaam”.

Completing the prayer, Necessarily pronounce "As-Salamu 'alaikum", but it is recommended to say:

اَلسَّلامُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَرَحْمَةُ اللهِ

“As-Salamu ‘alaikum wa rahmatullah”, turning your head first to the right, then to the left. The midday prayer ends with the recitation of these words.

Procedure for performing afternoon and night prayers

Afternoon and night prayers are performed in the same way as midday prayers. The intention should indicate that the obligatory afternoon (or night) prayer is performed. In the first two rak'ahs of the night prayer, men are recommended to read a short surah out loud after Surah Al-Fatihah. This is also allowed for women if there are no strangers nearby.

Procedure for performing evening namza

The three rak'ahs of the evening prayer are performed in the same way as the first three rak'ahs of the night prayer, but with the intention of performing the obligatory evening prayer. After the second sajda of the third rak'ah, paragraphs 14 and 15.

Procedure for performing morning prayer

The two rakats of the morning prayer are performed in the same way as the first two rakats of the night prayer, but with the intention of performing the obligatory morning prayer.

After the second sajdah of the second rak'ah, perform paragraphs 14 and 15. Also after saying "Rabbana lakal-hamd", straightening up after bowing from the waist (in i'tidal) the second rak'ah, it is recommended to read the dua "Qunut".

"It was narrated by Imams an-Nawawi and Ibn Hibban that one day a certain person came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and asked: “O Messenger of Allah! Truly, I cannot learn to read the Koran. Teach me what will replace reading the Koran.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) replied: “Say: subhanallahi, wal-hamdulillahi, wala ilaha illallahu wallahu akbar, wala hawla wala quwwata illya billahil-'aliyil-'azim."
“In another saying, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “If you can read the Koran, then read it. If not, then read: al-hamdu lillah, la ilaha illallah, Allahu akbar.”

“When reading “Salavat” in “Tashahhud” of obligatory prayers, the word “sallim” is not pronounced. “Tashahhud” is read without this word.”

"Having said “Salam” and turning your head to the right, it is advisable to mentally greet all the believers (people, angels and jinn) who are on your right side. Then, in the same way, turn your head to the left and say “Salam”, while mentally making the intention to greet everyone believers on your left."