Once upon a time, at the dawn of my hobby for soap making, I faced the problem of how to decorate this most man-made soap. I learned to make swirls, to fill in layers correctly, and to fuse in various decorating objects. A fascinating process, I will report to you! Creativity in its purest form. Now, in general, I have accumulated considerable experience in soap making, I started by melting down the children's one, and now I can cook soap from scratch even in a hot or cold way, well, I can indulge myself with a ready-made base. And practically everything, even the most complex soap-decorating techniques, have been mastered by me. But sometimes, all of a sudden, you want to do something absolutely simple, straightforward, quick, effective, but undoubtedly useful. Here is something similar to this. This is me on the site http://blog.freepeople.com spied.

Yes, this is a soap made from an ordinary transparent base, which can be bought at any soap shop, insanely simple to perform, but who said that it cannot be useful? Ha! Of course it can! And how useful it is, especially if you know what you want to achieve and apply your skillful hands to it. And making such a soap from a ready-made base is very suitable for all beginners. Now, if someone has never been involved in soap making, but really wants to try it, this option is it.

So, we go to the nearest store where goods for creativity are sold and are looking for this very base for soap there. Those who do not have such stores nearby and are not even foreseen - a direct path to online stores. They are just a sea and there is EVERYTHING!

Well, now again about the base. We are looking for a transparent one. Found it? We look at the manufacturer.

We do not take the Chinese base in our hands, the soap dries the skin out of it. They say that some new Chinese basis of improved quality has appeared, but no, somehow I no longer trust her.

We take the Latvian base, twist it in our hands, admire the transparency and return it to the shelf, everything seems to be fine in it, but there is very little foam from it and it will not work to add various useful oils to it. She doesn't accept them.

So, now the German base. It is good, you can take it: plastic, soapy, very transparent. Freezes slower than other bases. You can take your time with the filling and decor of the soap.

My favorite is the English base. My skin loves her. The English base has many varieties, you can choose an option with any parameters. Works well with a wide variety of additives, oils and colors

There is also a Russian basis. I didn’t work with it, so I won’t say anything about its properties. But there is no desire to buy either, it seems to be transparent, but for some reason with some kind of brown tint. Not nra ...

Well, we have chosen the base, now we will select additives to make our soap beautiful and very useful. The transparent base is just a glycerin soap and that's good, it is already quite useful itself, but if we further enrich it, huh? For example, some scary useful oils and vitamins? Vooot, this is exactly what we will do. Therefore, we go to the pharmacy, buy oil vitamins A and E, Castor oil and look for jojoba oil. It happens in pharmacies, in small bottles. These are my favorite and proven ingredients. I hope there is no need to talk about the benefits of these components? Jojoba and vitamins for skin rejuvenation and nutrition. Castor oil increases lathering and is also good for nourishing, moisturizing, and even whitening your skin for a bit.

Now it's up to essential oils. This is also a whole layer of knowledge, which and in what cases you need to use, so I will not list all their properties, google at your leisure yourself, the more the information is important. And now I won't even tell you how I, stupid crooked-handed creature, once burned my skin with bitter almond oil, yeah ...

Using various additives, you can get soap with specific properties. Of course, these very properties will not be so pronounced and very healing, nevertheless, they will have a positive effect. And this is especially important if the skin is problematic. For example, pimples. Well, how to deal with them, especially if they arise regularly, practically from nowhere and come from all directions? Only with regular skin care and the use of the right products. For home methods of dealing with this scourge, see not the website http://www.sun-hands.ru/7izbavitsya_ot_prishei_v_domashnix_ysloviyax.html, here you can find out about the time-tested, simple and affordable means of dealing with acne, but for now we will continue further

Cut the base for our soap into small pieces and place in a melting pot. There are two ways to melt soap - in the microwave or in a water bath. I prefer the second method, because nothing will definitely burn or melt, but in the process you can prepare everything necessary materials and check everything again

Well, if all the same in the microwave, then first 30 seconds, and then 5 several times until the base is completely dissolved. The main thing is that it does not boil! Otherwise, all the useful properties of the base are down the drain. Therefore, slowly and gradually .... I have already said that this is why I prefer the less traumatic method with a water bath? Not?

After melting, we add all the conceived components to the base. Fixed oils can make the base cloudy and opaque. Therefore, attention, do not overdo it. An English base can take about a teaspoon of oils per 100 grams of base without changing the transparency. I usually add half a teaspoon of the oil mixture, that's fine. Now add essential oils to the base. How many? But I can't say for sure, it all depends on the quality of the oils and their volatility. For example, all citrus fruits are extremely unstable ...

And for the decor of the soap, we will prepare beautiful dry flowers, twigs and leaves, chamomile, lavender and what else do you have there?

Just don't think that making a beautiful soap with dried flowers is so easy. They just strive to surface

Therefore, we use the double fill method, i.e. fill the mold up to half, wait until it grabs a little, lay out the decor, drip a little melted base onto it to fix it, and after a while we fill the rest of the base from above. BUT! Before pouring the second layer, the first one must be sprinkled with alcohol (if not, then vodka) from a spray bottle. Believe me, this is how it should be, then the layers will grasp tightly.

Choose silicone molds for filling, this is the most convenient option. After an hour, you can shake out absolutely ready-made soap from them. It doesn't work that easily with plastic molds, you have to knock out the soap with a knife or freeze it in the refrigerator. Although in this case everything works out, it's just more troubles

But how nice it is to take in your hands a fragrant and beautiful soapy piece, made with your own hands!

Content of the article:

Homemade toilet soap has long become a popular handicraft object, allowing you to obtain fragrant products from natural raw materials of the most different forms and colors. The technology of home soap making is not difficult even for beginners, and the components for its preparation can be purchased at any place convenient for you - both in a regular store or pharmacy, and in a specialized online store.

Homemade soap is distinguished by natural ingredients, the use of aromatic oils, unusual shapes and original design... But many still do not know how to make transparent soap at home. This soap can be made in two ways - using a glycerin base, or making a clear soap from scratch.

Glycerin soap - benefits and disadvantages

Why do you need glycerin soap? The fact is that glycerin, not being a natural product, facilitates the penetration of other nutrients into the skin contained in any cosmetic product... This is why glycerin is often added to soaps, hand creams or face creams. In addition, glycerin provides additional moisture to the skin, which is an obstacle to the formation of expression and age wrinkles. However, it is still not worth getting too carried away using such a soap, since an excess amount of glycerin accumulates in the pores, impairing the supply of oxygen to the skin.

Well, if you realized how important it is to learn how to make glycerin soap at home, let's understand the specifics of the technological process.

How to make glycerin soap from scratch

We measure out 150 g of palm and 105 g of coconut oil, add 100 ml of castor oil and 70 ml of olive oil. We put the resulting mixture in the microwave to melt the hard oils.

Using a scale we measure 70 g of alkali and pour it into 145 ml of ice water. As a result of a chemical reaction, heat is released, so we give the resulting solution the opportunity to cool down, at the same time we wait for the mixture of oils from the microwave to cool down a little too.

Pour the melted oils into a wide container, add an alkaline solution filtered through a strainer, mix gently and beat the mass with a blender until a trace appears. After that, for 40 minutes we warm up the future soap in a water bath. Do not forget to cover the container with a lid to prevent the liquid from evaporating. From time to time we stir the mass with a spoon, while we ourselves, meanwhile, cook the syrup from 45 ml of water and 112 g of powdered sugar.

When the sugar is completely dissolved, move on to the next step. We measure 25 g of stearic acid and dilute it in 68 g of glycerin. When the soap base, standing in a water bath, has passed the gel stage and begins to thicken, add 118 ml of alcohol to it, keep it covered for another 5 minutes, and then pour out the sugar syrup. Now it remains to add the glycerin base and 40 ml of alcohol, and after 10 minutes we pour 20 ml of olive oil there, the so-called overfat.

If foam appears, remove it with alcohol, sprinkling it through a spray bottle. Remove the container from the heat, add dyes and flavors and pour ready-made soap on molds, after sprinkling them with alcohol. After 24 hours we take it out and admire the result of our labor.

The composition of the oils can be changed, using them, depending on your capabilities and preferences. To obtain transparent soap products, you can use almond oil, castor oil, avocado oil and even lard. Essential oils of orange, lavender or mint can be used as flavorings, enriching homemade soap products with health and healing effects.

How to make glycerin-based clear soap

This cooking method is much easier. Cut the finished transparent soap base into cubes or rub it on a grater, melt in a water bath or in the microwave, add oil, flavor and dye. You can add a little milk, cream or herbal decoctions to the base. We pour the resulting mass into molds and in an hour we get a beautiful and fragrant soap.

Do not rush the process and put the soap in the refrigerator to harden as soon as possible. If you're in a hurry, get a cloudy, unattractive piece instead of a transparent soapy masterpiece.

As you can see, anyone who does not want to use industrial products, but wants to use an exclusive natural product, can make their own soap.

Safe soap making

By itself homemade soap completely harmless, but individual components, in particular, alkali, can be harmful to health, so we remember and use the rules of safe work.

When boiling soap, eyes and hands must be protected from the ingress of alkali or alcohol vapors. Rubber gloves, a respirator and goggles - these protective equipment should be purchased even before you start the soap making process.

Alcohol and open flames are dangerous combinations, so be careful and careful when adding alcohol to a soap base. Alkaline should not be added to dishes used for food. If you often make soap, purchase a separate container for alkali or use disposable cups.

In addition to a pronounced caring effect, homemade glycerin soap expands the possibilities of obtaining original products worthy of being an excellent gift. For example, you can arrange rose petals or even whole flowers, coffee beans or spices before pouring the soap base into the molds. The result is a soap with a very unusual decorative effect.

You can make a combination soap, alternating transparent and opaque layers, or divide the transparent base into several parts and paint them in different colours, then pour it into a large form in layers. After hardening, cut into thin plates and roll them up. Such an original spiral soap will surely delight and bring many pleasant moments to everyone who happens to use it.

Soap of different colors can be cut into cubes and filled with a transparent base for a colorful mosaic soap. There are many ideas for making homemade soap that you can spy on the Internet, but you should not be afraid of daring experiments and your own imagination. In this case, your soap will definitely be unique and unrepeatable.

A variety of containers can be used as molds. The soap poured into silicone muffins or cookies looks original and creative. You can use plastic machines, cubes and other hollow containers found on children, and also make soap in molds designed specifically for home soapmakers. The material of the molds can be any, but do not use glass containers, from which it is very difficult to get the finished product. To make it easy to remove, silicone, plastic or metal molds must be greased with liquid petroleum jelly, any base oil, or sprinkled with alcohol.

Do not rush to use the finished product, wait a week or two for it to dry well. And after this period, you can usefully and with great pleasure to experience the foaming, aromatic and moisturizing properties of your own soap product, feeling well-deserved pride in the result.

By the way, if you want to monetize your hobby, turn it into a family business. It is worth practicing several times, experimenting with different compositions and recipes, learning how to decorate beautifully finished goods, and then start looking for clients who will be able to appreciate your efforts.

Soaps that are transparent and glassy in appearance are commonly called transparent, or glycerin, soaps.

There are at least three types of clear soaps:

• alcohol

• glycerin

• castor

The easiest way to prepare is the most expensive, high-quality alcoholic transparent soap.

For this purpose, a high-quality sound soap made from lard and coconut oil or their mixture is dissolved in alcohol.

The preparation itself can be done in two ways.

• According to the first method, clean, white, highly dried soap is planed with thin plates and dissolved in an equal amount of 92-96 ° alcohol by weight. After dissolution, the excess alcohol is distilled off in a water bath until a drop taken from the soap mass onto a glass rod and dropped onto the glass quickly solidifies into a transparent mass. After that, the soap mass is poured into a prepared clean mold, where it solidifies. For the smell, an alcohol solution of perfume is added before the end of the distillation of alcohol.

• According to the second method of cooking, which requires great skill, alcohol is not distilled off, but it is added in small portions to the salted soap mass removed from the liquors, put into a water bath in a closed boiler, until it becomes transparent. The main condition for obtaining in this way good soap is so that the raw materials for it are as pure as possible. In other words, when making transparent soaps, it is necessary to use well-purified and not rancid fats and completely pure caustic alkali and salt.

Glycerin is added to a solution of sound soap in alcohol. Dye is added after glycerin. Dye fragrance is chosen strong against the action of alkalis.

Transparent soaps without alcohol, they are cooked from such fatty acids, in which the main part is castor oil. All castor oil soaps are relatively transparent by themselves. In combination with glycerin or sugar solution, castor soaps are very transparent. However, soaps made only from castor oil without other fats are soft (smeared), do not foam and can turn rancid, giving off an unpleasant odor and yellowing. Therefore, transparent soaps without alcohol are always brewed from fat mixtures.

The best additives to castor oil are beef or lard and Coconut oil.

Glycerol is not only a filler that makes the soap transparent (which is also achieved by introducing a sugar solution), but when added in sufficient quantity, it prevents castor oil from going rancid. In addition, glycerin, when acting on the skin, softens it, and when added to the soap protects it from drying out.

It would seem that the need to make soap at home has disappeared thanks to the huge selection of this cosmetic product in stores. But soap making is gaining more and more popularity. Soap-makers show off their masterpieces to one another, invent new recipes, conduct master classes and even earn good money from their hobby. There are also dedicated departments and shops for soap making, which once again proves the growing demand for soap making. Is it so easy to make your own soap?

Why is homemade soap better than store-bought soap?

Soap that is sold in regular stores household chemicals and supermarkets, does not contain natural ingredients. It is, in fact, difficult to call it soap, since soap is saponified vegetable fats, not refined petroleum products. A store product often dries out the skin and can cause allergic reactions.

When making at home, you can only use natural ingredients suitable for your skin type. And if now it is just a hobby, then later it can become a profitable business.

Soap self made can be of different colors, with beautiful stains and interspersed with scrubbing elements

What ingredients are used

You can prepare both soap "from scratch" and from a ready-made commercial base. You can also use natural, fragrance-free baby soap as the latter. And for the thrifty, there are ways to digest remnants and turn "waste" into fragrant soap.

It is much easier to work with a ready-made framework. It comes in transparent and white. Organic bases for making natural soaps are also commercially available. You can buy them in soap shops. It is not difficult to work with the base, but some skills are still required. As for making soap "from scratch", then in this case knowledge in the field of chemistry will also be required, since you will have to work with alkali. Before you start making soap, be sure to familiarize yourself with safety precautions when working with alkali.

The amount of ingredients will depend on how the soap is made and the recipe. Let's consider a list of required components for each case.

Ingredients for soap base

All basic ingredients can be purchased at a specialty store, while additional ingredients can be found at your regular supermarket. Some will surely be found in your home. You will need:

• ready-made base;
• base vegetable oils;
• dyes;
• flavors;
• essential oils;
• herbs, petals, honey, ground coffee - optional;
• medical alcohol.

Bases from different manufacturers differ in price, hardness, solidification rate and other characteristics. There are organic bases that are used to make all-natural soaps.

A transparent soap is prepared from a transparent base.

Base oils are used to fortify soaps, giving them the benefits of moisturizing, nourishing and softening. Without them, the product dries the skin, and also quickly "dries out", cracks and exfoliates. For the same purpose, you can add body cream or milk, cream or pasteurized milk.

Important! Don't overdo it with moisturizers and oils. If you decide to add fatty milk, reduce the amount. Soap saturated with fats does not foam well.

Dyes are available in liquid and dry form. It is most convenient to use liquid drops, since it is very easy to measure out the required number of drops. Dry dyes are pre-mixed with oils or liquid and only then are added to the finished mass. Try not to overdo it with dyes, as this will also make the foam colored when lathering. To get started, it will be enough to purchase three basic colors: red, yellow and blue. By mixing them, you can achieve almost any shade.

In addition to purchased artificial colors, you can also use natural ones. It can be spices (turmeric, curry), the same base oils (sea buckthorn, pumpkin), different fillers (colored clays, ground coffee, cocoa, strong herbal decoctions). Of course, with their help it will not be possible to achieve bright, saturated colors, but the soap will be as environmentally friendly and natural as possible.

For decoration, you can also use pearlescent pigments, glitters and various decor.

With the help of special dyes, you can give the soap any shade

Flavors are responsible for a beautiful aroma. You can use confectionery flavors, or you can look for special flavors for home cosmetics... Instead of artificial aromas, they use essential oils, honey, chocolate, coffee, dried zest, herbs, flowers and petals. Disadvantage essential oils there is the fact that they erode faster. They are usually given at the very end.

Alcohol is also used in soap making. It removes air bubbles from the surface of the soap and connects the layers in a multi-layer colored soap. To do this, alcohol is poured into a fine spray bottle and sprayed onto the surface of the product.

You can add a decoction of medicinal herbs, dried chamomile flowers and natural essential oils to homemade soap.

In order for the soap to acquire such properties as scrubbing, anti-cellulite effect, smoothing of wrinkles, etc., various fillers are added to it. This is ground coffee, powder from nut shells, clay, oat flour, crushed sea salt and much more. All these are additional caring elements that will give the soap the desired useful properties.

Do not use fresh fruits, berries, cucumbers, ginger root, or similar ingredients. They will rot and quickly render your enriched soap unusable. Instead, use dried herbs and leaves, petals and small dried flowers, ginger powder, and dried fruits.

Instruments and devices

You will also need:

• enameled or stainless steel pan;
• any other pot for a water bath;
• a plastic or glass microwave container;
• a spoon;
• whisk;
• measuring cup;
• electronic kitchen scales;
• spray for alcohol;
• forms for soap.

Molds can be bought in the same specialized stores or you can use silicone pastry molds. Children's plastic molds for playing with sand, containers for yogurt or sour cream, and other small containers made of flexible plastic are also suitable. Purchased forms are made of plastic or silicone. For beginners, it is best to use the latter, as it is easiest to get ready-made soap from them.

Soap molds come in plastic and silicone

As for the dishes, you cannot use aluminum pots, cast iron dishes. For these purposes, stainless steel containers with an enamel coating, as well as heat-resistant glass and plastic containers for use in a microwave oven are suitable. You will need a measuring cup and a scale to get the exact amount of ingredients.

What ingredients are used to make soap "from scratch"

The soap base is prepared independently using only three components:

• alkali;
• saponification oils;
• liquid - distilled water, herbal decoction, milk.

To make bar soap, you need caustic soda (NaOH). It is sold in the form of flakes or small crystals. Alkali is needed for saponification of fats, namely base oils.

Caustic soda is also called caustic soda.

In preparing soap "from scratch", the so-called overfilling is of great importance. Since fats cease to be useful after reacting with alkali, it is recommended to add more oils at the end of cooking. This will be overfat. As a rule, valuable and expensive oils are used for it.

Any vegetable oils can be used. Pork fat is added. The liquid is needed in order to pre-dissolve the alkali and prepare it to combine with fats. Using decoctions of medicinal herbs, you will give the soap useful properties, as well as a natural aroma and shade.

To improve the soap, its coloring and aromatization, the following components are used:

• plasticizers - sugar, sorbitol, fructose, honey;
• acids - lactic, succinic, stearic, citric;
• lanolin;
• glycerol;
• enrichment oils (overfat);
• dyes;
• flavors;
• various useful fillers.

Colorants, flavors and fillers are used the same. Plasticizers are needed to make the soap more pliable and to improve foaming. The acids will harden the soap and give it bactericidal properties. Lanolin will soften dry and rough skin.

Using different base oils, you can give the soap caring, beneficial properties

Supporting tools

You will need:

• two pots (one can be made of heat-resistant glass);
• hand blender;
• measuring cup;
• a glass stirring rod or a regular spoon;
• capacity for working with alkali;
• forms.

Important! The tools that were used to prepare the soap must not be used later for cooking!

When working with alkali, great attention is paid to safety measures

Ingredients for different types of soaps: for face, hands and body

To give soap different qualities you will need the appropriate components. Some of them have emollient properties, others are moisturizing and nourishing, and still others are bactericidal and drying. It is worth noting that it is best to use the appropriate soap for each part of the body. It is not recommended to wash your face with body or hand soap. Also, not all ingredients are suitable for every skin type.

Table: Recommended ingredients for making soap according to its use

Components	Arms	Face: skin types				Body
		Normal	Dry	Bold	Problematic
Base oils	olive cocoa Palm jojoba shea (shi) walnut	olive almond cocoa avocado	castor evening primrose shea (shi) wheat germ rose hips almond avocado	sweet almonds apricot kernels peach kernels hazelnut	olive sea ​​buckthorn	olive cocoa coconut shi (karite) almond sesame and etc.
	any	ylang-ylang lavender geranium jasmine chamomile	lavender palmarosa neroli ylang-ylang jasmine mint	lemon cypress geranium rosemary	juniper fir sandal tea tree eucalyptus	Orange grapefruit eucalyptus tea tree and etc.
Fillers, including scrubbing	lanolin glycerol beeswax	cosmetic clay ground coffee chopped herbs milk	cosmetic clay powdered milk glycerol decoctions of herbs chamomile extract, mint, mother-and-stepmother, linden blossom	cosmetic clay Activated carbon camphor alcohol infusions and decoctions calendula and chamomile propolis tincture	cosmetic clay Activated carbon eucalyptus leaves infusions and decoctions of herbs	clay loofah honey sea ​​salt ground coffee eucalyptus leaves tar seaweed

Geranium oil is recommended for aging skin as it helps to smooth wrinkles. Mint will save you from dryness, and juniper will saturate the skin useful substances... For rough, dry skin, it is recommended to use lanolin. Orange oil, seaweed, loofah and ground coffee have an anti-cellulite effect and make the skin firm.

Essential oils give a beautiful aroma, and also "enrich" the soap with beneficial properties

Making bar soap at home

First, the base is melted in a water bath or in a microwave oven. In the first method, the base melts longer, but a uniformly melted mass is obtained. In addition, you can independently control the entire melting process. When heated in an oven, there is a risk of the base boiling. Therefore, set the power to the lowest setting and heat for 1 minute, checking the condition of the base every 5-10 seconds.

From a soap base

Having prepared all the necessary ingredients and appliances, do the following:

1. Cut the base into small cubes and place in a suitable container.
   

   The chopped soap base is placed in a glass container.

2. Melt in the microwave.
3. Add all the fillers to the molten mass.
   

   This is what the melted base looks like after adding the oils.

4. Mix everything well.
5. Fill the molds with soapy mass.
6. Eliminate air bubbles by spraying with alcohol.
7. Leave the soap to harden for 24 hours.
   

   The soap should be in the molds until it hardens completely.

8. Remove the soap from the molds after one day.
9. Wrap in plastic or use immediately.

   Such a beautiful soap can be obtained from a ready-made base, oils and pigments.

This is the standard sequence of actions. The amount of ingredients and fillers depends mainly on the recipe.

• base oils - 1/3 tsp;
• essential oils - 3-7 drops;
• flavoring agent - 3-4 drops;
• liquid dye - 1–7 drops;
• dry pigment - 1/3 tsp.

Other additives (herbs, clay, scrubbing components) can be added at will, as well as in accordance with the recipe.

Important! Esters are added at the very end to a warm, but not hot, "soapy" mass. They are quite volatile, evaporate quickly, and their properties are lost.

Video: How to make soap from a ready-made soap base

Cold and hot production from scratch

This is the real soap making. You can prepare only the base and use it in the future as a ready-made purchase.

Making soap from scratch is not the safest activity. You have to work with alkali, and it is known to be capable of leaving burns on the body. Therefore, much attention is paid to remedies and familiarization with the properties of alkali, its reaction with water, as well as with the chemical reactions that occur during the saponification of fats and their transformation into the very soap.

Alkaline, reacting with water, gives off a pungent odor and is very harmful to mucous membranes. Skin contact with alkali causes severe burns, so be extremely careful when working with this substance.

Safety rules when working with alkali

• Be sure to use protective equipment: goggles, respirator, rubber gloves.
• Clothes and shoes should be as closed as possible.
• The utensils and utensils that are used to prepare soap are not used for cooking.
• Working with lye is best done outdoors. If this is not possible, open the windows and turn on the hood.
• Food should not be prepared in the kitchen. Children and animals should also not be present.
• Reacting with water, the alkali heats up very much, as a violent reaction occurs. Make sure that the water is as chilled as possible, and preferably with ice cubes.
• The container should be made of glass, ideally a special container for working with alkali.

This is the minimum list of requirements to keep you safe while preparing a soap base. Then follow the general rules for making soap from scratch.

Another important point. An alkaline solution is poured into liquid oils and not vice versa! You also need to strain the solution to avoid introducing whole soda crystals.

To make sure that the oils and alkali have worked completely and that the soap is absolutely safe for the skin, we recommend using special indicator strips (litmus test). Just dip the tip of the strip into the soap and wait for the reaction. Next, compare the color of the paper with the color scale on the package. The darker the shade, the higher the pH level. Soaps with a pH above 10 are considered immature and not ready for use.

To prepare the base, they use ready-made recipes or develop their own using a special soap calculator. The latter can be found on the Internet at many soap making sites. The trick is that you have to calculate the amount of oils and alkali for the correct ratio. It is difficult for beginners to do this, so we advise you to use ready-made recipes from the Internet.

This is what an online soap ingredient calculator looks like.

Prepare a soap base in two ways:

• Cold way. Simpler, but required long time for the "ripening" of the soap.
• Hot way. More complex at first, but the soap is ready to use within 24 hours.

Let's consider each of them.

Cold way

1. Measure out the correct amount of alkali.
2. Pour ice water into a special container.
3. Pour the lye into the water slowly and stir immediately.

   Alkali is added to the liquid gradually, stirring gently

4. While the mixture is cooling, proceed with the oils.
5. Melt hard oils in a water bath or in the microwave.

   Solid oils are heated in a water bath until they are completely melted.

6. Mix all oils until smooth.
7. Measure the temperature of alkali and oils - one should be approximately the same and be 37–38 ° C (use an electronic thermometer).
8. Add an alkaline solution to the oils while filtering it through a strainer.
9. Stir gently.
10. Turn on the blender and begin to beat the mixture of oils and lye. Alternate whipping and stirring in off mode.

    Beat the oils with an alkali solution using a hand blender

11. Once the mixture is viscous, you can start adding the various health benefits, colors, and flavors.
12. At this stage, superfat, essential oils, and other natural ingredients are added.

    When the soap base becomes viscous, you can start adding different fillers and usefulness.

13. Pour the finished mixture into molds and leave to harden.
14. Remove soap after 24 hours and remove from mold.
15. Wrap in plastic and leave to ripen for at least 4 weeks.

A long stage of maturation is necessary for the soap to pass from the "trace" stage to the "gel" stage. If we talk in simple words, then during this time it will become what it should be.

Video: Soap "from scratch" in the cold way

At the "trace" stage, when the mass begins to thicken, you can stop and leave everything as it is. The solidified mass will be the soap base, which can then be melted and made into fragrant homemade soap.

Hot way

Before the "trace" stage, soap is prepared in the same way as in the cold process. The fun begins later.

So, the viscous base is ready. We proceed to its next processing:

1. We put a container with a soapy mass in a water bath. The water level in the saucepan must be up to the level of the mass in the container.
2. Cook over low heat for 3-4 hours under the lid.

   Cooking the soap base is carried out under a closed lid over low heat

3. We monitor the water level in the pan and stir every 30 minutes.
4. The mass should become gelatinous and not stick to your fingers.
5. When the base is ready, you can safely proceed to its "filling".

   Litmus test (pH indicator) will help determine the alkalinity of the finished soap base

6. Add extra fat in the same way, at the very end.
7. The soap is poured into molds and allowed to thicken completely within 24 hours.
8. Your homemade, natural soap is ready to use.

Video: Hot soap from scratch

As you can see, the hot method is much more difficult, but it has the advantage that the soap can be used almost immediately after it has been prepared.

Soap recipes

There are a huge number of cooking recipes different types soaps differing in their purpose, properties, fillers and appearance... Let's take a look at a few recipes using a base, but you can also apply them to making soap from scratch if you wish.

Baby

• organic base - 250 g;
• carrot juice - 1/2 tsp;
• decoction of a string and chamomile - 1 tsp;
• almond oil - 8 drops;
• mandarin oil - 1-2 drops;
• funny baby molds made of silicone in the form of animals.

It's very simple: melt the base, mix with the rest of the ingredients, pour into molds and leave for 24 hours to harden the soap.

These cute cubs can be made from a soap base and other ingredients.

Tar

• transparent base - 100 g;
• calendula oil extract - 1/3 tsp;
• birch tar - 1.5 tsp (sold in a pharmacy);
• mint essential oil - 6-8 drops.

In the melted and slightly cooled base, add the ingredients in the following sequence: oil extract, tar and, at the end, essential oil. Mix everything thoroughly and pour into molds.

Birch tar has antiseptic and antifungal properties, so this soap will be useful for problem skin.

It will look like this tar soap from an opaque natural base

Two-layer colored soap with honey

Using this recipe, you can make a beautiful decorative soap from layers of different colors.

First layer:

• transparent base - 50 g;
• yellow food dye - 3 drops;
• flavoring "Honey" - 10 drops;
• natural honey - 1 tsp;
• grape seed oil - 1/3 tsp.

Second layer:

• white base - 100 g;
• avocado oil - 1/2 tsp;
• pasteurized milk - 2 tsp;
• pearlescent pigment - 1/2 tsp;
• form in the form of honeycombs.

First, prepare the first layer from a transparent base, pour it into a mold and sprinkle with alcohol. When the layer has cooled, sprinkle it with alcohol again and pour over the prepared white base.

This yellow-white soap has a unique honey aroma

Using remnants

Agree, sometimes it is a pity to throw away the remains of soap or the so-called remnants. We offer a simple way to "reanimate" remnants and make soap from them, which in the end may even surpass its "original source". Both solid and liquid soaps can be made from "soapy" residues.

In addition to the remnants, you will need the following ingredients and tools:

• remnants - 200 g;
• water - 5 tbsp. l .;
• glycerin - 2 tbsp. l .;
• alcohol tincture of calendula - 2 tbsp. l .;
• essential oils and fragrances - optional;
• grater for rubbing remnants;
• containers for a water bath;
• a spoon;
• forms.

You can use a wide variety of remnants, except, of course, the remnants of laundry soap and various stain removers. You can take any fillers and fragrances. With their help, you "enrich" the soap, give it new useful properties and aromas.

Glycerin is needed to obtain a more viscous consistency, it helps the components dissolve faster and retains the desired moisture. Instead of alcoholic tincture of calendula, you can use rubbing alcohol.

The remnants will need to be melted in a water bath. Thus, the contents will be evenly heated and melted to the desired consistency.

So, having prepared all the necessary ingredients and tools, get to work:

1. Place a pot of water in a water bath to heat up. Reduce heat when the water boils.
2. Rub the remnants with a grater.

   To make soap, you must first grate the remnants on a coarse grater.

3. Transfer the shavings to a suitable container.
4. Pour in water, glycerin and calendula tincture.
5. Mix everything and put to heat.
6. Stir the soap and make sure it doesn't boil.
7. Remove the pan from the heat when most of the remnants are completely melted.
8. Let the mixture cool slightly.
9. Add the fillers you want.
10. Fill in the forms with the finished mass.
11. Put the soap in a cool place for 24 hours.
12. Remove the soap from the mold and let it dry for two more days.
13. The finished product is stored wrapped in plastic wrap or used immediately.

    From unevenly melted colored pieces, you can prepare the so-called "marble" soap

In the same way, you can make soap from the remains of the soap base and baby soap.

Video: How to make solid soap from remnants

How to make liquid soap

For the preparation of liquid soap "from scratch" use a different type of alkali, namely KOH (potassium hydroxide) This type of soap is also called potash. Liquid soap can be made from the same remnants, from baby soap, from the remains of a soap base, or any solid soap. Consider the cooking process.

From the remnants

To prepare 1 liter of liquid soap you will need:

• remnants - 50 g;
• distilled water - 1 liter;
• tincture of calendula or medical alcohol - 2 tbsp. l .;
• essential oil - 3 drops;
• liquid food dye - 3 drops;
• glycerin - 4 tbsp. l.

Put a pot of water on the fire and do the following:

Video: how to make liquid soap from remnants

Liquid laundry soap

It is used for washing linen and dishwashing. You will need one bar of laundry soap (200 g), 1 L of water, essential oils and fragrances - optional. How to cook:

1. Rub the soap on a grater - the finer the shavings, the faster they will dissolve.
2. Pour the shavings into a stainless steel pot and add water.
3. Stir the ingredients and cook over low heat until the chips are completely dissolved.
4. At the end, strain the mixture through a sieve and cool slightly.
5. Add about 20 drops of an essential oil or fragrance.
6. Pour the prepared liquid soap into a plastic bottle.
7. Concentrated Laundry Gel is ready.

The finished product is stored in a closed container.

Photo gallery: beautiful handmade soap

Loofah soap has a scrubbing and anti-cellulite effect on the skin Herbal soap is always a pleasure to use. Extraordinary healing properties pine soap has a beautiful aroma The millet in the form of a jelly dessert looks very appetizing. This soap is practically indistinguishable from natural mineral This soap not only looks beautiful, but also smells delicious. The main thing is not to confuse this soap with a real cake! Natural soap without artificial colors and additives, the most beneficial for the skin Snowflake soap will be a great gift for the New Year Homemade colored soap with various additives will decorate the bathroom Handmade soap comes in a wide variety of shapes and colors.

My name is Olya, I am 29 years old. I like writing articles, making artistic descriptions of goods for websites. The following topics are in priority: jewelry, clothing, interior items, cooking, as well useful tips(everyday life). It is very important for me that my texts are liked by readers, customers and, of course, myself!

The main difference in cooking from hot cooking is the introduction of additional components that give transparency to the soap, namely:

Alcohol - 33% of the total weight of oils
glycerin - 15% of the total weight of oils
sugar or sorbitol - 20% of the total weight of oils
water for syrup (calculated from the total percentage of water input) -15% of the total weight of the oils.

When cooking glycerin transparent soap the selected oils play an important role in its transparency. So, almond oil, apricot kernel oil, castor oil, avocado oil, olive oil, coconut oil, palm oil, shea butter, lard will give transparency to glycerin soap. These oils can also be added to the overfat.

1. Glycerin soap hardens for a long time, therefore for fast hardening it is recommended to add stearic acid, lard into the composition.
2. You cannot put glycerin soap in the refrigerator, so instead of transparent you get cloudy soap !!!
3. With alcohol on the stove - be careful - it can catch fire.
4. The higher the degree of alcohol, the better the soap.
5. Glycerin soap should not be whipped intensively, otherwise all the soap will be in bubbles!

So, let's get down to making glycerin soap.

How to make glycerin clear soap

To make glycerin soap, we need:
1) accurate scales (better electronic)
2) enameled pan or stainless steel
3) spoon
4) thermometer
5) container for weighing components, for example, I weigh in plastic cup and after it I throw it away
6) personal protective equipment: respirator, gloves, glasses.

1. We measure out the oils according to the recipe, we heat them in the bath (in a saucepan, which is in a deeper pot of water on the stove).

2. We measure out ice-cold purified water and lye according to the recipe. Based on experience, I recommend 33% water of the total amount of oils for dissolving alkali. Pour alkali into a container with water(a jar or heat-resistant plastic, and put in an ice bath, so that the jar does not accidentally burst). Stir with a wooden or plastic spatula.

3. When the alkali dissolves and the oil melts and reaches the same temperature of about 35-40 degrees, pour the alkaline solution into the oils, preferably through a strainer, suddenly not all of the alkali is well dissolved. The mass will immediately become cloudy and thicken.

4. Stir for a minute with a spoon, then with a blender (or mixer), until an average trace appears, as in the picture.

5. We put on a bath on a low heat (50-60 degrees). We cover with a lid (it is best to wrap it with a towel so that condensation does not drip into the mass) and keep it in the bath for 30-40 minutes, stirring every 15 minutes.

6. The mass first becomes thick and as if solid, and then a translucent gel appears

Add overfat and mix.

What is overfat? Superfat is the part of oils that will not react with alkali and will soften, nourish and moisturize your hair and skin. After all, if you make the overfat 0%, then the soap will be very dry, and the oil that you have determined for the overfat (it does not have to be the same as in the bulk) must be added to the trail, otherwise it will react and the soap will dry! In toilet soap, the fat is 5-10% of the total mass of oils.

10. Pour the heated alcohol into the mass, mix thoroughly, do not mix quickly, otherwise a strong foam may appear.

11. After stirring all the pieces as much as possible, cover and let stand for 10 minutes.

12. In the meantime, prepare the sugar syrup. We boil 15% of water from the total amount of oils in the recipe, add sugar, mix well.

13. Pour the syrup into the soapy mass, stir, the mass will look transparent.

14. Again simmer in the bath for 5 minutes and pour in the glycerin, mix and leave in the bath for forty minutes.

15. The soap mass is in the bath from the beginning of the process for only 2 hours, as in ordinary soap in a hot way.

16. While the soap is in the bath, prepare a mixture of essential oils or fragrances. 500 gr. oils - about 20 ml. And also dilute in small amount water food coloring or measure out chlorophyllipt.

17. After 2 hours, remove the foam. There remains only a transparent mass, which is covered with a thin film, which you can pop with alcohol and it will disperse.

18. Pour a mixture of essential oils into the mass, add a dye for color.

19. Pour the prepared soap into the molds.

20.After a day we take out the beautiful clear soap and we can use it right away or just wait a week to be sure.

Clear soap from scratch

With the help of the game with dyes and molds, you can get such a beautiful and funny clear soap from scratch:

If you fill the loofah with glycerin soap, you will get such a beautiful clear soap from scratch, it foams well and can be washed without a washcloth.
Loofah is an annual southern plant of the pumpkin family. Lufu is popularly called a loofah gourd, or "mad cucumber", since the green cylindrical fruits resemble this vegetable. It can be up to 5 meters long.

Alternatively, you can combine clear soap from scratch with a regular one and get beautiful designs like this:

You can make such rolls from clear soap from scratch and fill them with soap of a different color. They are made simply: ready-made soap is cut into thin petals, best of all with a knife for cleaning vegetables and twisted.

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