- "a school for young children" - was organized in 1802 in the Scottish city of New Lanark by the manufacturer Robert Owen. It brought up the children of the workers of his enterprise.

By the way, Robert himself, the son of a small shopkeeper, did not receive a formal education. All his studies were limited to two classes of school in the Welsh town of Newtown. However, Owen was passionately fond of science, was not afraid of hard work, and quickly became a manufactory manager. And then he became the owner of a textile factory in New Lanark.

Owen believed that a person's character is shaped by circumstances and social environment. This means that the earlier the education and upbringing of the child begins, the more likely it is to grow up independently and rationally thinking person. Robert attached great importance.

He decided to test his views in practice when he organized a "school for small children." It catered to children aged 1 to 5 years. They were taught to read, dance, a lot of time was devoted to games on fresh air . Children 5-10 years old studied in day school at the factory. They were taught language, arithmetic, geography, natural science, history, and also attracted to work in workshops, in the garden and in the field. Teenagers and adults working at the factory studied in the evenings.

The New Lanark factory became famous far beyond the borders of Scotland both for its commercial success and for the well-being of the workers. It was even visited by the future Emperor Nicholas I. They say that he offered Robert Owen, along with two million British workers, to move to Russia, but the manufacturer preferred to stay at home.

Friedrich Froebel

Although Robert Owen created the first type of preschool institution, the founder preschool education and the teacher Friedrich Froebel became the creator of the concept "". He opened his first "kindergarten" in 1840 in Blankenburg.

Froebel was convinced that 4 instincts are inherent in a child: activity, knowledge, artistic and religious. AND the purpose of proper upbringing is to develop the natural characteristics of the child, to help them open up. This is what kindergarten should be doing.

Friedrich paid great attention to physical development. But the core of his educational method for kindergarten became .

The teacher has developed practical aids for the development of young children, which are called "Froebel's gifts". For example, multi-colored balls knitted from wool on strings, thanks to which children got acquainted with colors, learned to understand space. Or a wooden ball, cube and cylinder, with the help of which children learned about the shapes of various objects.

In the Froebel kindergarten, the pupils were engaged with "gifts", drawing, sculpting, weaving and cutting out of paper, embroidering. A lot of time was devoted to outdoor games. By the way, some of these exercises, improved and revised, are also used in modern gardens.

Although in life you often meet teachers in kindergartens, it is more interesting for directors to turn everything upside down and see how men will cope with this difficult work. That is why the most popular on-screen educators are Kesha Chetvergov, the "mustachioed nanny" and Yevgeny Troshkin, the "gentleman of fortune", who had to turn into an "associate professor" for a while, without saying goodbye to pedagogy, because three criminals turned out to be his re-education.

Adelaida Simonovich

Adelaida Simonovich is the first theorist and practitioner of public preschool education in our country. She wanted to emigrate to Switzerland forever, but there she heard a course of lectures on the system of preschool education by Friedrich Froebel, then she saw how Geneva kindergartens work, and returned to Russia.

In 1863 Simonovich opened the first kindergarten in St. Petersburg. Simonovich expressed many of her views on education in the Kindergarten magazine organized by her. For example, she believed that preschoolers should not be sent to school, but it is not useful for a child aged 3-7 to grow up only in a family. He must certainly be brought up in kindergarten together with peers and friends - under the guidance of "gardeners" -.

“If you put your child at this age at the school bench, you bring destruction into the life of a child<…> To benefit from school, you need to be prepared for it, and kindergarten gives this preparation.».

Working with children, Adelaide discovered a minus of the Froebel system: all developmental activities with children were reduced to working with didactic materials(drawings, cubes, balls). It turned out that the child simply memorized the names, properties of these objects, as well as what actions should be performed with them, but did not understand the meaning of their games.

“Ask such a child to draw something for you, he will immediately draw a figure very well known to him from the system, and each time he draws the same figures, his thought and imagination are not developed.<…>In life, such children will not be capable of independent work, ”Simonovich warned the ardent Froebelists.

Maria Montessori

Educational methods are used in kindergartens and development centers around the world. But her work with children with developmental disabilities began. However, after her pupils surpassed their healthy peers in writing, counting and reading, Maria realized how bad things are with teaching healthy children in Italy.

“While everyone was raving about my mentally retarded, I was looking for reasons why healthy and happy children from regular schools were at such a low level of development that, according to the results of mental tests, my unfortunate students were in no way inferior to them,” the teacher admitted.

Classes in the "House of the Child" were held in groups in which preschoolers were engaged different ages. The elders took care of the younger ones, who in turn observed and learned from the older children. The educators in the "House of the Child" were assigned the role of assistants, who, what, how much and how to do it, and waited for him to ask for their advice.

Children were engaged in rooms where everything was organized for their independent games and activities. Each item in the classroom had its own place to which it must be returned. The children knew that cleaning was waiting for them after the games, and then they put everything in its place without reminding adults.

"Lit up" in the role of a preschool teacher and Arnold Schwarzenegger in the film "Kindergarten Cop". For the sake of fulfilling an important task, the stern cop had to settle in the garden, deal with the "small fry" and, of course, become a victim of their tricks. It's a lot of fun to watch, but you don't want to be in the place of the "iron Arnie" at all.

Janusz Korczak

Perhaps, the Polish doctor and teacher Janusz Korczak illustrated his main pedagogical rule - "The educator must love children" with his whole life. In 1911, he became director of the "Orphanage" for Jewish children. He voluntarily went to a concentration camp when his students were taken there.. And he died with them, remaining a teacher until the end of his life.

Janusz Korczak's Orphanage was organized as a state within a state. And he ruled over the children. They had their own "constitution", an elected children's parliament, a comrades' court, and its decisions were binding on adult employees of the institution.

Korczak and other teachers prepared children for real life outside the walls of the Orphanage: “In the theory of education, we often forget that we must teach the child not only to appreciate the truth, but also to recognize lies, not only to love, but also to hate, not only to respect, but also to despise, not only to agree, but also to object, not only to obey, but also to rebel.

The main principles of the Korczak method were to love the child, to observe his behavior, not to use violence in education, to be honest with him and demand from him only what can be done. Simple requirements only at first glance seem like this: “Instead of observing in order to see and understand, the first example of a“ lucky child ”that comes to mind is taken and before own child a demand is made: here is a model to which you must be equal ... ".

But what an effort it takes for some adults to admit, according to Korczak's testament, "that children are different."

What teachers do you know?

Not everyone can work with children. The teacher must have iron nerves to listen and respond to the requests and demands of at least 25 kids. The girl, who is sincerely in love with her work, shared her thoughts on this matter, and also answered the question: "Why did I choose the profession of an educator."

History of the profession

If you look into the past, then such an activity as a kindergarten teacher did not exist. It arose during the emergence of a new type of upbringing of preschool children and opposed to tutors who worked with children at home. V Ancient Greece the children were under the supervision of a slave. Then it grew into such an important profession as a teacher, but at home. To some extent, it resembled today's activity of a kindergarten teacher.

What is the job of an educator?

Initially, it is necessary to understand that the profession provides for constant contact with children, from a particularly tender age to preschoolers. To put it simply, a teacher is a person who cares for children during a period when parents are busy at work.

Then why does he need a higher education, because the job is to constantly monitor the kids so that they do not get hurt? As the educators say, supervision and care - general description. It is necessary to have extensive knowledge and skills that only a pedagogical institute can give. In these universities, future teachers acquire knowledge related to child psychology and developmental techniques. After all, the kid in the classroom needs to convey the necessary information in a form that is understandable to him.

Why did I choose the profession of an educator? All educators answer this as follows: this profession is creative and creative and suitable for people with a special mindset. Therefore, not every person will go to educators, this business must not only be truly loved, but also lived by it.

Features of work in kindergarten

To work as an educator, you can graduate from a pedagogical school or institute as a teacher of a preschool institution. And then there will be a story about the activity itself.

What is the job description of a teacher? He usually works in 2 shifts. At 6:30 the working day begins, and the teacher receives the children. They need to be met with a smile and joy on their face in order to create good mood for the whole day for both kids and parents.

At 08:15, the kids do morning exercises so that they fully wake up and get a charge of vivacity. At 9:00 the children have breakfast. After that, age classes are held in each group, which are approved by the methodologist at the beginning of each school year. They are aimed at developing different talents in kids. They are engaged in modeling, drawing, appliqué and mathematics. After playing the children in the group they are accompanied for a walk.

The second shift starts at 11:30, but the first teacher does not leave the group until 13:30. He helps the kids to have lunch and puts them to bed. The rise after a daytime sleep occurs at 15:00, after an afternoon snack, the teacher plays calm games with the children or tells them fairy tales.

Throughout the day with the kids in the group is junior educator(nanny), thanks to her, cleanliness is observed in the room. She washes floors, windows, feeds, dresses children and provides them with comprehensive assistance.

What qualities should a teacher have?

And now I would like to tell you what personal qualities a teacher should have. Since the appearance of this profession, the main requirements for a person who dreams of becoming an educator have become love for children, sensitivity and kindness. Since the job is to control 20-25 children, the teacher must have emotional stability, endurance and great patience.

The profession of a kindergarten teacher requires a person:

• observation;
• mindfulness;
• responsibility;
• justice;
• erudition;
• activity;
• cheerfulness.

In addition, a good teacher is able to instantly switch his attention, have excellent visual and auditory perception, and have creative and logical thinking.

Profession benefits

If you write an essay "Why I chose the profession of an educator", then it will definitely describe all the pros and cons of such work. There are many benefits to being a teacher. Therefore, when teachers have to answer the question "why did I choose the profession of an educator", they highlight several points:

1. Communication with children, unobtrusive game atmosphere.
2. Participation in the development of the child and the opportunity to give him something new.
3. Creative people are able to realize their potential and make crafts, applications and invent their own fairy tales and stories with children.
4. Many educators speak positively about the work, saying that it cannot be called monotonous and routine.
5. Extended leave (42-56 days) depending on the duration of work in this position.
6. Demand - good educators are always needed.

Despite the fact that the advantages of the profession of an educator exceed the disadvantages, they exist, as in any other job.

Negative aspects of the profession

The main drawback in the work of an educator is low wages, which only a person who is completely divorced from reality is not aware of. Other disadvantages of the profession include:

• noisy environment;
• constant nervous tension;
• huge responsibility, including criminal responsibility, for the life and health of children;
• constant control of their own emotions;
• continuous presence in the workplace, due to the full responsibility of the teacher for the safety of the kids.

When answering the question "why did I choose the profession of an educator," many teachers who love their work in every possible way underestimate its disadvantages.

However, despite this, they are often under stress. Many educators are so tied to their work that their lives fade into the background. In this case, teachers need to take care of their moral health and treat their activities calmly.

Where can you get a job as a kindergarten teacher?

Currently, specialized education can only be obtained at a specialized or humanitarian university, on the basis of which such specialists are trained. In many Russian institutes, training in the specialty of a preschool teacher is well developed, so the choice of an educational institution is of no fundamental importance.

Finally

Why did I choose the profession of an educator? When longtime educators talk about the benefits of their jobs, they suggest young people think hard before becoming educators. After all, he will have to spend a lot of time with children, read to them, braid pigtails and clean up after them. Great job for a young mother, but the profession itself is very difficult. Often, girls who have received such an education face many difficulties, because the institutes do not teach that they will need to help the child go to the toilet, or how to understand that the baby has a stomach ache if he cannot tell about it on his own.

It is necessary to teach children to find compromises in communication with each other, sometimes the teacher has to teach them understanding in relations with their parents, which is sometimes very difficult, and in some cases unrealistic.

Therefore, you can write in the essay "Why I chose the profession of an educator" that the road is open only to people who love children and are inspired by them, have the qualities of fantasy actors. If a person is peaceful and completely open to communication, then work will bring him only pleasure.

Profession

caregiver preschool institutions teaches the child the basics of independence, the rules of behavior in society, prepares the child for entering school (that is, teaches them to read and count).

Do adults often remember their kindergarten teachers with warmth? It happens that the personality of the educator captures the child so much that he not only remembers him, but, even as an adult, tries to bring his children into his group.

History of the profession

The profession of an educator appeared relatively recently at the beginning of the last century. This is due to the fact that women began to work. Especially many preschool institutions appeared with the restoration of Soviet power, but in the West, the network of preschool institutions began to develop around the same period.

In the pre-revolutionary period, there were orphanages, where there were educators. In wealthy families, it was customary to hire tutors. This profession was very popular in our country in the 19th - early 20th centuries. Then young men and women from impoverished aristocratic families, who received a good upbringing and education in various institutes or universities, became tutors. After several decades of interruption, this profession has again become in demand.

Governors are invited to older children three years. Home education is hard work. The task of the tutor is not just to organize the leisure of the child, he must comprehensively develop and educate his ward. That is why the tutor must have a pedagogical education and experience in teaching any subject (tutoring), as well as the desire and willingness to work with children. The home caregiver also needs to have medical book.

Women are more likely to be home caregivers. Now there is a new profession for real men - tutor-bodyguard. Applicant for this job in addition to higher education and knowledge foreign language should be in good physical form and not have bad habits. Knowledge of hand-to-hand combat techniques and the ability to drive vehicles are also welcome.

Profession in modern times

Constant communication with the child is the most important service function of the educator. The educator should be able to answer many questions, taking into account age. On how correctly and how quickly the teacher will find an approach to each child, will be able to organize, the life of children in a preschool depends on whether the children will be calm, affectionate, and sociable, or whether they will grow up restless, wary, withdrawn. Caring for the state of life of the child in preschool institutions, performs all modes of activities - food, sleep, hardening, walks, physical exercise are the primary responsibility of the educator. Children are taught to tie shoelaces and fasten zippers, use a spoon, fork, handkerchief, sing, dance, speak correctly, draw, make friends, etc.

However, the most important thing in the work of a kindergarten teacher is his responsibility for each kid. It is he who makes sure that in the life of the child there are no broken noses and knees, as well as broken arms and legs.

Outstanding people in this profession

Unique aspects of the profession

The teacher must know and be able to do a lot. The front is not an easy task - to teach a child to perceive and understand everything beautiful in the world; nature, music, poetry. The teacher must be able to: sew, craft, play and sing with children. The educator should always be interesting for his children. In something, at least in one, he must have some special data, for example: to be an excellent athlete or a good singer. And he needs to read a lot. He should have a good knowledge of children's fiction.

The educator not only organizes the work children's team in general, but the personal relationships of children among themselves. The appearance of the educator plays an important role in the upbringing of children. They are very fond of if the teacher is charming, neatly dressed and well-haired, cheerful and cheerful, has a sense of humor. Nice appearance, soft manner of address attract not only children, but also make a good impression on parents.

The educator faces a difficult task - being an adult who develops and teaches the child, to understand and feel children's World, combine rigor and kindness, respect for the little man and exactingness. But children are so different! Some like to live by the rules, with the help of which they feel familiarity with the world of adults, while others, on the contrary, want to do what is impossible - this is how they defend their personality. Therefore, educators need patience and flexibility of thinking in order to individually and accurately apply the knowledge of pedagogy and psychology.

The main method in the education, development and upbringing of children is the game. Wise educators forbid little and play a lot. After all, children live in the game, seeing from their own experience how unpleasant it is when they offend the weak, and how joyful it is to get help when you need it. They learn to respect themselves and others by "pulling out the turnip" or "escaping the wolf". The skill of the educator lies in the fact that he knows when a timid child needs to be supported, “by appointing him a wolf”, and an aggressive one should be taught sympathy, “by making him a kid”.

Having noticed the abilities in the child, the educator must not only support the weak shoots of future undertakings, but also convince the parents of the need to develop the child. Here he can not do without observation, good memory and tact.

Degree of demand in our (own) region

In the 1990s, kindergartens were closed, teachers had to change jobs, and kindergarten buildings were refurbished and various firms, clinics, etc. decent nannies and tutors. This trend continues in modern society.

When you communicate with the employees of preschool educational institutions, you understand that kindergartens are in a very difficult situation. I don’t think that everyone will respond if you call them: “Everyone work in a kindergarten!” -

The history of the profession of educator: The profession of educator appeared relatively recently at the beginning of the last century. This is due to the fact that women began to work. Especially many preschool institutions appeared with the restoration of Soviet power. In the pre-revolutionary period, there were orphanages, where there were educators. In wealthy families, it was customary to hire tutors to raise children. Then young men and women from impoverished aristocratic families, who received a good upbringing and education in various institutes or universities, became tutors. After several decades of interruption, this profession has again become in demand. Tutors are invited to children older than three years. Home education is not an easy job. The task of the tutor is not just to organize the leisure of the child, he must comprehensively develop and educate his ward. That is why the tutor must have a pedagogical education and experience in teaching any subject (tutoring), as well as the desire and willingness to work with children. Women are more likely to be home caregivers. Now there is a new profession for real men - tutor-bodyguard. Applicant for this job, in addition to higher education and knowledge of a foreign language, must be in good physical shape and not have bad habits. Knowledge of hand-to-hand combat techniques and the ability to drive vehicles are also welcome.

Dimensions: 960 x 720 pixels, format: jpg. To download a free slide for use in a preschool lesson, right-click on the image and click "Save Image As...". You can download the entire presentation "Kindergarten teacher.ppt" in a 1489 KB zip file.

caregiver

"Profession educator" - Purpose and objectives: Relevance: To acquaint classmates with this profession; To interest classmates in this profession; Contents: History of the profession: The positive aspects of the profession are in direct communication with children. Methods of finding and doing work: The significance of the profession in society:

"Educator" - Psychological and pedagogical activity. External evaluation: Evaluation of the activities of the educator. Translation of pedagogical experience. Recommendations for improving the assessment of the quality of the educator's activities. External evaluation. Internal evaluation. The image of a modern educator. Internal evaluation: Observation of professional performance.

"Portfolio of the educator" - What better to be preschool teacher? Portfolio presentation. Development Portfolio 2. Reporting Portfolio 3. Demonstration Portfolio. All documents are certified by the head of the preschool educational institution. Certificate. Software. A report accompanied by a computer demonstration using the Power Point wizard. Master classes. Portfolio structure (T.N. Makarova, V.A. Makarov [magazine "Zavuch" No. 4, 2005]).

"The work of an educator" - Possession of methods to assess the effectiveness of the pedagogical impact. Training. Features of communication with children outside of class. Education. The principles of education. On average, educators spend 5.3 hours a week preparing for classes with children. among educators, only a few (2.5%) are not engaged in drawing up a lesson plan.

"Teacher of the orphanage" - 1) Pro Orphanage. 2) About children. 3) About educators. 4) What help do you need? Orphanages in Russia. Before us appeared a two-story building. Wage does not match the complexity of the work. How to help children orphanage in Konkovo? Our house. Problematic question No. 2: Do orphans live well in Moscow orphanages?

Occupation Kindergarten teacher

The history of the profession educator The profession of an educator or teacher is extremely honorable and respected. It is the educator who is responsible for the formation of the personality of the pupils and the development of their future destiny. The profession of an educator appeared for the first time in ancient Greece, but was not widespread, since slaves were engaged in raising the children of wealthy people, and the children of peasants did not receive education at all. In an evolving society, the caregiver profession evolved into that of a home tutor whose goal was to educate the employer's offspring. In the pre-revolutionary period, there were orphanages, where there were educators. In wealthy families, it was customary to hire tutors to raise children. Then young men and women from impoverished aristocratic families, who received a good upbringing and education in various institutes or universities, became tutors. After several decades of interruption, this profession has again become in demand. The profession of educator appeared at the beginning of the last century. This is due to the fact that women began to work. Especially many preschool institutions appeared with the restoration of Soviet power. The work of the educator and teacher gained a mass orientation, which was facilitated by the emergence of the first schools. A huge task was entrusted to the shoulders of the educator, which consisted in the formation of young boys and girls, and in the subsequent direction to the chosen path. It is impossible not to add that the profession of an educator is of high relevance even today.

Profession educator - description The problem of educating the younger generation has always been, is and will be a pressing problem. After all, everything from the very early age is laid in children's heads, then gives its shoots - good or not very good. Undoubtedly, there are two professions in which there is no place for ignoramuses and amateurs. This is a doctor and teacher, teacher, educator. With a doctor, everything is clear - people trust him with health, and often even life. The profession of a teacher obliges no less. The position of a kindergarten teacher is especially important and responsible. After all, this is actually the first person who introduces the child into society, teaches communication and gives initial knowledge and general concepts that allow the baby to navigate. It is the educator who draws the first boundary between "I want" and "I cannot", between "I do not want" and "I must." And this must be done as tactfully and competently as possible, so as not to cripple the mobile psyche of the child in any way. The educator must be able to introduce the child into the team in such a way as to exclude the slightest discomfort, which can later lead the child to complex psychological trauma.

Where to get the profession of "educator" Although this type of activity has gained a high level of mass and prevalence in modern society, get honorary title educator is not possible for everyone. First, it is necessary to graduate from specialized schools and higher educational institutions, which will train future educators in pedagogical methods of influencing pupils. It is extremely important that the role of an educator be occupied by a person who is mentally stable and not involved in corruption processes. Educator is an honorable profession for all ages!

Unique aspects of the profession: The educator must know and be able to do a lot. Before him is not an easy task - to teach a child to perceive and understand everything beautiful in the world; nature, music, poetry. The teacher must be able to: sew, craft, play and sing with children. And he needs to read a lot. He should have a good knowledge of children's fiction. The educator not only organizes the work of the children's team as a whole, but the personal relationships of the children among themselves. The appearance of the educator plays an important role in the upbringing of children. Pleasant appearance, soft demeanor attract not only children, but also make a good impression on parents. The educator faces a difficult task - being an adult who develops and educates the child, understand and feel the children's world, combine rigor and kindness, respect for the little person and exactingness .. Therefore, educators need patience and flexibility of thinking in order to individually and accurately apply knowledge of pedagogy and psychology.