The third trimester of pregnancy (from 26 to 39 weeks) for each woman proceeds individually. Expectant mothers by this time are already getting used to the constant feeling of heaviness and sluggishness, adapting to new forms. 31 weeks of pregnancy for many is accompanied by severe fatigue and fatigue. That is why maternity leave is issued after the 30th week of pregnancy, when a woman can no longer perform the necessary work.

Maternity leave

31 weeks of pregnancy is the first week of the expectant mother's legal rest. Many women have already taken maternity leave. Having received a well-deserved rest, they enjoy the last months of their freedom. Some people prefer to walk more in their free time. fresh air eat a healthy diet and do the necessary physical activity. But most often, expectant mothers, due to constant fatigue, spend a lot of time lying in bed or on the couch, trying not to burden their tired back. Despite this, we should not forget that physical activity is necessary for pregnant women to prepare the body for the difficult process of childbirth.

Pregnancy: 30-31 weeks, body changes

The body of a pregnant woman at this time undergoes major changes. As a result of hormonal adjustment, relaxation of all muscle tissues of the body occurs. As a result of this, such an unpleasant phenomenon as varicose veins can occur. By this time, the minimum weight gain of a woman should be 8 kilograms, which seriously affects all body functions. Weight at 31 weeks of pregnancy can begin to increase dramatically due to various disorders in the body of a woman, so you should carefully monitor the diet, keep healthy lifestyle life.

Due to the growth of the fetus, the uterus increases in size and rises higher, which can provoke regular heartburn, its symptoms are especially pronounced when a woman is in a supine position. In addition, the rapidly growing uterus puts a lot of pressure on everything. internal organs the female body, which makes it difficult for them to function naturally. Pregnancy (30-31 weeks) is accompanied by the adaptation of all body systems to a new regimen, which can significantly worsen a woman's well-being. The main discomfort for the expectant mother is caused by regular shortness of breath. It is caused by a lack of oxygen, as the compressed lungs cannot function to their full potential. For prevention, you should often walk in the fresh air, away from polluted and dusty city streets.

To get rid of heartburn, you need to establish proper nutrition. To do this, you should eat in small portions, but often enough (up to 6 times a day). The volume of food consumed at one time should be no more than 200 grams. Thanks to such a nutrition system, it will be easier for the digestive tract to cope with its function, and the woman's well-being will improve significantly.

31 weeks pregnant - how many months?

At 31 weeks pregnant future mom has been carrying a baby for 7.5 months. There are about 10 weeks left before the birth, but this is conditional. Not every woman bears a child for exactly 9 months: labor can begin even at 37 weeks - this is also considered the norm. Everything is approximate here, in each individual case it all depends on the individual characteristics of the female body.

Woman's well-being

Most expectant mothers note the appearance of pain in the hip joints. The hormone relaxin, secreted by the body to prepare the osseous and ligamentous apparatus for the upcoming birth, relaxes the hip bones, which provokes pain. The increased weight of a woman also affects the state of the bone apparatus. As a result, she experiences discomfort and pain. Sometimes these symptoms can develop so much that it becomes difficult for a woman to rise to her feet from a sitting position, and it is also difficult to move around. So, it's 31 weeks pregnant. The weight of the child is constantly increasing, so along with this, the well-being of the mother will worsen. Do not worry, these symptoms are quite natural and will continue until the end of pregnancy and even into the postpartum period.

Some women report increased pain in the perineum and in the pubic bone. These symptoms should be reported to the doctor. Headaches can also become more frequent, there are many reasons for their frequent occurrence, and in most cases this is not a pathology. The only exceptions are sharp attacks with blurred vision and darkening of the eyes.

Also one of the most common annoyances on this period is insomnia. It is at this stage that various interruptions in sleep can occur. This may be due to the regimen of the fetus and is not a pathology.

The period after 31 weeks of pregnancy is associated with great psychological experiences. The expectant mother begins to think more often about the upcoming birth, she develops fear and fear for their normal course. You should not give these fears a place, you should calm yourself down by thinking about happy motherhood.

To distract from unpleasant thoughts, you should occupy yourself with interesting things. Many women are waiting for maternity leave to go shopping. It is necessary to collect a bag for the hospital, buy everything you need before the baby is born. You can also do the arrangement of the children's room or corner. This work is creative, it requires a lot of effort, so this pastime will help you forget about bad health and vain fears.

It must be remembered that a pregnant woman should not be nervous, because the baby is already very sensitive to the psychological state of the mother, there is no need to cause discomfort to the child with restless behavior.

Women's consultation at 31 weeks

At the next visit to the obstetrician-gynecologist, pregnant women need to measure weight, blood pressure, and also take a smear from the vagina. Analyzes must be carried out to prevent any health disorders. Many women develop an unpleasant disease due to reduced immunity - thrush. If pathogens of the disease are found in the smear, the doctor will prescribe the necessary treatment, since this disease must be treated without fail before the onset of childbirth.

You should consult your doctor about wearing a bandage: it will greatly facilitate your life by helping to maintain a voluminous stomach. In the case of an incorrect intrauterine position of the child, you will be advised to perform some exercises that contribute to its change.

31 weeks of pregnancy is the period when an exchange card is issued to a woman. This is the main document for admission to the hospital. It contains all the information about the course of your pregnancy, test results, weight, ultrasound results. It is advisable to put the exchange card in the birth bag. When premature start labor activity, it will be in the right place. In addition, during this period, you should receive a birth certificate, which is necessary to improve the quality of medical care.

anxiety symptoms

The fetus at 31 weeks of gestation enters the main stage of growth, so the expectant mother needs to carefully monitor her own weight gain, which should be no more than 300 grams per week. If, with a normal and healthy diet, weight increases more than this norm, it is necessary to check with a doctor in a antenatal clinic, because rapid weight gain may indicate internal edema.

At this time, various complications of pregnancy may occur. They must be known in order to warn in time. You need to see a doctor if:

• Ripples are felt in the eyes, which may indicate increased pressure or the development of internal edema.
• Edema in the legs does not go away in the morning, which indicates problems with the kidneys or preeclampsia.
• There is constant severe fatigue, indicating late toxicosis.
• Convulsions, which may indicate late toxicosis.
• Headaches are also a symptom of either preeclampsia or high blood pressure.
• Dizziness - is an unfavorable sign of an increase / decrease blood pressure or gestosis.
• Polyhydramnios and oligohydramnios occurring at 30-31 weeks of gestation can be detected by ultrasound.
• Acute respiratory diseases of the mother - can affect various problems during pregnancy.
• Diarrhea in a woman can occur due to serious hormonal changes in the body, but this phenomenon should be carefully considered, as it may indicate various infectious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

A very careful attitude requires from a woman such a period as 31 weeks of pregnancy. Allocations should be normal, even a slight change should be carefully monitored. Beware if leakage occurs amniotic fluid. Norm - if their number is not more than the volume of a tablespoon. Also, keep a close eye on the change in color of the discharge. Even slight traces of blood can indicate a threat to the health of the baby. You should also alert the symptoms of thrush (curdled, mucous discharge with a specific smell).

Fetal condition

During this period, the intensive growth of the fetus begins, its development continues. When the 31st week of pregnancy comes, the weight of the fetus increases (it reaches 1,600 g and grows to 41 cm). The baby becomes cramped in the mother's belly; trying to adapt to new conditions, the child takes a certain position that is convenient for him: a folded position with crossing of the limbs. Many babies during this period take a permanent prenatal position - head down, which should normally be maintained until the onset of labor.

Every day the fetus grows, the features of his face become thinner, the nose takes on a certain shape, the cartilaginous tissue of the auricles and neck thickens. Eyes develop - a child at 31 weeks of gestation can distinguish between light and darkness, open and close his eyes, focus his eyes, and squint. In addition, the child at this time shows the so-called corneal reflex: if the eyes are accidentally touched, the baby reacts by squinting them.

Actively working nervous system fetus: the convolutions of the brain continue to form, the lung tissue becomes more mature, surfactant is released - thanks to this, after birth, the baby can take his first breath. The liver at this age begins to secrete bile, preparing for its main function - cleansing the body of toxins. The pancreas also begins to work, producing insulin.

The skin of the baby is still quite wrinkled, has a red tint. Blood capillaries shine through the skin, as it is still quite thin. The baby's nails are actively growing, by the end of the week they will reach the end of the fingers. It is from such a period as the 31st week of pregnancy that the weight of the child begins to noticeably and rapidly increase due to the accumulation of subcutaneous fat, which is necessary for proper heat transfer after birth.

Some babies already have their own sleep and wake patterns. You can note how the child begins to move more actively and calm down at certain times of the day. The movements become stronger, sometimes causing considerable pain to the expectant mother. The child stretches the arms and legs, falling into different directions of the mother's tummy. As a result, you can experience serious discomfort. Too active fetal movement at this time can be a signal of a lack of oxygen for the baby or talk about the uncomfortable position of the mother, causing him discomfort.

You should carefully listen to the behavior of the baby: if the child does not move for several hours, you should immediately seek the advice of a doctor. The norm is if the child makes at least 10 movements within 12 hours.

Floor

The gender of the baby can be determined with accuracy from the 20th week of pregnancy. Nevertheless, for a period of 31 weeks, the genitals of babies continue to take shape. In boys, the testicles have not yet descended into the scrotum. The labia in girls is also still open.

twin pregnancy

Maternity leave for a woman pregnant with twins must be issued as early as 28 weeks. This is due to a double burden on the female body, because the woman's increased weight complements the feeling of discomfort. The length of each of the twins is already about 40 cm, and the weight is about 1500 grams. Since two of them are quite crowded in the mother's stomach, their mobility is limited. Nevertheless, it is necessary to carefully listen to the behavior of the kids, to monitor their movements. Future mothers of wonderful twins must follow all the doctor's recommendations, lead a healthy lifestyle, do not overwork, rest, lead a moderately active lifestyle.

31 weeks of pregnancy with twins is accompanied by increased fatigue of the mother. This state should be tolerated, because two small miracles will soon appear at once!

ultrasound

As a rule, at such a period as 31 weeks of pregnancy, another ultrasound examination is prescribed. Its purpose is to make sure that the development of the baby is normal. Ultrasound in this period shows the active formation of the brain, the iris of the eye. The physician should analyze the following developmental parameters.

31 weeks of pregnancy, ultrasound, norms:

• biparietal size (not less than 73 mm, not more than 87);
• head circumference (280 to 300 mm);
• the circumference of the tummy should be from 247 to 301 mm;
• humerus length (50 - 60 mm);
• fronto-occipital size (273 to 315 mm);
• femur length (54 - 64 mm);
• forearm length (44-52 mm);
• length of the tibia (51-59 mm);
• 31 weeks pregnant, fetal weight approximately 1500 g;
• height - 40 cm.

If any abnormalities are found during ultrasound at 31 weeks of gestation, the doctor will individually select the necessary treatment. It is imperative to visit a antenatal clinic in a timely manner to monitor the condition of the fetus, its development and its own health.

You are getting closer to giving birth. By and large, they can begin at any moment, despite the fact that the allotted time has not yet come. And although at 31 weeks the baby has a great chance of surviving, the process prenatal development and maturation is by no means finished.

Fetus at 31 weeks gestation: movements, development, weight and size

Masik's eyes are already quite well developed: he distinguishes between light and darkness, can focus his gaze, open and close his eyelids, squint. At the 31st week of pregnancy, a “corneal reflex” can be observed in a child: if he touches an open eye, he will immediately screw it up.

This week, the nails will almost reach the end of the fingers.

The brain convolutions continue to form, nerve cells work very actively, lung tissue improves, further releasing surfactant. Thanks to this, the baby will be able to inhale his first air - this substance prevents the empty alveoli from sticking together.

The liver is also actively developing: it already secretes bile, and from the 31st week of pregnancy it is preparing to cleanse the blood of the unborn child from toxins. The pancreas of the crumbs already produces its own insulin, it will begin to produce the enzymes necessary for digesting food only after birth.

Most of the children at this time are already turning their heads down, from this position at the appointed time they will begin their journey to new world. However, a certain percentage of babies do not take this most physiological position for childbirth. But you should not immediately get upset: it is quite possible that in the next week the baby will still move to the correct position.

In general, the child quickly builds up mass: at 31 weeks, he weighs an average of 1500 g and has grown to 41 cm. The skin turns pink, but capillaries are still visible through it - there is not enough subcutaneous tissue yet.

Your baby has already managed to develop his own sleep and wakefulness regimen: now you can notice that the baby reminds of himself at a certain time of the day. Moreover, he can even “remind” very actively, sometimes causing pain to his mother with his strong pushes and kicks. Each next movement of the baby can bring a woman tangible discomfort in the area of ​​​​the ribs, in the intestines or bladder, in the groin, in the back - it depends on where the baby rests, stretching out the leg or handle.

The number and nature of the movements should be monitored further: too frequent, painful movements of the baby can be a signal of a lack of oxygen, indicating an uncomfortable position for him adopted by his mother. You should be alarmed if the movements of the crumbs are not felt for several hours, in which case it is advisable to go to the doctor as soon as possible, who will listen to the baby's heartbeat and determine if everything is in order with him.

In general, at 31 weeks, the mother feels about 10 movements of the baby for 12 hours, or up to 4 movements per hour.

Future mom

The baby is growing and gaining weight very intensively. But you should get no more than 300 g per week - watch your increase. Now the expectant mother fully feels the burden of pregnancy: it’s awkward to walk, it’s hard to breathe, it’s uncomfortable to sleep ... If you didn’t suffer before or they disturbed you only occasionally, now you are more likely to encounter this trouble more closely.

Keep track of swelling, pressure and general well-being. If by the morning the swelling of the legs does not go away, and you feel tired, and also if your eyes ripple, your legs cramp, your head hurts and you skid when cornering, you should visit the doctor earlier.
However, now you will visit the clinic quite often. You will need to take repeated ones, and if you have, then even more often than others.

Vaginal swabs will definitely be taken from you, because due to reduced immunity, thrush may develop or resume, and it must be cured by childbirth. You should also get your hands on: now this is your most important document. You should carry it with you all the time, because it is according to the records in the exchange card that the doctor will coordinate his actions in the event of your admission to the maternity hospital.

Be sure to ask your doctor how your baby is positioned. The correct presentation is head down. In this case, it will be useful to wear. If the baby lay down differently, ask about exercises that will help you correct the situation. In this case, do not use the bandage yet.

Do not forget that the baby feels your mood and state. Communicate with him daily, please yourself and his pleasant activities, enjoy the last weeks of peace: very soon you will have a lot of pleasant worries.

Pain at 31 weeks pregnant

As the uterus grows, the body weight of the pregnant woman also increases. Accordingly, the load on the legs, knee joints and back increases, the internal organs and systems of the body work "at full".

Therefore, it is not surprising if by the 31st week they increase - as a result of a shift in the center of gravity and increased load. It is very important to develop the correct posture and adhere to simple rules: do not walk for a long time, do not sit on chairs without a back, do not lie on your back, do not cross your legs, wear comfortable shoes.

The body is now working in preparation for the upcoming birth: the pelvic bones soften and diverge somewhat, which is the reason for possible pain in the perineum and sacrum. At the same time, pay attention to whether the pain affects the pubis - pain in the pubic bone indicates the possible development of symphysitis.

Due to the compression of the intestines by the uterus, a decrease in the tone of the smooth muscles of the esophagus, many pregnant women suffer from constipation. And constipation, as you know, is one of the first steps to the development of hemorrhoids, which, like any other disease, is better to prevent than to eliminate later. Therefore, pay attention to painful manifestations in the anus - pain in this part may portend hemorrhoids.

Belly at 31 weeks pregnant: pulls, hurts

Do not leave without reaction and abdominal pain that occurs at 31 weeks of pregnancy. You can certainly distinguish the painful sensations associated with digestive disorders from other pathological pains. And if the stomach at the 31st week of pregnancy pulls and hurts, this is, nevertheless, more a pathology than a norm.

For example, the stomach can hurt due to detachment of a normally located placenta. Yes, placental abruption in most cases is accompanied by outward signs- the appearance of bleeding. However, bleeding can be internal, and in this case, the separation of blood from the genital tract is not observed. But there are severe pains in the lower abdomen - the stomach can sometimes hurt so much that it is impossible to touch it.

Pain in the abdomen - pulling, aching, lasting for a long time- may indicate an increased tone of the uterus and the associated risk of preterm birth. If your stomach hurts and has been pulling for several hours in a row, do not wait for “weather from the sea”, it is better to immediately go for a consultation with a doctor.

A very serious condition, which, among other things, is accompanied by abdominal pain, can be a condition called preeclampsia. Preeclampsia is a preliminary stage of eclampsia itself, the last form of preeclampsia, which is a dangerous condition for the health and life of the mother and child. The main signs of preeclampsia are headache, "flies" before the eyes, dizziness, pain and heaviness in the abdomen. With such symptoms, go to the doctor immediately, because without a proper response, the condition of the pregnant woman can deteriorate sharply and unexpectedly - up to the occurrence of convulsions of the torso and face, loss of consciousness.

Discharge at 31 weeks pregnant

Continue to monitor the nature of the discharge: normal vaginal discharge at 31 weeks of gestation, light gray or milky-light in color, homogeneous, without a pronounced odor. Do not be alarmed if the amount of discharge at this stage increases slightly: the blood supply to the genital organs is now reaching its maximum, which is the reason for some increase in the amount of discharge.

But, if at the same time the discharge changes its color towards yellow, green, earthy color, pus or flakes appear in the discharge, foamy or curdled discharge with a sharp and unpleasant odor is observed - go for an examination as soon as possible.

So, the changes mentioned above are usually caused by the development of a sexual infection. Most often, women during pregnancy experience the development or exacerbation of thrush, but changes in the nature of the discharge can also be caused by any other sexual infection. And, whatever it may be, it is imperative to treat the disease, otherwise there is a high risk of transmitting the infection to the fetus in utero or when it passes through the birth canal.

You should not postpone a visit to the doctor and with the appearance of bloody, scarlet, brown spotting. Their appearance is a symptom of a possible abruption or placenta previa. And, even if it bleeds very slightly, this cannot be ignored: at any moment, bleeding can become rampant.

However, keep in mind that the appearance of blood on the panties can also be associated with inflammation, bleeding of hemorrhoids. And in this case, first of all, it is worth thinking about the adequate treatment of hemorrhoids.

Liquid watery discharge that has a yellowish tint is amniotic fluid. Of course, the simultaneous discharge of amniotic fluid by a woman cannot be unnoticed, and in this case, you should immediately call ambulance: with the outpouring of water, premature birth begins. But, at the same time, the amniotic fluid may well leak in small portions, drop by drop, which is always associated with a violation of the integrity of the membranes. Even the slightest suspicion of leakage of amniotic fluid, which may occur with a feeling of increased moisture in the perineum, should be the reason for the earliest possible visit to a doctor: if the integrity of the membranes is violated, the fetus is defenseless against the attack of infections.

ultrasound

It is likely that at 31 weeks pregnant you will be scheduled for a third planned ultrasound. An ultrasound session is both an occasion for a mother to once again meet with a baby and observe him, and a valuable method for obtaining information about the course of pregnancy and fetal development.

As long as you smile, looking at how the baby sucks his finger or plays with the umbilical cord, the doctor will be able to determine the absence of any risks and pathologies. When conducting an ultrasound, a specialist measures the size of the fetus and correlates it with the gestational age, listens to the baby's heartbeat, and establishes its location. In addition, the internal organs and systems of the fetus will be examined to determine whether their development and improvement are normal.

Be sure to evaluate the doctor and the condition, the size of the uterus. Pay attention to the quantity and quality of amniotic fluid.

Especially for- Elena Kichak

By the thirty-first week of pregnancy, the baby's reflexes are already quite well developed, in the brain the structure of the departments responsible for personality and intelligence becomes more complicated. The child noticeably increases energy - this can be seen by the strength of the shocks in your stomach. The expectant mother, on the contrary, feels more and more tired, clumsy, because of hormones and constant worries, her memory, concentration, and sleep are deteriorating.

31 weeks is how long?

You are six months and three weeks pregnant.

What happens to the child?

At 31 weeks pregnant, your baby's body is about the size of a coconut. In the third trimester, its weight increases faster than body length. The height of the child is 41 cm, weight - 1.5 kg. At 31 weeks pregnant, some babies already have quite lush hair on their heads, while others are still bald.

All five senses of your unborn child are already working and quite well developed. His pupils react to light. He can turn his head to the right and left, make a variety of movements with his arms and legs, suck thumb, swallow, breathe. The fetus is in the "embryo position", head down. This position is called head presentation. If the buttocks are adjacent to the exit from the uterus, they speak of breech presentation.

At the 31st week of pregnancy, the testicles in boys are approximately at the level of the inguinal canal - very soon they will finally descend from the abdomen into the scrotum. In girls, the clitoris is fully formed.

What happens to the expectant mother?

By 31 weeks, a woman is normally gaining 9.5–12.2 kg. Because of the growing tummy, it becomes more and more difficult to cope with many things. The gait becomes more and more clumsy, "waddling". It’s impossible to find a comfortable position in bed, because of this (as well as because of hormones and frequent worries), many expectant mothers experience sleep problems, often feel tired and overwhelmed.

As the uterus grows, the load on the spine increases, while the hormone progesterone relaxes the ligaments - this is how it prepares the body for childbirth. As a result, there are pains in the back, legs. If they are very strong, you need to see a doctor

The uterus squeezes bladder and rectum, displaces the abdominal organs upward. Because of this, the expectant mother experiences heartburn, constipation, urination becomes more frequent. Increased pressure in the veins around the rectum leads to hemorrhoids. These symptoms will have to endure until childbirth - then they will pass.

Fingernails and toenails grow quickly, but become brittle and dry. The mammary glands increase even more, produce colostrum - a nutritious liquid, which in the first days of life will replace the “real” breast milk for the child.

Braxton-Hicks training contractions occur periodically. They manifest as pulling sensations in the abdomen and lower back. Training contractions should not last very long, cause pain.

• the child is already fully formed and visually similar to a small person. The final stage of development of vital organs begins. The organism is actively preparing for existence outside the mother's body;
• the body weight of the child reaches one and a half kilograms. His height increases daily by several mm. Now it is about 40 cm;
• the active stage of the development of mental activity begins due to the daily increase in brain cells. The child learns to respond to light, voice, touch to the stomach. From these actions, he learns to experience positive or negative emotions;
• at the beginning of the seventh month, the color of the eyes is determined. In the iris, the accumulation of pigment begins. The baby blinks and reacts to bright light sources;
• surfactant begins to be produced - a substance that is required for the proper opening and functioning of the lungs of a newborn. In the respiratory system, the stage of maturation of the alveoli is completed;
• the pancreas and liver are actively testing their functions. Insulin production and bile secretion have not yet been established, but will soon be actively performed;
• the baby's day regimen is set for a period of 31 weeks. The routine may differ from the mother’s, some women during the period of calm note increased motor activity embryo, which is normal.

What happens to the expectant mother: sensations

At 31 weeks pregnant, most women are already in maternity leave. The time begins when you can devote yourself to a new state. The final period of development of the baby requires special attention, because now the child is learning to contact with his mother. Given that the baby is already fully formed, constantly gaining weight and size, a pregnant woman is waiting for changes.

Training or preparatory bouts. One of the main new sensations is periodic uterine contractions that occur several times a day. With their help, the body prepares for childbirth. During the contraction of the walls, the woman feels that her stomach has changed shape, as if compressed and became very hard. The child is silent at this moment. Training fights have no time dependence. They are repeated at different intervals and do not cause serious discomfort.

Breast changes. A woman's breasts at 31 weeks have already increased significantly in size. At this time, the nipple becomes pigmented. The halo darkens, and Montgomery's glands become clearly visible on it. Also, many expectant mothers in the seventh month note that fluid is secreted from their breasts - colostrum, which will become the first food for the child. Often this causes discomfort, as it impregnates clothing and leaves stains. To get rid of this trouble and make you feel comfortable, it is recommended to use disposable sanitary pads for the breast.

Body changes. The volume of the abdomen continues to increase. The position of a woman is visible to everyone around. The average volume of the abdomen for a period of 31 weeks is 85-90 cm. The bottom of the uterus rises above the pelvic cavity at a height of 30-31 cm. For many mothers, the navel begins to protrude during this period. In some cases, this is accompanied by painful sensations. It is imperative to see a surgeon to rule out an umbilical hernia. The pelvic bones begin to gradually diverge. This causes discomfort and makes the gait even more clumsy.

Appearance changes. This period is accompanied by the accumulation of fluid in soft tissues. This is especially noticeable when a healthy diet is not observed and a large amount of salt is consumed. The nose becomes swollen and may be associated with potatoes. Lips become plumper and more sensual. In the morning, the expectant mother can observe swelling under the eyes, which indicate a violation in the work of the kidneys. At 31 weeks, the hair is shiny and healthy looking. Few of the pregnant women at 7 months are already facing prolapse. Usually this process begins after childbirth under the influence of a changed hormonal background.

At 31 weeks, amazing things happen to mom and baby. The woman has already got used to her new position. For the sake of meeting her child, she is ready to endure a big belly, back pain and other delights of pregnancy. The baby is gaining weight every day and is preparing to meet the outside world. In the article you will find a lot useful information, you will see what the baby looks like in the photo and get valuable tips for a successful pregnancy.

31 weeks pregnant - how many calendar months does it get?

Thirty-one weeks is 7 obstetric months and 3 weeks. In 7 days, mommy will be exactly 8 months old. The obstetric period is counted from the first day of the last menstruation. Embryonic is less than obstetric, as a rule, by 10-14 days, which depends on the duration of the woman's menstrual cycle. It is considered directly from conception.

Baby development

You can find out in what mood your child is now by his movements. If the little one wants to eat, he will move more actively, thereby expressing his displeasure. With mother's singing, children often calm down, calm down. A baby will also like the smooth dances of a woman. Sometimes it happens that some children stay awake at night, preventing the pregnant woman from sleeping. Singing or walking slowly can help soothe the baby. This will help the baby sleep.

External changes:

• The weight of the baby at 31 weeks of gestation is about 1500-1600 grams, and its height reaches approximately 40-42 centimeters.
• Heart rate on CTG - 140-160 beats per minute.
• The baby's legs can already reach your ribs. At the same time, his tremors can be quite painful. Don't worry. Soon the tummy will drop and the tremors will not be so painful.
• Now there is an intensive deposition of the fat layer in the baby. His skin becomes lighter, and the capillaries are no longer translucent.
• There are already hairs on the head, and eyebrows and cilia are visible on the face. On the fingers and toes, the nails reach almost to the edge of the finger.

By 31 weeks, the baby opens and closes its eyes, squints at bright lights and shudders at harsh sounds. His mother's voice calms him, and other people's voices are alarming.

Now the baby has developed a new corneal reflex. If he accidentally touches the eye with a pen, he will involuntarily close it.

The development of the internal organs of the baby at 31 weeks

Every day the child's respiratory system improves. Now there is a gradual filling of the alveoli with surfactant. This substance is necessary to prevent the lungs from sticking together during the first breath of the baby. Due to a deficiency of surfactant, even children born at term may develop severe, incompatible with life, respiratory failure.

The digestive system is now fully functioning. The intestine performs movements resembling peristalsis. In the pancreas, insulin is produced, and the liver is able to produce bile and filter the baby's blood from toxins.

The brain develops very actively at the 31st week of pregnancy. Now a huge number of neural connections are being synthesized, and nerve fibers are wrapped in a special protective sheath. Every day, the little one masters and improves new reflexes. His movements are not so chaotic. Some experts even call them conscious.

How is the baby in the womb

At the 31st week of pregnancy, there is less and less space in the mother's tummy. The special position of the body helps to facilitate the presence in the womb of the baby. At the same time, his legs are bent with his knees to the tummy, and the arms are located at the chest. Most babies now turn their heads down. This position is considered the most favorable for the normal birth process.

If the peanut is turned with its buttocks down, then here we are talking about a breech presentation. This condition in a woman is a reason for careful medical monitoring. Sometimes mom is prescribed a special gymnastics that helps the baby turn over head down. If, by the time of childbirth, the peanut is still located with its legs and buttocks down, the birth process is somewhat complicated and even a decision can be made about Caesarean section.

perturbations

By the 31st week of pregnancy, most babies already have their own daily routine. As before, most of the time the baby sleeps, but during periods of wakefulness, he actively improves his skills. The baby moves his arms and legs, sucks his finger, hiccups, turns his head, explores his body.

At this stage, mom should carefully listen to the movements of the fetus. Normally, in the thirty-first week, about 10 movements of the child should be observed for 12 hours. If there are too few movements, or, conversely, the baby began to behave extremely actively, this may indicate a particular pathology. In order to prevent complications, mom is recommended to inform the doctor about the change in the behavior of the little man.

What to prepare for mommy at 31 weeks

The feelings of a woman at this stage of pregnancy can hardly be called the most pleasant, but the girls are ready for anything, just to meet their long-awaited little one.

Let's look at what conditions a representative of the fair half may encounter.

Allocations

The secret secreted from the vagina can tell a lot about the health of the female reproductive system. Normally, the discharge should not have an unpleasant odor. Their color in the absence of certain diseases ranges from transparent to whitish. The consistency is slimy. If the nature of the secret has changed, especially during pregnancy, mom is recommended to immediately consult a doctor.

Especially dangerous at 31 weeks of gestation are brown or spotting. They may indicate the presence of bleeding due to placental abruption or other dangerous states. If you find red or rusty spots on your underwear, you should not delay going to the gynecologist. Even with the onset of premature birth, this process can be stopped with timely admission to the hospital.

pain

It hurts and pulls the lower abdomen, as well as discomfort in the lumbar region in most mothers in the third trimester of pregnancy. Reviews of girls indicate that they often have pain in the pubic bone, perineum, Bottom part belly. Unpleasant feelings and spasms spread to the back area. At the same time, the tummy becomes hard, as if turning to stone.

Causes of pain:

• growth and stretching of the muscles of the uterus;
• increased load on the muscles and motor apparatus;
• shift in the center of gravity due to an enlarged tummy;
• false or training contractions;
• increased tone of the uterus at 31 weeks.

At severe pain A woman should definitely consult a doctor. Physiological pain that occurs in mothers during pregnancy should go away on their own at rest. If the discomfort persists, you should not postpone a visit to the doctor. To cope with pain at home, experts recommend that a woman take a horizontal position, relax, breathe calmly. This helps relieve muscle spasm, saturate the body with oxygen.

Increased tone of the uterus

Hypertonicity or increased tone of the uterus poses a rather serious threat to the baby. The gynecologist makes a diagnosis, and it is confirmed with ultrasound examination. In severe cases, mom is recommended to lie down for preservation. This helps to avoid unexpected situations.

The causes of increased uterine tone include physiological and psychological factors. Among the physiological ones, there are infectious diseases in a pregnant woman, hormonal disorders, intense physical activity, weight lifting. Emotional experiences are referred to as psychological. They can occur due to fears of childbirth, with unwanted conception, and for other reasons.

The danger of hypertonicity lies in the fact that against its background, the blood flow in the pelvic organs is greatly deteriorating. Oxygen starvation is very dangerous for a child and can lead to hypoxia. In addition, increased tone can provoke premature birth, and the baby at 31 weeks is not yet ready for birth.

Pathology treatment:

• exclusion of emotional and physical stress;
• reception sedatives(Papaverine, Motherwort, Magne B6);
• careful medical supervision;
• proper nutrition;
• if necessary, mom is recommended to stay in the hospital.

The stories of pregnant women indicate that when all medical recommendations are followed for hypertonicity, it is quite possible to bear the baby until the end of the term.

indigestion

At 31 weeks pregnant, the baby is already quite large sizes and occupies the entire mother's tummy. It is not surprising that all internal organs are displaced. In this regard, the woman has frequent urination, shortness of breath and some digestive disorders.

Dyspeptic disorders at this time include such phenomena as diarrhea or, conversely, constipation, flatulence, heartburn, and sometimes nausea. Often, girls have a stomach ache and intestines. This sign should not be ignored. If you experience pain, a pregnant woman should consult a doctor. This will help eliminate unwanted consequences in the future.

Fetal ultrasound at 31 weeks

Ultrasound examination at this time is not performed in all cases. The procedure is prescribed by the doctor when the mother has certain problems or if the previous ultrasound results are in doubt.

Normal size of a baby on ultrasound at 31 weeks

Often the parameters of the fetus differ from the norm, which depends on the individual characteristics of the baby. Decoding is carried out by a qualified doctor. In this case, the overall picture is evaluated, and not each parameter separately.

In addition, the following indicators are taken into account:

• mommy is pregnant with twins, triplets or one baby in the womb;
• how actively the fetus moves;
• thickness of the placenta (normal at 31 weeks 30-30.5 mm).
• the location of the baby in the womb (head, pelvic or transverse);
• baby's heartbeat (normally 140-160 beats / min.);
• maturation (aging) of the placenta (at 31 weeks, the first degree of maturity is normally diagnosed);
• the presence of pathology of the amniotic fluid (oligohydramnios or polyhydramnios).

If any abnormalities are detected, the doctor decides on how to treat them. Often therapy consists solely of strengthening medical control.

In this photo you can see what a baby looks like at 31-32 weeks of pregnancy.

In most cases, the baby lies head down, but sometimes it is also transverse (the fetus is located obliquely), or breech presentation(head up).

twin pregnancy

The female body is designed to carry one child, so pregnancy with twins or triplets, which often occurs after artificial insemination (IVF), is considered dangerous for both women and babies. The most common is twins. In medical practice, there are several types of such pregnancy. They depend on the number of placentas and fetal membranes.

The most common type of twins is diamniotic, which is divided into dichorionic and monochorionic. The dichorionic type of diamniotic twins is considered the most favorable for the health of babies. At the same time, each crumb has its own personal space, because the amniotic septum divides the amniotic septum in half. In addition, each baby has its own placenta.

With such a pregnancy, there is a risk of a developmental delay in one of the babies, but this does not always happen. A woman with this condition is advised to be under close medical supervision, regularly take tests and follow all the doctor's recommendations.

childbirth

At 31 weeks, many mothers are concerned about the question of who gave birth at this time and what the consequences may be for the child. We immediately note that the birth of a baby ahead of time is always considered dangerous for his life, since the internal organs and systems are not yet quite ready to meet the newborn with the outside world.

What can cause preterm labor:

• developmental pathology in the fetus;
• icn - isthmic-cervical insufficiency;
• infectious and inflammatory diseases of the female reproductive system;
• hormonal disorders in the mother's body;
• strong physical activity;
• severe emotional upheavals;
• oligohydramnios - insufficient volume of amniotic fluid;
• low placentation;
• sex in the presence of contraindications to it;
• abdominal trauma and more.

Despite the obvious risks, most babies born at 30-31 weeks survive. In the absence of pathologies, fry and girls have an active weight gain, and by the year they are catching up with their peers born at term.

Sometimes at 31 weeks, an artificial birth is performed. Such a procedure is necessary in situations where there is a threat to life for the mother or baby.

Features of caring for a premature baby

Children born prematurely require special care and attitude. As a rule, on such days, newborns are in special incubators - incubators. This provides optimal living conditions for them with a stable temperature and the provision of artificial respiration if necessary. When the baby begins to breathe on his own, he is transferred to a special heated bed.

In the first days of life, a mother must find close physical and emotional contact with her child. A woman is encouraged to talk to the baby, sing songs to him, hug him. Physical contact is very important at this stage. The child should be laid out with a naked body on the mother's chest.

Doctors strongly recommend that you also keep breast-feeding. Breast milk will help the newborn gain weight faster and adapt to the world around him. In addition, the little one should be regularly shown to the local pediatrician, take necessary tests.

Weight gain

Normally, at 31 weeks, a woman should gain approximately 300 grams. In total, by this time, the minimum increase should be about 8 kg.

Alcoholic drinks in the third trimester

Physiological anemia is often observed in pregnant women. Hemoglobin in the blood decreases due to an increase in blood volume, since its formed elements do not have time to form. It is known that red wine increases hemoglobin, so many mothers indulge in a glass of grape drink.

Before doing this, the girl should think about the following:

• By week 31, the permeability of the placenta increases, so the alcohol in the wine easily penetrates the baby.
• Ethanol in wine leads to vasospasm, which negatively affects the blood circulation of the fetus.
• A large number of alcohol can even lead to premature birth.

Given all these negative consequences, doctors do not recommend drinking alcoholic beverages at 31 weeks of pregnancy.

intimacy

Sex during pregnancy is allowed only if the woman and the fetus do not have any pathologies. In such cases, intimate relationships between partners are allowed, and even welcome before the very birth. This is due to the fact that sex helps to stimulate labor.

Sometimes it happens that sexual contact is highly undesirable. It is prohibited under the following conditions:

• the threat of termination of pregnancy;
• short cervix;
• low placentation;
• leakage of amniotic fluid;
• developmental pathology in the fetus;
• anomalies in the structure of the female reproductive system;
• infectious diseases at a partner.

At the same time, intimacy is not allowed, as it can provoke some complications, which include premature birth.

To avoid many problems during this crucial period, mom at 31 weeks is advised to follow the following tips:

• Any disease, whether acute or chronic, should only be treated under medical supervision.
• With the development of any alarming symptoms, it is imperative to report them to the leading gynecologist.
• It is important to visit the antenatal clinic in a timely manner and take all the necessary tests.
• It is forbidden to engage in heavy and traumatic sports, to lift weights.
• Clothing should not squeeze the tummy, and it is preferable to wear shoes without a heel.
• It is forbidden to take any medications on your own, as many of them have contraindications.
• Pregnant women are encouraged to walk more often in the fresh air. useful species Sports during this period are considered swimming, yoga, gymnastics on a fitball.

In addition, mom should remember that at 31 weeks of pregnancy it is important to try to eliminate stress and anxiety. Negative emotional background women have an extremely bad effect on the health of the baby and can even lead to premature birth.

mommy physical activity

Sports activities with a healthy course of pregnancy are recommended at all times until the very birth. During this period, it will be useful to do yoga, do exercises on a fitball, swim, walk in the park. Any movements, even ordinary housework, will be useful for mommy. The main thing in this matter is not to overwork, because the body is already under a lot of stress.

Video

This video will help you learn more about the well-being of mommy and baby at 31 weeks pregnant.