P First woman in space

1963 The first woman in space. June 16, 1963, on board spaceship"Vostok-6, Soviet cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova became the first woman to travel in space. After 71 hours in space and 48 revolutions around the Earth, she returned to Earth, having spent more time in outer space than all American astronauts put together until then. After her historic flight into space, she was awarded the Order of Lenin and the Star of a Hero of the Soviet Union. Not a single interview! There were dozens of stupid reports in those days about how she was scared and asked to be taken out of the spacecraft when the hatch was closed, about how Khrushchev forced her to marry Cosmonaut No. 3 Andrian Nikolaev. A daughter was born from these two astronauts and they still hide it from people.

Valentina Tereshkova weaver. The decision to be the first to fly into space was the result of Khrushchev's ambitions. Officially, Valentina's biography is as follows: an ordinary girl from the village of Maslennikovo, Yaroslavl Region. Her father died at the front. The mother took care of three children. Valentina at the age of seventeen went to work in a garment factory. She had to earn money. On weekends she went to the flying club and went skydiving. In 1962, she turned twenty-five and was chosen to train for space flight.

After the flight of Yuri Gagarin, all flying clubs are looking for girls paratroopers. Khrushchev wanted a Soviet woman to become, like Gagarin, also the first to fly into space. At that time, Tereshkova was already the secretary of the Komsomol organization of a weaving factory in Yaroslavl, although her father died without a trace in the Soviet-Finnish War of 1939. Dmitry Yazov helps Valentina find a mass grave where her father, Vladimir Aksenovich Tereshkov, is buried.

The first set of female cosmonauts in the detachment consisted of five women. But Valentina Tereshkova, Irina Solovieva and Valentina Ponomareva turned out to be the most suitable and reliable. Ponomareva had a higher education and participated in the All-Union competition of sports flights. Solovieva was a graduate of the Ural Polytechnic Institute, a master of parachuting, who made more than 700 jumps. Valentina Tereshkova did not have a higher education and she had the first category in parachuting. She did not have amazing success in the preparation process. She did not always perform all the tests with excellent marks. But the committee approved it for the upcoming space flight. There are several reasons for this. After the triumph of Gagarin, it was already clear that the future cosmonaut would have to travel a lot, and she talks about the achievements of the Soviet system. Val had such a Komsomol experience. The second reason was that Korolev wanted one of the girls to go into outer space on the next "female" flight. And for this he planned Solovyov or Ponomarev. It was kept secret for decades.

On June 14, 1963, the Vostok-5 rocket carried Valery Bykovsky into space. Scheduled for The next day after this event, the launch of "Vostok - 6" with Valentina Tereshkova passed without problems. And here is what Valentina Tereshkova says about what happened to the spacecraft in orbit: “there was an inaccuracy in the automatic program of the ship: it reacted quite the opposite to manual control actions. It went out of orbit, with each turn.” Tereshkova could not eliminate this problem and this knew the Queen. Only on the second day, new system data, the accuracy of entering the planned orbit began to increase. "Sergey Pavlovich asked me not to talk about it. And so, I kept it a secret for decades - explains Valentina Vladimirovna. - But now I can speak freely." There were many rumors about it. that Valentina had difficulty enduring weightlessness. The spacecraft had only dry rations. In the end, it turned out that there were many problems with a three-day flight. During the flight it was forbidden to remove the suit. On the second day she felt pain in her right leg, lower leg. On the third day, the pain is already difficult to bear. Her shoulders were under intense pressure from the tightly fitting helmet. The itching on my head was unbearable. "I wanted normal earthly food - bread, potatoes and onions. Instead, there was only dry bread in slices," says Tereshkova. She admits that she felt sick, but not because of a vestibular disorder, but because of food.

Another problem arose during landing. “When I ejected, I experienced a quiet horror - the astronaut confessed for the first time after 44 years of flight. - I was under a lake. An astronaut cannot control a large and heavy parachute that opened at an altitude of 4 km. My first thought was, Lord, now I have to fall into water."
The astronauts were trained to land in the water. But they do not have the strength to stay above the water after many hours of flight. HER happiness is that she flew over the lake. On the ground, a strong wind dragged her behind a huge dome. She was in a heavy space suit that constrained her movements...

"I hit very hard with a helmet - said Tereshkova - and got a big bruise."
The doctors had to hide the bruises - can't an astronaut girl stand next to the head of the country in bruises? Khrushchev did not force Tereshkova to marry another cosmonaut, Andrian Nikolaev. This is a fabrication. Thirty-five-year-old Andrian began courting twenty-six-year-old Valentina a year before the flight. And five months after returning from Valentina's flight, they got married. A week after the wedding on November 10, 1963, General Nikolai Kamanin wrote in his diary: "Their marriage will probably be useful for science, but I'm not entirely sure that Valya loves Andrian. They are too different: he is like fire, and he - like water. Two strong-willed people, others.... "Ultimately, Andrian and Valentina lived together for 19 years. A year after their wedding, daughter Alena was born.

In the late 60s, Valentina was fully engaged in public work: a member of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, vice-president of the International Women's Federation. "Iron Lady", they called her in those years. Tereshkova was a strong, determined and strong-willed person who created the impression that she was making a nomenklatura career with joy and pleasure.

And the truth is that Valentina became bored with party work, although she felt her responsibility. She did not receive a penny for public work. All these years she worked as an instructor-cosmonaut of a cosmonaut corps at the Cosmonaut Training Center, where they were paid. And there was a dream of a new flight. She tried to re-enter the cosmonaut corps. Tereshkova remained in the detachment, and in 1982 she could even be appointed commander of the female crew of the Soyuz spacecraft. "I'm ready to fly to Mars and even if I don't come back." But after the death of Gagarin, the "first persons" decided to keep it. They let Tereshkova know that Valentina would not wear a space suit. On April 30, 1997, Tereshkova left the detachment of the last of the 1962 women's recruitment due to reaching the age limit. Since 1997, she has been a senior researcher at the Cosmonaut Training Center. “If I had money, now I would be happy to fly,” Tereshkova once admitted. - For many years she was interested in everything related to Mars. It was the dream of the first detachment of astronauts - to fly to Mars. "Oh, if only I could do it! I'm ready to fly there and never even come back."

Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova became the first woman in the Russian army with the rank of Air Force General. In addition, she has a Ph.D. She has two grandchildren - Alexey and Andrey. A weather vane in the form of two seagulls is installed on the roof of a red brick house built in the Star City area. This is the memory of her conquest of space.

Gulnara Mammadova

Wall newspaper- this is a wonderful project for joint creativity with a child! I bring to your attention wall newspaper, which can be performed together with pupils in preparation for the holiday Day astronautics. Today I'm showing you how to do it. wall newspaper by April 12 - Cosmonautics Day.

Wall newspaper on the theme of space and Cosmonautics Day this is a wonderful opportunity to introduce children to the history of the day astronautics and talk to them about space. Wall newspaper will tell a lot of interesting and not seen before. The work was done on A1 paper. Prepared pictures and texts are printed and cut out. Everything is printed and glued on. And also under each circle are hidden riddles.

On an airship

Space, obedient,

We, overtaking the wind,

We rush on.

(rocket)

The rocket has a driver

Weightlessness lover.

In English: "astronaut",

And in Russian …

(Astronaut)

Special spacecraft,

It sends signals to Earth to everyone.

Like a lonely mysterious traveler

Flies in orbit artificial.

(satellite)

The very first in outer space

Flying at great speed

Brave Russian boy

Our astronaut.

(Gagarin)

Target: development of cognitive and creative activity, instilling interest in learning space and the history of astronautics; fostering a sense of patriotism and citizenship.

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April 12 - Aviation and Cosmonautics Day. This is a special, triumphant holiday! No wonder the whole world celebrates it! In 1961, April 12 at 6.

Leisure for Cosmonautics Day FGBDOU "Child Development Center - Kindergarten No. 1 "UD of the President of the Russian Federation Leisure time dedicated to the Day of Cosmonautics Compiled by: educator of the secondary.

We have always dreamed of flying into space! Cosmonautics Day is a holiday that marks the opening of a new, space era in the development of mankind.

Educational environment for Cosmonautics Day. WE BUILT A ROCKET FLY IN IT NOW LET THE ROCKET CARRY US HIGH AND FAR! One of the most.

Entertainment for Cosmonautics Day Preparatory group. Entertainment dedicated to the day of Cosmonautics Purpose: To instill in children respect for the work of people whose work is connected.

The children and I talked about the upcoming holiday. We watched a presentation dedicated to the first astronauts: the first animals that.

The script of the holiday for the Day of Cosmonautics Teacher MBDOU kindergarten "Ryabinushka" Tokhtobina Olga Viktorovna Scenario of the holiday for the day of cosmonautics. Moderator: Hello dear.

The guys and I decided to prepare in advance for Cosmonautics Day and make a wall newspaper. Everyone quickly got to work. For work we needed:

The wall newspaper is a wonderful project for joint creativity with a child! How? Have you ever made wall newspapers before?! Try it and you will definitely like it! This is a very exciting activity!

Wall newspapers are usually thematic and dedicated to some event, the first birthday, for example, memorable date or holiday. They can decorate the house, or you can decorate the kindergarten! Imagine how nice it will be for a child to see the result of your joint work with him in the building where he spends 8 hours a day, 40 hours a week! Think about the role these wall newspapers can play in the development of his personality, his leadership qualities and self-confidence.

Thought? Excellent! Today I'm telling you how to make a wall newspaper by April 12 - Cosmonautics Day.

The simplest is to find ready-made templates online and print. I love coloring templates that are immediately divided into A4 sheets.

1. Download the layout of the wall newspaper, for example, from here www.stengazet.net and print.

2. Glue into one. We usually use a glue stick for this, sometimes, however, the seams have to be glued for reliability with adhesive tape on the back.

3. Coloring! This is the most exciting activity. A three-year-old child will be happy to help and color to the best of his ability, and even new skates and a helmet are not a hindrance to him.


No need to rush and paint everything in one sitting. Stretch the fun! It usually takes us about a week to produce one newspaper. Every day, 40 minutes of coloring after a hard day's work will help you relax, and give your child the opportunity to communicate with you. Think about it, a child visiting the garden sees you on average one hour in the morning (when you struggle with yourself so as not to fall asleep on the go) and three hours in the evening (when you are already tired), i.e. he only sees you 4 hours a day and can't help but miss talking to you. Such a simple matter, like making a wall newspaper, will solve the problem of your lack of attention as productively as possible for both parties.
And even though his coloring is far from perfect and the strokes go beyond the lines, this will only add charm to your joint creation.


4. After everything is colored, we fill in the fields intended for this with text and pictures.
Since this year, on March 9, it was the 80th anniversary of the birth of Yuri Gagarin, the first cosmonaut in the history of Mankind, the content of our newspaper is mainly devoted to him.


If you want to repeat - go for it!

Photo by Yuri Alekseevich


Gagarin's autograph about his impressions of the flight.


I took information about the first flight from Wikipedia.

The font of the text of the poem must be chosen so that the poem occupies half of the A4 sheet, for this you can combine two lines into one, as I did.

All the planets in order

All the planets in order
Call any of us:
Once - Mercury,
Two - Venus,
Three - Earth,
Four is Mars.
Five - Jupiter,
Six - Saturn,
Seven - Uranus,
Behind him is Neptune.
He is eighth in a row.
And after him already, then,
And the ninth planet
called Pluto.



Or this verse can also be used:

Yuri Gagarin

In a space rocket
Named "East"
He is the first on the planet
I was able to climb to the stars.
Sing songs about it
Spring drops:
Forever will be together
Gagarin and April.



In addition to the wall newspaper, on the eve of the holiday, you can visit a thematic exhibition or museum with your child. In St. Petersburg, by the way, near the Peter and Paul Fortress, where the Museum of Cosmonautics and Rocketry is located, every year in honor of this holiday there is a mass launch of home-made rockets. You can develop the theme of space by watching thematic cartoons, documentary footage of Gagarin's first flight, the landing of Americans on the moon, a film about the first lunar rover, etc. etc.

And this is a 1969 documentary "Yuri Gagarin".

The wall newspaper is a wonderful project for joint creativity with a child! How? Have you ever made wall newspapers before?! Try it and you will definitely like it! This is a very exciting activity!

Wall newspapers are usually thematic and dedicated to some event, first birthday, for example, a memorable date or holiday. They can decorate the house, or you can decorate the kindergarten! Imagine how nice it will be for a child to see the result of your joint work with him in the building where he spends 8 hours a day, 40 hours a week! Think also about the role these wall newspapers can play in the development of his personality, his leadership qualities and self-confidence.

Thought? Excellent! Today I'm telling you how to make a wall newspaper by April 12 - Cosmonautics Day.

The simplest thing is to find ready-made templates on the Internet and print them out. I love coloring templates that are immediately divided into A4 sheets.

1. Download the layout of the wall newspaper, for example, from here www.stengazet.net and print.

2. Glue into one. We usually use a glue stick for this, sometimes, however, the seams have to be glued for reliability with adhesive tape on the back.

3. Coloring! This is the most exciting activity. A three-year-old child will be happy to help and color to the best of his ability, and even new skates and a helmet are not a hindrance to him.


No need to rush and paint everything in one sitting. Stretch the fun! It usually takes us about a week to produce one newspaper. Every day, 40 minutes of coloring after a hard day's work will help you relax, and give your child the opportunity to communicate with you. Think about it, a child visiting the garden sees you on average one hour in the morning (when you struggle with yourself so as not to fall asleep on the go) and three hours in the evening (when you are already tired), i.e. he only sees you 4 hours a day and can't help but miss talking to you. Such a simple matter, like making a wall newspaper, will solve the problem of your lack of attention as productively as possible for both parties.
And even though his coloring is far from perfect and the strokes go beyond the lines, this will only add charm to your joint creation.


4. After everything is colored, we fill in the fields intended for this with text and pictures.
Since this year, on March 9, it was the 80th anniversary of the birth of Yuri Gagarin, the first cosmonaut in the history of Mankind, the content of our newspaper is mainly devoted to him.


If you want to repeat - go for it!

Photo by Yuri Alekseevich


Gagarin's autograph about his impressions of the flight.


I took information about the first flight from Wikipedia.

The font of the text of the poem must be chosen so that the poem occupies half of the A4 sheet, for this you can combine two lines into one, as I did.

All the planets in order

All the planets in order
Call any of us:
Once - Mercury,
Two - Venus,
Three - Earth,
Four is Mars.
Five - Jupiter,
Six - Saturn,
Seven - Uranus,
Behind him is Neptune.
He is eighth in a row.
And after him already, then,
And the ninth planet
called Pluto.



Or this verse can also be used:

Yuri Gagarin

In a space rocket
Named "East"
He is the first on the planet
I was able to climb to the stars.
Sing songs about it
Spring drops:
Forever will be together
Gagarin and April.



In addition to the wall newspaper, on the eve of the holiday, you can visit a thematic exhibition or museum with your child. In St. Petersburg, by the way, near the Peter and Paul Fortress, where the Museum of Cosmonautics and Rocketry is located, every year in honor of this holiday there is a mass launch of home-made rockets. You can develop the theme of space by watching thematic cartoons, documentary footage of Gagarin's first flight, the landing of Americans on the moon, a film about the first lunar rover, etc. etc.

And this is a 1969 documentary "Yuri Gagarin".

Tatiana Petrovskaya

The issue of the newspaper is dedicated to the 55th anniversary of the first human flight in space.

Target: Expand and deepen children's knowledge about outer space.

Tasks:- Consolidate existing ideas about space and the first cosmonaut Yu A. Gagarin;

Expand the horizons of children and develop their imagination;

Cultivate a sense of patriotism and pride in the Fatherland.

Newspaper headline "12 April Cosmonautics Day". Further portrait of the first astronaut, under the portrait the following text "12 April 1961, a spacecraft was launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome"Vostok-1", which was piloted by Senior Lieutenant Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin. His understudy was German Titov.

Gagarin's ship made only one orbit around the Earth, having stayed in space 108 minutes. But for humanity, these minutes marked the onset of the era of manned space flights. "

Two building illustrations solar system. One from a textbook on astronomy, the other is more understandable for preschoolers.

The rest of the fragments of the newspaper are paper rockets. (origami) with photographs of children. This is for creating festive mood. The children enjoyed reading the text. They remembered what they already knew. We exchanged impressions. The children liked the paper very much.

Related publications:

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Children together with teachers in this wall newspaper are presented in the form of some animal or insect. Each child chooses for himself.

April Fool's Day - April 1! Celebrate today! And better, a whole week You have fun and dance. And most importantly, jokes are not allowed today.

April 12 - Cosmonautics Day. Guys preparatory group No. 8 and middle group No. 2 of our garden prepared very responsibly for this date.

April 1st is celebrated in many countries around the world. fun party"Day of laughter". Everyone is laughing, having fun, joking, playing tricks on each other.

April is here! And with him, and cheerful and joyful holiday- DAY OF LAUGHTER! We decided to please our kids and made a fun one for them.

While putting the kids to bed, I drew a few emoticons, the staff helped me cut them out. Attached them to the walls of the music hall.