The legal status of a single mother in the current Russian legislation is not defined. There is also no single concept established at the federal level. Therefore, the concept of a single mother (single mother) is different in different legal acts.

According to the decision of the Plenum of the Supreme Court dated January 28, 2014 No. 1, the status of a single mother is acquired by a woman who, independently and without the help of a legal spouse, performs parental duties (death of a spouse, deprivation or restriction of his parental rights, recognition as incompetent, being in places of deprivation of liberty, etc.).

According to the Tax Code - a woman raising children and not officially married (clause 1, part 4, article 218 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).

According to Decree of the Government of Moscow dated December 28, 2004 No. 911-PP, a single mother is considered a woman whose birth certificate does not contain an entry about the father of the child or the entry was made at the direction of the mother.

According to the Law of the Kursk Region dated December 10, 2008 No. 108, a single parent is one of the parents who is not in a registered marriage, raising a child and living with him.

Conditions and grounds for granting benefits

Due to the lack of a unified definition of the legal status, in order to receive certain benefits, subsidies and compensations, a single mother must fall under the criteria established by the very legal act according to which these benefits are laid down.

Basically, benefits are provided by regional legal acts. There are no special benefits at the federal level, however, after analyzing federal legislation, a number of privileges can be distinguished. Precisely privileges, because the provision of financial assistance is not provided for by federal law.

The number of children does not affect the right of the mother to use this or that benefit or compensation. Benefits are provided for mothers with one or two or more children. Some benefits are given on a per-child basis and therefore the total amount of benefits may vary.

Social support provided by federal law

Preferential working conditions for a single mother

Separate provisions of labor legislation govern relations connected with the acquisition by a woman of the status of a single mother. A private enterprise, a commercial organization, a state structure, regardless of the form of ownership, as well as corporate policy, is obliged to provide the following preferential conditions labor activity single mothers:

1. Night work is a right, not a duty. In the absence of contraindications for health reasons, a mother raising children under the age of 5 on her own and without the help of her husband can be involved in work from 10 p.m. to 6 a.m. only with her written consent (Article 96 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).
2. A ban on business trips, overtime, as well as work on holidays and weekends for women who single-handedly raise a child under the age of 3 years (Article 259 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).
3. Part-time work week. The employer, at the written request of a single mother, is obliged to coordinate with her an individual work schedule (Article 93 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).
4. Additional leave without pay. A single mother can exercise the right to provide her with unpaid leave for up to 14 days (Article 263 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).
5. "Immunity" to dismissal. An employer is prohibited from voluntarily dismissing a woman who is raising a child under the age of 12 on her own and without the help of a legal spouse (Article 261 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).
6. Possibility of obtaining 4 additional days off per month. Such an opportunity is provided only to a woman who single-handedly raises a disabled child (Article 262 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).

Tax credits for single mothers

Tax legislation allows women who support a child on their own to take advantage of monthly tax deductions of up to 2,800 rubles (Article 218 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).

A tax deduction is a refund of a portion of previously paid personal income tax.

Regional benefits for single mothers

In some regions of Russia, regulations establish allowances and payments to single mothers.

Benefits for a single mother in Moscow

Benefit amount	Frequency of payment	Terms of receipt
13000	monthly	- father died as a result of terrorist attacks, man-made and other disasters
4500	monthly	- in the presence of children aged 1.5 to 3 years
3000	monthly	- a single mother is an orphan - a single mother must be trained full-time
2500	monthly	- in the presence of children aged 0 to 1.5 years and from 3 to 18 years - having an income below the subsistence level
1500	monthly	- in the presence of children under the age of one and a half years
750	monthly	- the income of a single mother should not exceed the subsistence level
675	monthly	- presence of children under 3 years old
600	monthly	-father avoids paying child support
300	monthly	- without additional conditions

Sources: Law of the City of Moscow dated November 23, 2005 No. 60, Decree of the Government of Moscow dated December 6, 2016 No. 816.

Benefits for a single mother in the Kursk region

In the Kursk region, an additional allowance has been established for a single mother who is studying full-time at the institute. It is expressed in the provision of a monthly payment of 900 rubles.

Single mothers in 2019, as before, have the right to apply for and receive benefits and privileges that are not available to parents raising children in complete families. Federal Law No. 81 “On State Benefits for Citizens with Children” establishes the provision and conditions for receiving benefits.

Benefits for single mothers are provided in almost all areas of society. This provides them with social security and additional opportunities and guarantees, both for themselves and for their children. At the federal level, the legislation does not contain the concept of a single mother, but nevertheless, benefits for such parents are established by the state and regional authorities.

Benefits in the labor sphere

Women who raise children on their own can count on some privileges from their employer.

Attention! Labor benefits for single mothers in 2019 are enshrined in the Labor Code. A woman can sue her boss if he systematically violates her rights prescribed in the legislation of the Russian Federation.

These rights include:

• if the staff in her organization is reduced, a woman raising a child under 14 alone cannot be fired;
• employers cannot refuse to hire a single mother, citing the fact that she has children;
• single mothers can take additional unpaid leave for a period of at least 14 days;
• if the child is under 14 years old, then his mother can apply for a part-time job for her;
• sending a woman on a business trip raising a child without the help of his father is possible only after receiving her consent, in writing;
• it is impossible to attract women raising a child who has not reached the age of five, alone, to work at night, weekends and holidays;
• if a disabled child is dependent on a single mother, she is entitled to 4 additional paid days off monthly according to your schedule. It is forbidden to transfer holidays to subsequent months.

Payment sick leave single mothers are paid similarly to sick leave for women in complete families. No additional privileges at the federal level established.

Features of dismissal

According to the Labor Code, an employer does not have the right to dismiss a single mother who has a minor under 14 years of age or a disabled child under 18 years of age as a dependent. This also applies to the reduction of staff in the enterprise.

An exception is possible in the following cases:

• upon liquidation of the enterprise or termination of the activities of the individual entrepreneur;
• if the employee repeatedly fails to perform his labor duties without good reason, there must be documentary evidence, for example, an official penalty);
• violation of labor discipline and official duties(absenteeism, lateness, disclosure of official information, being at the workplace in a state of intoxication, etc.);
• the commission by an employee performing educational functions of an immoral offense incompatible with the continuation of this work;
• if a single woman works as a leader, then a single gross violation of her job duties may become a reason for dismissal;
• the use, including a single one, of methods of education associated with physical and (or) mental violence against the personality of a student, pupil;
• providing false information during employment.

Important! Labor legislation fully protects the rights of single mothers. If employers violate the rights of a single mother, before going to court, she can write a complaint to the Labor Inspectorate of her city. Specialists of this organization are obliged to check and take measures to prevent violations.

Tax incentives and privileges

A single parent raising a minor child can reduce their tax deduction from monthly earnings exactly twice. To obtain such a right, you need to contact the accounting department of the enterprise with a certain package of documents.

The package of documents includes:

• child's birth document;
• a document containing information about divorce or marriage;
• a certificate from an educational institution stating that the child is a full-time student, if he is a student;
• if less than a year has passed since starting a new job, then you will need a certificate of Form 2-NDFL from the previous organization where the woman worked;
• if the baby is disabled, then you need to submit a certificate of disability.

The amount of the double tax deduction in 2019 was:

For single mothers, the right is granted to apply personally to the tax office at the place of residence, with a certificate in the form 3-NDFL and other documents. This can be done when the employer for some reason cannot issue a tax refund.

If a single mother remarries, the right to a double tax deduction is lost.

Social benefits

Attention! In addition to tax and labor benefits and privileges, single mothers have various rights in the social sphere. So, for example, children of working parents who bring them up alone have the right of preferential enrollment in preschool educational institutions. Also, tuition fees for children in such organizations are compensated by 20% for the first child and 50% for the second child.

Regions often independently establish certain benefits for single-parent families. The privileges of all spheres of social life of the population concern, here are some of them:

• providing the necessary assistance in preparing the child for schooling, if a single mother is not able to buy everything necessary;
• at school, children who are raised by one parent have the right to eat twice in the canteen (for this you need to submit an appropriate application to the educational institution addressed to the director);
• providing children with free massage sessions by specialists of a medical organization;
• the state provides free vouchers for children to camps and sanatoriums;
• children are put in a priority queue for admission to kindergartens;
• provision from the state of a discount of 30% for the child's education in organizations of additional education (sports clubs, drawing schools, etc.).

The full list of benefits provided must be clarified with the local administration or the department of social protection. If, for some reason, the administration of the educational organization where the child is studying refuses to provide benefits, you can file a complaint with a higher authority. This may be the territorial office of the Ministry of Education in the region.

Benefits in the housing sector

The benefits for single mothers in 2019 in the housing industry provide for her to receive housing.

Getting and using maternity capital does not depend on whether the woman is a single mother or is in a marital relationship. She, like any woman, has the right to spend her maternity capital on the needs provided for by the state.

These needs include the expansion of their living space.

The right to expand the living space

To be on the waiting list for a housing extension, a woman must be under 35 years of age, must be recognized by the administration as in need of housing improvement, and must have sufficient income to qualify for a home loan.

For this, single mothers need to prepare a package of documents. All documents are submitted for consideration to the commission on housing issues, which is located in the administration at the place of residence of the applicant.

The list of documents includes:

• statement;
• passport of the applicant;
• single mother certificate;
• certificates of income and the value of property owned;
• documents confirming the need of the family to improve housing conditions;
• a document establishing the fact of the birth of a child;
• document confirming registration for 10 years;
• copies of SNILS.

This is a list of the main documents for participation in the program. In individual cases, the specialists of the department may request additional documents from the applicant.

Download for viewing and printing:

After reviewing the submitted list of documents, the housing commission officials recognize the woman as poor and in need of improving the conditions of her housing.

Do you need on the subject? and our lawyers will contact you shortly.

How to speed up the housing process

In practice, obtaining housing benefits for a single mother can be delayed for several years, despite the fact that she is entitled to it.

To speed up this process you need:

• start collecting documents before the baby reaches three years;
• consult with a lawyer who often deals with such issues for a more thorough study of the topic of obtaining housing;
• after submitting all the documents to the housing commission, do not forget to be interested in the progress of your application.

Additional privileges in the housing sector

Some single mothers cannot stand living in poor conditions and take out a mortgage loan to buy a home.

If incomplete family falls under the signs of the young, then she can count on a mortgage with preferential terms. Such credit conditions are offered to young families by the country's largest banks. This means that the interest rate and repayment term of the loan will be significantly lower than for ordinary mortgage applicants.

Single mothers are entitled to receive benefits and other incentives from the state, on the basis of the legislation in force at the time of applying for the status of a single mother.

March 17, 2017, 05:27 May 10, 2019 15:32

The legal definition of a single mother is extremely simple - a woman who does not have information about the father on her child's birth certificate. This formulation is concise, but not exhaustive. There are a number of subtleties in the procedure for assigning the status of a single mother, which we will discuss in the article.

State assistance to mothers who raise a child alone is expressed in a number of allowances and payments, as well as tax and labor benefits. Some types of benefits have federal status, others operate only in certain subjects of the Russian Federation. What exactly are the benefits and allowances for single mothers in 2019?

Single mother definition

A single mother is a mother who raises a child or several children out of wedlock, if the father of the child is not established in one of two ways - the father and mother have not filed an application for paternity with the registry office or there is no court order recognizing someone as the father of the child.

A single mother is also considered a woman who gave birth to a child in marriage or in the first 300 days after a divorce, if the father is recorded ex-husband but his paternity has been disputed in judicial order. When a court decision comes into force that the former spouse does not have to biological father child, the mother is immediately assigned the status of a loner. The same status is assigned to a woman who is raising an adopted child alone.

A woman is not recognized as a single mother if she:

• Is divorced from the father of the child (ex-husband) and for some reason does not receive alimony from him;
• Has given birth to a child within 300 days after the divorce (or recognition of the marriage as invalid) or the death of the spouse. In this case, the registry office registers the child for the former spouse, even if he is not the biological father of the child;
• Is not married and is raising a child whose father is established by the court or voluntarily. It doesn't matter if she lives with the father of the child or not.

Single mother, benefits and allowances

State support for single mothers expressed in a number of cash payments, which are associated with pregnancy and child rearing and up to 18 years of age. The highest payments are expected by a pregnant single mother if she has a long work history and a high average salary.

What benefits and benefits are we talking about in 2019?

1. One-time allowances for single mothers for pregnancy and childbirth . If a woman has seniority, then the employer is obliged to pay a one-time cash benefit when the woman goes on maternity leave, the amount of which depends on the average salary for 2 years, but not less than 34,520.55 rubles. The maximum payout in 2019 is 265,827.63 rubles. If future mother unemployed and is registered with the Employment Center, then the amount of the maternity payment will be much lower - 613.14 rubles for each month of the decree.
2. Fixed one-time payment at the birth of a child , regardless of the employment of the mother, in the amount of 16350.33 rubles.
3. At the birth of a second child, single mothers are given money certificate (maternity capital) in the amount of 453026 rubles.
4. Monthly payments for a child up to 1.5 years . If a single mother after the expiration of 70 days (postnatal decree) decided to take parental leave for a period of 18 months, then she is entitled to payments from her place of work in the amount of 40% of her average earnings for the last 2 years. If a woman has less than six months of work experience or the average salary is less than the federal minimum wage of 7,500 rubles, then she is entitled to a monthly allowance in the amount of 3,065.69 rubles per child. For the second and subsequent children, 6131.37 rubles are given every month.
5. Benefit for caring for a child aged 1.5 to 3 years (if a single mother decided to extend the decree) - 50 rubles. This amount is increased at the expense of regional budgets, but in the end it remains more symbolic assistance than real.
6. Monthly allowance for a third child (and subsequent) under the age of 3 years is paid in 2019 in 69 constituent entities of the Russian Federation in which a poor demographic situation has developed. These payments are made on the basis of Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 606 and are only available to low-income families (including single mothers with low income). The amount of the allowance depends on the regional subsistence level.
7. Monthly payments to low-income single mothers until the child reaches the age of 16 (18 years - subject to continuing education after school). A single parent is entitled to an allowance, the value of which in Moscow is 1,600 rubles. This is 2 times higher than the standard support for adolescents from low-income full families (800 rubles).

Labor benefits for single mothers

1. Dismissal protection . It is possible to dismiss a single mother from work only in some cases. These are either force majeure circumstances that do not depend on the will of the parties (liquidation of the enterprise, a sharp deterioration in the health of the mother), or repeated violation of labor discipline by the woman.
2. single mother right work on your own schedule part time. Until the child reaches the age of 5, the employer is not entitled to involve a woman in work at night, on weekends and holidays, as well as overtime.
3. When the enterprise is liquidated, its successor is obliged to provide a single mother with work if the child is under 14 years of age. If the child is over 14 years old, and he serves in the army on conscription, then the mother must be left in the state during ongoing job cuts.
4. Increased child care allowance . The amount of payments for the treatment of a child in a hospital depends on the duration seniority mother. If he was treated on an outpatient basis, then the allowance will be paid within 10 days, after which the allowance will be reduced to 50% of the salary, regardless of the length of service of the mother.
5. The right to additional leave . It is implemented if a collective agreement was concluded at work on the possibility of providing additional annual leave without pay. If the child is under 14 years old, then a single mother has the right to take additional leave (maximum 2 weeks) at any time. Mothers of disabled children are entitled to an additional 4 paid days off each month.

tax incentives

Single mothers are entitled to double. What does it mean? A tax deduction is understood to mean a certain amount of income from which taxes are not withheld, which actually leads to an increase in wages received on hand. Tax deductions are provided by the state to each of the parents for a child under 18 years old (or up to 23 years old if he is studying full-time). Single mothers receive double the tax credit on the amount given to each parent of two-parent families.

The amount of the tax deduction is standard, unchanged. It is independent of income and other benefits received. At the beginning of 2019, the numbers are as follows:

• 2800 rubles - deduction for the first and second child;
• 6000 rubles - for the third and subsequent children;
• 24,000 rubles - for a disabled child.

A tax deduction for singles is provided until the moment when the amount of a woman's income per year does not exceed 350 thousand rubles. After that, personal income tax will be withheld from the full amount. The deductions are valid until the single mother gets married.

Other benefits for single mothers in 2019

In addition to labor and tax benefits and benefits, single parents are entitled to improve their financial situation. The full list depends on the social policy of the regional authorities, therefore different for different subjects of the Russian Federation. We list the most important benefits and benefits for single mothers:

• the opportunity to receive a free ticket for mother and child to a sanatorium every year;
• the right to refuse to pay for garbage collection and cleaning services (for residents of apartment buildings) until the child reaches the age of 1.5 years;
• free dairy kitchen until the child reaches the age of 2 years;
• free sets of linen for a newborn;
• discounts on tuition fees at art schools (additional education) up to 30%;
• purchase of certain drugs with a 50% discount;
• free medicines and rehabilitation for children with special diseases (until they reach the age of 3);
• admission of a child to a kindergarten out of turn and with a 50% discount;
• free massage room in the children's clinic;
• free two meals a day in school canteens.

Single mothers can count on help in improving their living conditions. The specific conditions of this assistance and the availability of special programs must be found out in the departments social protection of your region. An example is the special program Affordable housing for a young family ”, for participation in which single mothers under the age of 35 are entitled to count.

Single mothers are provided with a number of benefits for housing and communal services, including payment for heating, electricity, gas and water. To receive state subsidies, you should contact the Housing Office at the place of residence.

Documents for receiving single mother's allowance in 2019

To receive support, a single mother must submit to the appropriate authority (registry office):

• application for benefits and benefits;
• passport and its photocopy;
• a copy and original of the child's birth certificate;
• copy work book certified by a notary;
• certificate of family composition (issued at the MFC);
• a certificate confirming the assignment of the status of a single mother.

The specified list of documents in some regions may be supplemented or reduced.

Adoption benefits for single mothers

The legislation of the Russian Federation does not prohibit the adoption of children by single mothers and fathers, that is, persons who are not married. In this case, the child will have only one adoptive parent. The adoption procedure is standard, taking into account the minimum age difference between mother and child and some other factors.

The list of benefits and allowances that are due to single mothers who have adopted or adopted a child depends on the availability of work and the length of service, as well as on regional social protection policies. Some benefits may be removed if the woman marries and her spouse also adopts a child .

When a child is transferred to the upbringing of a single mother, a standard allowance for the birth of a child is paid in the amount of 16,350.33 rubles. You can receive this allowance within 6 months after the child is placed in foster care.

Other payments and benefits to single mothers:

• One-time allowance for pregnancy and childbirth (), if a child under 3 months old is taken up. equals 100% of the mother's average salary for 2 years. You can take the allowance at any time until the baby reaches the age of 3 months;
• Standard monthly allowance for child care up to 1.5 years (40% of salary). Paid when the woman is on vacation or continues to work part-time;
• Allowance for caring for a child from 1.5 to 3 years - 50 rubles plus a regional allowance;
• Allowance for a child up to 16 or 18 years old, if the mother is recognized as indigent.

Let's summarize. Allowances and tax breaks, as well as other privileges for single mothers, are developed by regional authorities, and the federal budget and legislation of the Russian Federation provide general support. To officially obtain the status of a single mother, you must obtain a certificate from the registry office.

All benefits for mothers and existing social protection programs can be found in local MFCs or departments of social protection of the population.

Raising a child on your own is difficult not only from a moral point of view, but also from a material one. It is all the more difficult to do this in Moscow, since the capital is traditionally distinguished by high prices for basic and related groups of goods for children. To facilitate the task of single women, the state provides various benefits and benefits. In 2018, some points of these social programs will remain unchanged, and some will be revised and changed.

In the fall of 2017, the Moscow Government supported the initiative to increase certain types of benefits for this category of women. In addition, explanatory work is constantly carried out by social authorities about which of the women is entitled to receive such payments, since the legal concept of “loner” differs from the generally accepted one.

Muscovites who raise children without fathers can count on 2 types of payments and benefits:

• paid to all Russian citizens who fall into the category of single mothers;
• provided only by the regional Moscow social program.

The reasons for getting them are the same.

Women eligible for benefits and allowances as single mothers:

• those whose child is born out of wedlock and the mother is independently engaged in education;
• those who raise themselves foster child and yet unmarried;
• women whose baby was born in marriage or within 300 days after the termination of marriage, but the official paternity was disputed.

Women who do not qualify as single mothers:

• are divorced but do not receive alimony from their father;
• gave birth to a man whose paternity was officially established, but the marriage was not registered;
• gave birth to a man who died or was deprived of parental rights;
• gave birth within 9 months after the divorce or recognition of the marriage as invalid.

Federal

For 2018, it is not planned to revise the amount of financial payments to single mothers at the federal level. For this reason, they will remain at the level of 2017.

List of payments provided until birth, as follows:

• for women registered for pregnancy before 12 weeks - monthly 613.14 rubles (this type of assistance is issued regardless of the outcome of childbirth);
• payment for pregnancy and childbirth officially employed - 100% of the average monthly earnings (accrued for the period from the 30th week of pregnancy to the 70th day after the birth of the child);
• payment for pregnancy and childbirth to students - 100% scholarships;
• payment for pregnancy and childbirth to the unemployed - 581 rubles;
• payment for pregnancy and childbirth to military personnel or those working in the defense sector - the amount of 1 cash benefit.

After the baby is born A woman is entitled to the following types of financial assistance:

• at a time - 16,350.33 rubles;
• if childbirth is recognized as difficult, 16 days of sick leave are additionally paid.

In the case of the adoption of two children at the same time, who are related to each other, an additional 118.5 thousand rubles are due.

During maternity leave before the baby is 18 months old, a single mother is entitled to the following benefits:

• for women with a permanent official place of work - 40% of the average monthly salary during the last 180 days before childbirth (the employer is obliged to pay the allowance);
• for women dismissed during pregnancy due to the liquidation of the enterprise - 2,908 thousand (the allowance is paid by the social fund);
• for the unemployed - 3.0 thousand (for one child) or 5.817 thousand (for two or more children).

A special situation arises if, before the decree, a single woman was employed, but immediately after the first decree, she goes to the second. The allowance paid by the employer to such single mothers up to 1.5 years is doubled and amounts to 80% of their average monthly salary.

For residents of Moscow

Muscovites are entitled to an additional list of payments. In October 2017, the mayor of Moscow took the initiative to raise certain types of benefits. The adopted program also applies to single mothers.

Throughout 2018, single mothers who are Muscovites will be entitled to receive the following types of monthly financial assistance:

• before the age of 3 years - 15 thousand;
• compensation for regional price increases - 750 rubles. for the poor and 300 rubles. for everyone else;
• compensation for regional growth in prices for baby food - 650 rubles. (until the child reaches the age of three).

If a single mother living and registered in Moscow has given birth to a third or more child, she can receive an additional 18.7 thousand monthly until the age of three for each of the children.

Everything regional surcharges and allowances provided to single mothers in Moscow are tiered. This means that if a woman falls simultaneously into 2 categories for which payments are provided (for example, a single mother and a large family), she is entitled to receive all such benefits in full without any restrictions.

Privileges

Single mothers living in Moscow in 2018 will be able to use not only special payments, but also preferential programs. Their list includes:

• natural aid;
• privileges;
• additional rights;
• labor privileges.

Natural help:

• free clothes for newborns;
• sets of linen for babies;
• free children food dairy cuisine up to 2 years;
• essential medicine kits;
• massage course in a children's clinic;
• two meals a day at school;
• providing vouchers to health-improving institutions for preschoolers and schoolchildren.

Privileges:

• extraordinary admission to the selected preschool educational institution;
• discount on payment for educational and educational services in preschool educational institutions in the amount of 50%;
• reduced cost of education in schools;
• preferential participation in the "Housing" program to solve problems with housing;
• allowance for payment for services provided by housing and communal enterprises.

In addition to all of the above, single mothers in 2018 will be able to take advantage of the following labor privileges:

• until younger child will not turn 14 years old, the employer does not have the right to dismiss a woman even in case of inconsistency with the position held;
• in case of liquidation of the enterprise, the employer is obliged to provide another place of work with a wage level not lower than the previous one;
• at any time of the year, a single mother has the right to an extraordinary leave without pay for a period not exceeding 14 days;
• exemption from night work, business trips, overtime work, as well as going to work on holidays or weekends (in the event that a woman provides an official refusal in writing);
• additional sick leave benefit, which depends on the length of service (the first 14 calendar days sick leave - 100%, the next days - 50% of the salary);
• sick leave until seven years of age the child is paid in full, regardless of its duration;
• the opportunity to work on a daily reduced schedule until the child is 14 years old;
• when applying for a job, the status of a single mother cannot be considered a sufficient reason for refusal, therefore, in case of refusal, the employer is obliged to provide an explanation of the reasons in writing or electronically.

In addition, a single mother is entitled to a reduction in the amount of income tax paid. Its size will depend on the number of children and the woman's salary.

The whole complex of national and regional payments, subsidies and benefits to single mothers is aimed at ensuring that, with the help of the state, a woman can provide a decent level of organization of life and upbringing for her children.

Single mothers will increase "children's": video

Everyone knows that single mothers should receive some kind of benefits from the state and enjoy benefits. But few people understand what is generally required by law for such a category of women, and running around to sort things out through the authorities is a thankless task. Meanwhile, the state provides a fairly large amount of assistance to single mothers - you just need to know your rights and use the benefits provided.

Table of contents:

Who gets the status of a single mother

To be able to take advantage of benefits and receive benefits as a single mother, you need to know who falls into this category. The status in question can be obtained in the following cases:

• the child was born 300 days or more after the dissolution of the previous marriage;
• a woman gave birth out of wedlock;
• a woman who is out of wedlock has adopted or adopted a child;
• if paternity has not been established, both voluntary and judicial procedures are implied;
• the child was born in a marriage (or within 300 days after the dissolution of such), but paternity has not been established;
• if the real or ex-husband of the woman is recorded as the father in the birth certificate of the child, but his paternity has not been established (this is done in court and the appropriate court decision must be in hand).

note

The amount of benefits and the number / categories of benefits are provided to absolutely all women with the status of a single mother, regardless of whether there is information about the father in the birth certificate of the child or if there is a dash in this place.

It is worth understanding whether it is necessary to record the data of the child's father on the birth certificate at all - this can also be done from the words of the mother. If we consider this issue from the point of view of bureaucratic formalities, then it would be more beneficial for the mother to put a dash in the column about the father, and here's why:

• if it is necessary to cross the border with a child, it will not be necessary to provide permission to leave the father (it is almost impossible to prove that this person is only the legal father at customs);
• at the time of registration of the child's registration, it will not be necessary to present an extract from the father's house book and his statement that he is not against the registration of the child with his mother (these are the legal requirements of the passport office employees);
• when performing complex surgical treatment, doctors may require consent for the operation from both parents.

One nuance should be taken into account - if there is a dash in the column “father of the child”, then in the event of the death of a man it will be impossible to receive an inheritance, since in this case it is almost impossible to prove paternity.

What are the benefits for single mothers?

Benefits for single mothers are periodically reviewed and supplemented. And in 2019, this process did not stop - there were new additions to the list of benefits provided to the category of citizens in question.

What benefits can a woman with the status of a single mother expect in 2019:

In addition, in some regions, children who are brought up by one mother are given a 30% discount when studying at an art school, sports clubs and other institutions.

note

The child of a single mother can receive free meals and be fully state support in preschool and school institutions. But such benefits are not provided for by federal law, therefore, they may not be provided in all cities of Russia - everything is given at the discretion of the directors of educational and educational institutions.

What are the allowances for single mothers?

In addition to the above benefits, a woman with the status of a single mother can expect to receive certain benefits. In 2016 they were as follows:

1. A woman with the status in question is entitled to receive monthly allowance for child care until the child reaches the age of 1.5 years . This allowance is calculated on the basis of the average salary for the last 2 years of work of a woman. In 2016, the minimum amount of such payment was 2,718 rubles 35 kopecks in the event of the birth of the first child and 5,436 rubles 67 kopecks in the event of the birth of the second and all subsequent children.
2. A single mother is entitled to maternity capital at the birth of a second child, but in the same amount that is expected for all categories of women with newborns.

Note:a single mother, in principle, has the right to receive all benefits that are provided for issuance and in the usual manner, but the size of some of them will be an order of magnitude higher.

Of course, single mothers are also assigned additional benefits, but their number and amount are determined only by the regional authority. For example, if a woman with the status in question lives / is registered in Moscow, then she will be provided with the following as an addition to basic benefits and benefits:

• monthly allowance for a child (or children) up to one and a half years, as well as from 3 to 18 years;
• monthly additional allowance for a child aged 1.5 to 3 years;
• monthly payment of compensation for the increase in the cost of living of a child up to his 16 years;
• monthly compensation for the increase in the cost of food (such an allowance is provided not only for single mothers, but also for those families in which one of the parents evades paying alimony;
• help in in kind- baby underwear for newborns, baby milk nutrition for children under the age of 2 years according to a doctor's prescription, and more;
• benefits for children under 3 years old;
• monthly payment of a compensatory type for caring for a disabled child under the age of 18, and in the case of a congenital disability - up to 23 years.

The amount of benefits depends only on how much income a single mother has. For example, in Moscow and the Moscow region living wage is 12,071 rubles, so single mothers are advised to submit income statements for those months that do not include maternity benefits, lump sums at the birth of a child. More precise amounts of benefits and allowances for single mothers can be found in the territorial body of social protection.

note

If a single mother marries and her spouse does not adopt / adopt a child, then she is entitled to receive all benefits and benefits provided by law.

Tax deduction for single mothers

A double personal income tax deduction will be an excellent help - for a working single mother, this is a good additional financing. In 2016, the deduction for the first child was 2,800 rubles, the same amount was provided for the second, but for the third and subsequent - 6,000 rubles - these are standard deductions. If a single mother is raising a disabled child of groups 1 and 2, then until he reaches the age of majority (18 years old), the tax deduction will be 600 rubles, the same amount appears on the condition of full-time education of a disabled child under 24 years old.

In order to know all the benefits and allowances due to single mothers in full, it is recommended to contact the territorial social protection authority for clarification - it is quite possible that additional benefits / allowances for this category of women are also provided in the region of residence.