What are early signs pregnancy. When is the best time to take tests or do an ultrasound after a possible conception.

Pregnancy is a happiness that only women can experience. Its onset is a long-awaited event, accompanied by certain signs. This article will talk about each of them, and tell you how to correctly determine the "interesting" position without conducting a test.

At what time can pregnancy be accurately determined?

The appearance of nausea, fatigue and drowsiness are the first signs of pregnancy, but they do not appear in every woman.

There are several ways to help confirm or refute the emergence of a new life in the tummy. Each of them requires the passage of a certain time after the estimated date of conception. Among them are:

• Doctors recommend taking a blood test to determine pregnancy 1-2 weeks after the expected date of conception of the child. Lead time laboratory research- 1 day. A positive result can be expected 8-10 days after ovulation or egg fertilization.
• Another way to determine pregnancy is a urine test. It is best done in the first days of the delay, since not always a positive result is manifested even before it occurs.
• A pregnancy test is a popular method among women. It is recommended to do it in the first days of the delay, in order to obtain a more accurate result.

To get true information about pregnancy, it is best to do two tests, but using test strips from different manufacturers.

• Measuring basal temperature is another way to determine pregnancy. It is produced from the first days of delay, for several days. In case of a positive result, BT will be higher than the standard values.
• Ultrasound will show the presence of pregnancy in 2 - 2.5 weeks after the conception of the child. The embryo will be best seen with a transvaginal examination.

Sonography will help determine pregnancy 10-15 days after fertilization of the egg.

The main symptoms that occur in pregnant women: what to expect? Video

The first signs of pregnancy appear only on the 20-22nd day of pregnancy, when the fertilized egg has already firmly attached to the wall of the uterus and began its development. A girl who assumes her pregnancy should monitor her condition, notice all the changes that occur with her body.

Among the symptoms that occur in pregnant women, one can distinguish:

• elevated basal body temperature
• delay of "critical" days
• pain in the lumbar region
• bouts of nausea
• fatigue
• loss of consciousness
• breast enlargement, nipple sensitivity
• odor intolerance
• bloody issues
• an increase in salivation, which was not observed before
• desire to eat sour, sweet or salty foods

Video: The first signs of pregnancy

Elevated basal body temperature is the first sign of pregnancy

An increase in basal temperature is the first sign of pregnancy. It varies at around 37-37.2 degrees in the first 2-4 weeks after conception.

Doctors attribute its appearance to the active production of the hormone - progesterone, this occurs during the development of the embryo. At this time, you need to walk more on fresh air, eat fruits and vitamins necessary for the proper development of the fetus.

Absence of menstruation - the second sign of pregnancy

Delayed menstruation is one of the main indicators of pregnancy in women. If it is accompanied by other symptoms (nausea, intolerance to smells, drowsiness, a constant desire to lie down, etc.), then the likelihood of an “interesting” situation is very high.

To check your expectations, you need to contact a gynecologist or take a test.

Enlargement and change in the appearance of the breast - the third sign of pregnancy

The breast reacts quickly enough to the birth of life in the uterus. From the very first days, swelling and swelling of the nipples begins to be traced. They become more sensitive, which was not noticed before.

If this all happens along with other signs, then you should think about going to the hospital to the local gynecologist. The doctor will examine, confirm or deny the alleged pregnancy.

Change in taste preferences is the fourth sign of pregnancy

A cardinal change in taste preferences is a common situation in pregnant women. Experts associate it with hormonal changes in the body and iron deficiency, which increases more and more as the fetus grows and develops.

To replenish the body useful substances, vital for future mother and the fetus, it is necessary to use vitamin preparations sold in pharmacies (they contain the whole complex of substances that are necessary for the growth and development of the child).

In no case should you limit yourself in your desires. If the body requires, eat even something that you would never have tried in Everyday life(eg pickles and candy, herring and biscuits, cake and tomato juice, etc.).

The only thing to avoid is foods that can cause harm (eg sushi, due to raw fish content).

Frequent urination is the fifth sign of pregnancy

The main reasons for frequent trips for small needs - change hormonal background in the body of a woman (active production of hCG) and an increase in the size of the uterus, which presses on the bladder.

To reduce the frequency of going to the toilet (especially at night), you need to reduce your fluid intake, as well as foods that may contain it.

The body of a pregnant woman, starting from an early date, functions for two. The kidneys work harder to cleanse amniotic fluid and blood, from the waste products of the fetus. The filtration process occurs due to frequent urination, which disturbs the woman.

No signs of pregnancy in a pregnant woman. Is it possible?

The absence of signs of pregnancy depends on the characteristics of the body. In some cases, even with a regular cycle and excellent health, girls determine their pregnancy only by the first stirring of the crumbs in the tummy. In order not to torment yourself with guesses and hopes, it is worth going to a specialist, he will conduct an examination, and everything will become clear.

What signs may indicate pathologies in the early stages of pregnancy? Urgent help

Among the main indicators that indicate the pathology of fetal development and pregnancy, we can distinguish:

• bleeding
• severe pain in the lower abdomen and lumbar region
• severe nausea and vomiting
• fainting

If any of these symptoms appear, you should immediately contact a medical institution!

Determination of pregnancy without tests and doctors: tips and reviews

There are several folk ways to determine pregnancy without using a test and without going to the doctor.

1. Pour 1 tsp into a container with urine. soda. If it sinks to the bottom - there is pregnancy, if the mixture is taken in bubbles - then the result is negative.
2. A drop of iodine is dripped into a container with urine, if it has dissolved, then the result is negative, if not, it is positive.

Although these methods have found their supporters, they do not always have 100% correct results. It is best to go to the doctor, then everything will fall into place.

Video: How to determine pregnancy using improvised means?

The birth of a new life is an amazing and wonderful period for many women. Unfortunately, on early dates Pregnancy is not always possible to guess about your condition. But if you carefully listen to your body, you can notice some manifestations that indicate that conception has taken place.

The appearance of the first symptoms of pregnancy

Each person has their own individual characteristics of the body. A woman who has a very strong desire to become a mother may seem 2-3 days after intercourse that she is definitely pregnant.

I remember when I really wanted to get pregnant, four days after intercourse I felt sick, my lower abdomen hurt, my chest swelled, weakness appeared. Of course, these signs were self-hypnosis. I wasn't pregnant. In my case, it became clear that I would become a mother only after a two-week delay. But one of my acquaintances, already being pregnant, told me that she felt “attachment of the egg to the uterus.”

After conception, the fertilized egg carries out its movement through the fallopian tubes to the uterus in order to gain a foothold in it and continue its growth and development. This process occurs in the first week of pregnancy, and the female body is not yet able to feel it.

In the first days, the fertilized egg tries to gain a foothold in the body of the expectant mother.

12-14 days after intercourse, a woman is able to notice the changes taking place in her body. Lethargy, reactions to odors, drowsiness, and other signs of possible pregnancy. Not all expectant mothers notice such symptoms. For some, they appear on these dates, for others later, some can pass all 9 months without the manifestation of such sensations.

At week 3, the symptoms of the onset of pregnancy become more pronounced. You can do a test or donate blood for hCG, the result during this period should already be reliable.

Signs such as the absence of menstruation, a positive pregnancy test indicate a high probability of an interesting situation. A blood test can help confirm suspicions. hCG level and ultrasound. But there are other symptoms by which nascent life can be identified.

Subjective feelings in the early stages

In the first weeks after conception, the expectant mother experiences certain sensations. But they are not always signs of pregnancy. These can be symptoms of PMS or some kind of illness, and sometimes it's just self-hypnosis.

Only by visiting a doctor, passing tests for hCG and doing an ultrasound scan, a woman can be sure that she is in a great position.

Drowsiness, insomnia

A woman expecting a baby often wants to sleep all the time in the first weeks. And some expectant mothers suffer from insomnia. Such sleep problems are a sign of pregnancy, and their cause lies in hormonal changes in the body.

When I was expecting my second child, I often woke up at three in the morning and could lie with my eyes closed for an hour or two. I couldn't sleep, even counting sheep didn't help. Such insomnia was observed up to four times a week. And then during the day I suffered from drowsiness.

Headache

Periodically, a headache may occur, which is also one of the signs of an interesting situation. There are many reasons that provoke this symptom:

• increased fatigue;
• lack of sleep;
• hormonal changes in the body;
• nervousness, etc.

Headache often accompanies women in early pregnancy

Weakness, cold feeling

During this period, many pregnant women are constantly accompanied by a feeling of weakness. Some of them develop cold symptoms. This is due to the fact that the woman's immunity is weakening. Her body is trying to save the embryo, which is rejected by the immune system due to the fact that it contains the genetic material of the father, alien to the mother's organism. This symptom is easily confused with SARS, but it can also indicate pregnancy.

Change in the sensitivity of the mammary glands

Most pregnant women experience pain if you touch your chest. The body of the expectant mother is preparing to produce milk. Interestingly, in some of the fair sex, whose breasts hurt before menstruation, on the contrary, sensitivity is lost during this period. Feeling such symptoms, it can be assumed with a high probability that pregnancy has occurred.

At me periodically during monthly hypersensitivity of mammary glands was noted. In my first pregnancy, I felt pain at the slightest movement of my hands. Two years later, a second pregnancy occurred. This time, for 9 months, I did not feel any pain in the chest area.

Feeling hot and chilly

After conception in the early stages, the expectant mother may periodically experience fever or chills during the day. This condition is not necessarily accompanied by an increase in temperature. These signs can also be considered as a signal that pregnancy has occurred.

Increased appetite, reaction to smells

Many women note that in the first weeks of pregnancy they had a very strong appetite. They couldn't eat. Some have developed cravings for some food that was not previously in the diet.
Many moms-to-be have an irresistible craving for food in the early stages.

Often, expectant mothers in the early stages begin to feel smells more acutely, there is an aversion to aromas that they used to like.

One day a friend called me and told me that she was pregnant. She was in the store and the pungent smell of bananas hit her nose. Since this was not her first pregnancy, she easily identified this condition. Later, after our conversation, the test showed a positive result.

Sensitivity to odors, their immunity, uncontrollable hunger signal that a woman may soon have a child.

Pain in the lower abdomen, lower back

The appearance of a feeling of heaviness in the pelvic region, tingling in the uterus, pain in the lower back, in the lower abdomen - all these symptoms also indicate an interesting situation. Often, expectant mothers perceive such sensations as approaching menstruation.

Nausea

Nausea often appears at 6-8 weeks after conception, but there are women who begin to suffer from this symptom in the very early stages. This condition can be accompanied by vomiting, someone is sick only in the morning, someone - all day. It all depends on the individual characteristics of the organism.

Other signs

There are also such signs as the appearance of allergies, flatulence, more frequent urge to urinate. Some women experience discomfort when they sit. These sensations occur less frequently in the early stages, but they should not be discounted either.

Emotions increase during pregnancy. The expectant mother is more often irritated, more nervous, may suddenly burst into tears due to nonsense. Sometimes pregnant women are not even able to control their behavior.

We are all individual. Recalling both of my pregnancies, I can note that nausea came to me after 8–10 weeks, but when I was expecting a second baby, I spent the entire first trimester endlessly running to the toilet because of the frequent urge to urinate. Both in the first and in the second pregnancy, the head constantly hurt, weakness haunted. There were no signs of SARS and pain in the lower abdomen.

Signs of pregnancy by week - table

Gestational age	Symptoms that appear during these periods	How accurate are symptoms indicative of pregnancy?
1 Week	possible discharge	not exactly
2 weeks	not identified
3 week	mild dizziness; drowsiness; pulling pain in the lower abdomen; breast tenderness.	not sure, these signs can be confused with the approach of menstrual days
4 week	pulling pain in the lower abdomen; breast tenderness; mood swings; nausea (rare);	signs indicate a possible pregnancy
5 week	nausea; breast tenderness, enlargement; pulling pain in the lower abdomen; increased sensitivity to odors; increased emotionality; absence of a menstrual cycle.
6 week	increased salivation; fatigue; frequent urination; increased emotionality; nausea, vomiting; stomach ache; weakness, drowsiness, lethargy; breast tenderness; absence of a menstrual cycle.	high chance of pregnancy

External and physiological changes at the beginning of pregnancy

The appearance of a woman in the early stages of pregnancy practically does not change. One of the obvious signs may be breast enlargement and darkening of the areolas around the nipples.
At the initial stages of pregnancy, it is too early to expect noticeable changes in your appearance.

Sometimes they become oily or, conversely, dry hair and skin. Perhaps the appearance of a characteristic strip for pregnant women from the navel to the pubis.

Many girls are afraid that with pregnancy they may have spots on their face, the skin may change color, become inflamed. All these signs are characteristic of later dates. The belly also begins to increase in volume much later.

There are such changes in the work of various organs and systems:

• from the side endocrine system. Perhaps a slight swelling of the thyroid gland, an increase in insulin levels, abnormalities in the work of the adrenal glands. This is due to a change in the work of a number of hormones, which can be detected by passing tests;
• from the side nervous system. The behavior of women changes - one becomes whiny, the other becomes nervous, the third can become super calm;
• from the side of cardio-vascular system. Expectant mothers often develop heart palpitations. These changes are aimed at providing the child with the necessary oxygen;
• from the immune system. Immunity falls, chronic diseases often become aggravated during pregnancy;
• from the digestive system. Nausea, vomiting, changes in the taste perception of products, constipation accompany many expectant mothers;
• from the female genital organs. The uterus increases in size, the vaginal mucosa becomes loose and full-blooded, an increase in the amount of discharge is possible. All these changes are determined by the doctor during the examination;
• in the menstrual cycle. The absence of menstruation is one of the most obvious signs of pregnancy.

In addition, the onset of pregnancy launches a special hormone - human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). An increase in hCG levels in a woman's blood is one of the most accurate ways to find out about an interesting situation. You can determine the level of hCG by taking a blood test or using a urine test strip.

Differences between the first, repeated and multiple pregnancies - table

sign	Multiple pregnancy	First pregnancy	Repeated pregnancy
Fatigue	almost all pregnant twins report excessive fatigue	present	the symptom is present more often than in the first pregnancy
Nausea, vomiting	much more severe discomfort	present	the symptom is present more often and is more pronounced than during the first pregnancy
Hunger	very strong	present
Weight gain	gain more than 2 kg	a woman in the first weeks can gain 1-2 kg
Emotional condition	mood swings, irritability more pronounced	mood swings, irritability
HCG level	rates are higher than in singleton pregnancies	at 3–4 weeks, the norm is 25–150 mIU / ml
Delay of menstruation	clear sign of pregnancy		often accompanied by a delay in menstruation, in very rare cases there may be spotting on the expected days of menstruation

Suddenly, for no reason at all, you wanted cherry jam, pickles and feijoa. You have only heard about the latter before, but today you directly feel its juicy and jelly-like pulp. Tell anyone about your desire - the answer will be unequivocal: you are pregnant!

But is everything so simple?

There are two possible answers. First, if you are really Lately“working” on this issue - then, most likely, such a sudden “taste perversion” is still a sign of pregnancy. If you don’t even think about the baby yet, you should determine in every possible way whether you are pregnant or not. And in the first and in the other option, it is extremely important to find out the truth as soon as possible.

Until the delay

A reliable way to determine pregnancy in the first place is the absence of menstruation. But after all, the conception and subsequent fixation of a fertilized egg in the uterus falls in the middle of the cycle - the ovulatory period. So, before the onset of the next menstruation, there is still a couple of weeks left, during which, being pregnant, a woman may not even be aware of her new position.

Moreover, in most cases, the first weeks of bearing a baby are not indicated in any way by clear signs of pregnancy. And the fact that the conception has happened can only indirectly be suggested by some of the signs.

Basal temperature

For example, an increased basal temperature, which during this period reaches 37-37.2 degrees. An increase in temperature in the anus is due to the active effect on the body of the hormone progesterone. In fact, an increased basal temperature is already observed during the period of ovulation - changes in the temperature schedule for many women striving for motherhood become a signal for “active action”.

That's just, if conception did not occur, over time, after the end of menstruation, the temperature returns to normal. Otherwise, upon the onset of pregnancy, the basal temperature remains elevated - progesterone, which "hosts" the first months in the body of the expectant mother, while maintaining pregnancy, keeps the temperature at elevated levels.

Discomfort in the area of ​​the mammary glands

The very first weeks of pregnancy are also indicated by a feeling of swelling, engorgement of the mammary glands. The chest, having increased somewhat, becomes somewhat more painful, touching it can cause discomfort. That's just to take into account the fact that similar symptoms usually occur in the premenstrual period. Thus, breast swelling and tenderness are common signs of approaching menstruation. Therefore, it is not at all surprising that many women interpret changes in sensations in the chest as symptoms of early menstruation, and not at all as one of the symptoms of a pregnancy that has already begun.

Toxicosis

Toxicosis - a condition characterized by nausea, often provoking vomiting, weakness and fatigue - more often overtakes a woman for a little more later dates when she already knows about her pregnancy. And now, in the first days and weeks of pregnancy, until the delay in menstruation is fixed, and the woman may not even suspect pregnancy, toxicosis does not make itself felt. Sensations in the form of disgust for certain smells, an aggravation of the scent and a change in taste preferences, morning sickness and vomiting will come a little later, after four to five weeks.

After the start of the delay

Absence of menstruation

Of course, the most obvious and almost peremptory sign indicating the onset of pregnancy is the absence of menstruation. Each woman has her own calendar of "red" days. It determines if there is a delay or not.

Increased basal temperature, which persists with the absence of menstruation, can strengthen the confidence of a possible pregnancy. Measurement of basal body temperature is also one of the ways to determine pregnancy in the early stages. This temperature is very easy to measure. On the morning of the second day of the delay, we insert an ordinary medical thermometer into the rectum by 2 cm. We measure for 5 minutes. If the temperature is above 37 degrees for several days in a row, you are pregnant. But it's still not 100%.

But you should keep in mind that menstrual irregularities occur for other reasons as well. For example, inflammatory processes in the vagina.

Positive pregnancy test

On the first day of the delay, we recommend buying. But you will probably do it yourself first. To date, there are many tests in the assortment of pharmacies. Almost all of them operate on the same principle: a plate of dough is impregnated with a chemical reagent that interacts with a specific hormone. This hormone - chorionic gonadotropin - is produced in a woman's body from the first days of pregnancy. It and its decay products are excreted in the urine.

So, if the test is positive, and you still can’t believe that the pregnancy did come, continue your research.

hCG

More complicated, but the most reliable is the result of a blood test for chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) - the hormone of pregnancy. The normal level of hCG in the blood serum is from 0 to 15 mU / ml. If the figure is higher, you are pregnant! This method is good because it can determine pregnancy as early as 10 days after conception. But it takes too much time and effort.

Ultrasonography

More simple, but also reliable, is the result ultrasound. To this day, there are disputes about the harmfulness of this method, especially in the early stages of pregnancy. Doctors agree on one thing for sure: do not abuse it, conduct an ultrasound scan only three weeks after conception. The advantages of ultrasound are that you can make sure that it has not occurred.

Pain in the lower abdomen

In the early stages, some women complain of palpable pain in the lower abdomen. More often they are caused by the process of attaching a fertilized egg to the wall of the uterus. However, keep in mind that the pain in this case should not be strong, constant and persistent. So, pain in the lower abdomen that haunts a woman day and night is a serious reason to consult a doctor. Now, in the first weeks of pregnancy, the fetus is very vulnerable to the influence external signs, and the body is just beginning to adapt to the settlement of a new life in it. Any negligence can cause an abortion, and constant pain in the lower abdomen will also tell you about the risk of such a danger.

Increasing the number of allocations

One should not be surprised and frightened by the observed increase in the number vaginal discharge This is a normal pregnancy symptom. But, at the same time, be sure to pay attention to the quality and consistency of the secretions: if, with an increase in secretions, changes in their nature are also observed, it is imperative to consult a doctor. The reason for going to the hospital is curdled, green-yellow, flaky, purulent, unpleasantly smelling discharge. Whiter changes in this direction - sure sign activation of a sexual infection, which should be treated without fail, according to the scheme and with the use of drugs recommended by a specialist.

Gynecological examination

The last step in determining pregnancy should be a visit to the gynecologist. He will surely give you accurate information. During a vaginal examination, the doctor will examine the uterus and cervix, determine the approximate gestational age, and assess the condition of the woman's internal genital organs.

Abdominal enlargement

There is no need to talk about an increase in the abdomen in the early stages of pregnancy, this most obvious and non-ambiguous external sign of pregnancy will appear only closer to the 4th month. Although the fetus is already actively developing - the cells are dividing with unprecedented speed, non-stop laying and forming internal organs- Outwardly, this does not affect the woman in any way.

In general, it should be noted that the body of each woman is very individual. In any case, already from the first days of pregnancy, changes begin in him - both imperceptible and obvious. It is not uncommon for menstruation to start on time throughout pregnancy. Is it worth mentioning?

Therefore, you should be on the lookout and get checked regularly by a gynecologist.

Probably, information about "folk" methods for determining pregnancy will also be useful.

Every grandmother will interpret a dream about fish and watermelon as a sign of pregnancy. Moreover, if in a dream you saw a perch or crucian carp, a boy will be born, if a pike - a girl. Boiling urine at home also belongs to the "grandmother's recipe". If a precipitate appears as a result, you are pregnant!

And how many external signs of an "interesting" situation exist!

• age spots on the face;
• swelling of the mammary glands, darkening of the nipples, and even in some cases, the release of colostrum;
• excessive sleepiness;
• increased salivation;
• nausea;
• frequent urge to urinate;
• increased irritability and so on.

Be attentive to your body! And let the news of pregnancy become a pleasant and joyful moment in your life!

Especially for- Tanya Kivezhdiy

From a guest

And the first thing I threw out of the window was a stink-flavoring agent from the car and I was terribly short of air, we drove with the window ajar. It just happened to be in the "before the delay" period. The breasts have become more sensitive. And after the delay, I knew all the delights of pregnancy: terrible toxicosis that began immediately after the delay, it’s not clear what I want, eternal drowsiness, constant laziness and fatigue, intolerance to any smells and certain foods, always a terrible lack of air, well, and a little bit of tearfulness and complaints to the poor husband because for self-pity))) Now everything is over and in July we are waiting for a stork with a gift.

From a guest

My God, poor thing! It's good that the baby is ok. And it was necessary to write a complaint against such an irresponsible doctor. What if she with such an attitude someone's pregnancy is scored. Good luck to you and your baby.

From a guest

And I found out that I was pregnant only on the 5th month! Before that, when at the beginning of pregnancy my breasts greatly increased, I decided to consult a gynecologist. (As it turned out later, I was already in the second month of pregnancy) The gynecologist looked into my card ... "So-so ... dysfunction, constant thrush, suspicion of infertility ..." she read out. I said that it seemed to me that I was pregnant and began to demand an answer from her, begged me to look at the chair. Having looked, she said that she did not see any pregnancy, but I was just very suspicious and that I needed to be treated! As a result, she brought me to tears and I went home. At home, I started bleeding and I thought it was my period. Then I lived as usual and could not understand why I felt sick, why I constantly wanted to eat and sleep. I thought that I had bulimia or something else with my health. She began to look for all sorts of illnesses in her, etc. Then my father died, Then there was my wedding. There were so many worries and experiences. During these five months, I continued to bleed and even several times a month, I continued to think that these were my periods with dysfunction. And when I felt some unusual sensations in my stomach, I decided to give a damn about everything and buy a pregnancy test! My joy and surprise knew no bounds when he showed clear two stripes! Then I immediately ran to the clinic and got registered for pregnancy with another specialist! She scolded me very much that I came so late ... But now everything is fine - our boy is already 2 years old;)

The child is growing, and you are looking forward to when he will start talking. Letting the process of speech formation take its course and just wait for the baby to speak on his own is not the best tactic for parents ..

Don't waste precious time

It is necessary to develop the child's speech from the very birth. Surely every mother helps him in this, without knowing it. Mother's heart suggests that you need to talk with the child, talk about what is happening to him. Carry the child around the apartment and explain what he sees. Of course, at first the child's eyesight is not developed enough to see everything, but it is very important for him to hear your voice, your speech.

In the first year of a child's life, the centers of the brain responsible for speech are formed, so these first twelve months are the foundation of speech development.

At the age of three, the speech areas of the brain are almost completely formed, which means that a favorable period in the development of the child’s speech has ended. That is why it is important not to waste time and engage in speech development baby.

Hand development and speech

Domestic scientists came to the conclusion that the hand is the same organ of speech as the articulatory apparatus. To stimulate the development of speech, it is necessary from early childhood to massage each finger, each phalanx.

Experts say that the development fine motor skills Children should be started at the age of two months. You can massage your fingers without using force, it can be stroking, light rubbing. The duration of such classes should not exceed two or three minutes. Do not forget that at the same time you must definitely talk to the baby, smile at him.

A grown-up child can be offered to assemble a pyramid, sculpt from plasticine, draw, play various games (for example, “Ladushki”, “Magpie-Crow”), sort out cereals, put beads on a thread, and so on. Adults must be present at this time.

You can play with a baby pimply ball. Introduce him to different types surfaces - smooth, rough, prickly, soft, wooden.

How early a child starts talking depends only on the parents. He will begin to reproduce speech only when enough words have accumulated in his passive vocabulary for this. Speak to your child clearly and understandably, pay attention to the correctness of your speech. If the parents do not talk to the baby, explain what is happening around, what are the names of the objects around him and what are their properties, the child's speech will be stingy, and the process of its formation will be significantly delayed.

It is important not to miss the stage of early speech formation. Never belittle your child's abilities, even if you think that he is still too young and does not understand much: classes with a baby in early age- the key to the successful development of his speech. Rest assured your hard work will pay off.

Marina Karamasheva

In this article:

Speech is one of the most important mental development child. It is she who is a reflection of his interests, character, needs. At an early age, at 1.5 years, the development of speech is directly related to the formation of thinking. It would not be an exaggeration to say that the development of speech and thinking is a single process.

Regular classes with a child at 1.5 years old, combined with favorable conditions in the family, will be a good start for the development of speech. In most children, with this approach, by the age of three, speech reaches the level of development when they freely express themselves, perfectly understand and remember the speech of adults. Moreover, some children, whose speech development was paid attention to at least from the age of 1.5, already know several songs by the age of three, recite short poems with pleasure, tell fairy tales.

Every child is born with brain qualities inherited from the parental lines. It is they who allow him to learn the speech of adults, gradually mastering the native language that they hear from childhood.

In order for the baby to start talking, he needs to hear speech from childhood, take an indirect part in the conversation. Only in this way can he learn to speak on his own.

Features of the speech of a one and a half year old child

At 1.5 years old, there are already enough words in the speech of children (about 40) so that they begin to build the first simple sentences with their help, for example, “I want to drink!” or "Gimme!". Very often, kids build sentences without grammatically linking the words in them.

The words in your baby's active vocabulary are mostly nouns and a few verbs. Mainly:

• names and names of toys;
• names of relatives;
• animal names.

Personal pronouns and adjectives are also included in the crumbs' active vocabulary, but in a minimal amount. From one and a half to two years, the number of words in the baby's vocabulary increases dramatically from 40 to 100 and even 300 words!

At this time, the kids begin to clearly pronounce the main part of the vowel sounds, while partially trying to replace some of them with distorted sounds, but with simpler articulatory ones, and hard consonants, such as "d", "t", "h", - soft. Along with the simplification of sounds, one can also note the simplification of some words due to shortening, reduction or choosing a fragment of a word with a stressed syllable as the basis, for example, in the word "arrived" it is "eha", and so on.

In order for the development of speech at 1.5 years to be active, it is necessary to constantly talk with the baby, using detailed phrases, as well as sentences of more than four words, changing the grammatical forms of familiar words, cases. Kids at this age already perfectly understand the speech of adults, so they can read fairy tales and short poems, for example Agnes Barto.

How to develop the speech of a one and a half year old baby?

At 1.5 years old, the baby is already able to repeat simple two-syllable words after adults. At this stage, the Phone game will be very useful. To do this, you will need a handset from a toy or from a real, already non-working, phone. Speak words that are known to the baby into the phone and ask him to repeat them. You can replace the phone handset with an ordinary homemade paper "mouthpiece". It is important during the game to pronounce words as clearly as possible, focusing on stressed syllables.

When the baby gets used to playing this game and begins to lose interest, you can include in it new words that are familiar to him, but which he still does not know how to pronounce on his own.

Another effective method to teach a baby to speak at 1.5 years old - to teach him to call at the request of an adult various items, animals, plants. If in the habit of the crumbs the repetition of words after adults, while in independent communication he prefers gestures and facial expressions, then the main task of adults is to create comfortable conditions that stimulate communication through speech.

This can be easily done if you organize substantive interaction with the baby, constantly maintaining verbal and emotional contact with him. Do not leave your child alone with toys for too long. To stimulate the development of a baby’s speech at 1.5 years old, you need to establish joint games with him, albeit with the use of toys. You should try to do everything together, describing your own actions, stimulating the development of a dialogue.

Exciting games for the development of speech crumbs

It is important to try to choose for the child such games that he cannot play alone, which will be possible only with verbal communication. So, for example, a boy can be offered Play construction game by loading and unloading the dump truck with kinetic sand or cubes. In this case, the child will have to give appropriate commands such as “Down!”, “Up!” or "Stop!".

And with girls, you can play with dolls, accustoming them to communicate with a toy, which, according to the plan, will dream of hearing the voice of a child before going to bed, while feeding, dressing, and so on.

If, according to the parents, a baby at 1.5 years old can speak, but does not want to, because he is lazy, you can try to make him speak using games for the “dunno”. The principle of the game is simple. One of the adults will have to walk around the house with a toy, for example with a doll, thinking aloud on her behalf about what she meets on the way, deliberately confusing names.

The kid will definitely notice mistakes and want to correct them. To add excitement to the game, you can tell the child that the toys that were named incorrectly, while not being marked by the baby as a mistake, will be hidden in a black bag. The child will definitely want to save the toys and will try to correct the "dunno".

The development of the child's speech will be accelerated by playing with pictures. The essence of the game is extremely simple. The more he calls the names of objects and animals from the pictures, the closer he will get to the goal, for example, along the path of cubes to a surprise under a handkerchief (you can put something tasty that the baby loves). Over time, when the child will easily name objects, animals and plants from pictures, it will be possible to complicate the task and ask him to find and show their individual parts and details in the picture.

The development of fine motor skills as a stimulation of the speech of a one and a half year old baby

Every adult knows that the development of speech directly depends on the development of fine motor skills of the hands. Exactly
therefore, at 1.5 years old, it is so important to pay attention to the development of fine motor skills of the baby in the process of exciting games.

You need to understand that at 1.5 years old the baby is already quite coordinated. He easily holds toys in his hands for as long as necessary, he can turn them, throw them, push them, take them apart, move them into different containers. Watching the development of motor skills of the baby's hands, you need to continue to do everything possible in order to improve this process.

You can start with the simplest games and exercises: the baby can sort out stones, cereals, toys made of wood or rubber. When offering the baby to deal with small objects, it is imperative to provide him with proper control, making sure that he does not swallow or put any part in his nose.

When the baby gets used to it a little, you can offer him more complex games, for example, based on stringing, fastening, lacing. For example, together with the baby, you can string large beads on a fishing line, lace up old shoes or special toys with lacing, fasten and unfasten buttons.

An excellent option for developing fine motor skills of a child's fingers at 1.5 years old is games with kinetic sand. Together with
a kid can sculpt entire cities, create fabulous performances from sand figures.

Children at 1.5 years old really like drawing finger paints. They are happy to paint paper with their fingers, rejoicing at the result.

With a one and a half year old baby, you can also do applications, make crafts from natural materials and beans, collect puzzles, mosaics and constructor. The latest game options are very important to select, given the age of the baby. For example, puzzles should be large enough so that he does not have any difficulties with assembling the picture. The designer should consist of large and bright details, as well as a mosaic, from which the baby will not yet be able to fold ornaments, but will be able to assemble a colored canvas.

An excellent game option for the development of fine motor skills of a child's hands is a "hunt" for toys in a pool with kinetic sand or cereals. Especially for the baby, you can collect cereals in the basin (buckwheat, peas, barley are suitable), in which you can “drown” small toys. The baby will get great pleasure, taking out toys, and at the same time will train the motor skills of the fingers, which, in turn, stimulates the development of speech.

Features of the development of speech in hearing-impaired children

It is important to understand that in order for the development of speech in a baby at 1.5 years old to occur systematically, he must have full hearing. It is important for a child to hear the speech of adults constantly in order to imitate and learn from it. Hearing-impaired children hear speech in a distorted form, and therefore are not able to
master it as well as normally hearing children. If a child does not hear at all, without special classes, he will never learn to speak.

In infancy, hearing loss or complete deafness in the first months has practically no effect on the voices of babies. They, just like ordinary children, walk, scream and cry. Over time, due to the inability to perceive the speech of adults, the pre-speech vocalizations of the baby gradually begin to fade. Children who have been diagnosed with hearing loss should be treated according to a special correctional program under the guidance of an experienced specialist.

Summing up

So, let's summarize how the development of speech should occur in children at 1.5 years old and what is the role of parents in this process.