Formation of a holistic picture of the world in the middle group. Synopsis of GCD in the middle group of kindergarten. Cognitive development (formation of a holistic picture of the world). My family. Parsley goes to draw
dilya
Abstract of the lesson on the formation of a holistic picture of the world in middle group"World of indoor plants"
Summary of the lesson on Forming a holistic picture of the world in the middle group "World of indoor plants"
Target:
To consolidate knowledge about the classification of plants;
Introduce children to the types of indoor plants, their structure (stem, leaf, root, etc.)
To give an idea of the importance of indoor plants for humans and the environment;
Teach proper care per indoor plants;
Arouse the desire to care for plants.
Stimulate the development of cognitive abilities;
Cultivate love for nature, for the world around.
Planned results:
Know about indoor plants, be able to care for them;
To form an interest in the independent search for material.
Equipment: multimedia equipment; flowers in pots; empty pot, drainage, watering can, soil - for transplanting a flower; cluster, drawings of leaves;
Course progress.
I. Organizational moment
Educator: Guys, it's spring now, all nature is awakening from a long winter sleep and comes to life.
Let's welcome spring
And hello, say, to each flower.
We will bend down to them
Not to tear or cut them,
And in order to admire
And show them your kindness.
III. Preparation for the perception of the topic
Guys, what flowers do you know (Children name several flowers they know)
These flowers grow on the street, in squares and parks, in flowerbeds and gardens. They bloom in spring and autumn, delight us with aroma, bright colors and beautiful forms. Now guess the riddle:
They purify the air, create comfort, turn green on the windows, bloom all year round.
Yes, they are indoor plants.
Let's go to our indoor plants and look at them carefully, pay attention to their structure, you and I have arms and legs, and plants have a root, stem (shows on the example of one plant) leaves, indoor plants are different, flowering and curly, prickly and fluffy. Flowers and plants are not similar to each other, they differ in shape and color, and each plant, each flower is unique in its own way.
IV. Explanation of the new topic.
(Houseplants)
What do you think houseplants are for?
Flowers in pots with signs are displayed in front of the children.
Look at our indoor flowers .. These names are very beautiful, but there are also very difficult ones. We must memorize them in order to know how to properly care for them and what benefits these plants bring.
Chlorophytum: cleans the air of bacteria and absorbs toxins. You don't need to water often, but you can add a few tablets to the soil. activated carbon to enhance the properties of the plant.
Dracaena: irreplaceable if the floor in the room is covered with linoleum. Dracaena absorbs benzene, which is released from synthetics, and also absorbs exhaust gases that enter the room well.
Ficus: it is better to place near windows that overlook the road or industrial enterprises. It cleans the air well, absorbs toxins and harmful substances. In winter, it is better not to water the ficus, but to spray the leaves from the spray bottle.
Geranium: releases substances that have calming and anti-stress properties. Best placed in the bedroom. Geranium is very fond of the sun and a lot of water.
Cactus: reduces air ionization and protects against electromagnetic radiation. Loves sun and water.
Aloe: aloe juice is known medicinal properties, it disinfects, kills microbes.
Some indoor plants not only make us happy unusual shape leaves with unusual coloration. It is noticed that they extinguish negative emotions. These are begonia, fern and tradescantia.
In the spring, all living things begin to grow actively, so our flower in its pot has become cramped. I prepared a bigger pot for him, let's transplant him into a new pot together (he asks two boys to help, gives one a watering can, and the second a scoop for soil).
The teacher transplants the flower, commenting on all his actions. The boys water and fill the soil in the pot. In our group on the window
In the green in the country
In painted pots
The flowers have grown.
Here is a rose, geranium, fat woman,
Spiny cactus family.
We will water them early in the morning.
Me and all my friends.
Fizminutka "The seeds have sprouted."
Already you, seed-grain,
Lie down in the furrow at the bottom (children squat down)
Don't be afraid, gold.
Nothing dark in there.
To the light, to the sun from the earth
You sprout quickly went! (slowly get up grow up)
Here in the spring, at an early hour,
Our seeds have sprouted
We went out to the sun from the darkness (stretch).
Hello sun, it's us! (raise arms above head, wave hands)
The sprout is still small - a child (lower their hands down)
He just grew out of diapers (in turn, they tilt their heads in different directions).
Watch the video presentation on the topic "Waltz of the Flowers":
The presentation clearly demonstrates how each color has its own flower, thus forming a bouquet and a rainbow of flowers (literally and figuratively).
V. Consolidation
1) The game "Third extra"
The teacher shows a card with the image of 2 indoor flowers and one garden, the children exclude an extra flower.
3) Game "Find the owner"
The teacher shows drawings of leaves. Students must guess which plant they belong to.
4) Complete the sentence: I love indoor plants because….
VI. Generalization of knowledge
Indoor plants delight us, make the room cozy, purify the air in the room. Plants in the house are of great benefit. But you need to take good care of them. What do you think plants like? (light and water)
Listen carefully to the instructions for caring for indoor plants.
1) Most flowers should be placed closer to the light, but avoid direct sunlight.
2) Water every day in summer, less often in winter.
3) Do not water the plants with cold water.
4) When watering, the watering can should be kept low so that the soil does not erode.
5) large smooth leaves are wiped with a damp cloth.
6) You need to loosen the soil after watering, when the soil dries out a little. Loosen only the top layer, without touching the roots of the plant.
our lesson has come to an end, please draw your favorite indoor plant at home and we will admire your drawings together.
Galina Pogorelova
Perspective planning in the middle group (cognitive development). Formation of a holistic picture of the world
forward planning
Middle group MBDOU No. 11
(cognitive development)
Literature,
Topic: "Kindergarten"
Target: to clarify the knowledge of children about the kindergarten (a large beautiful building in which there are many cozy groups, kitchen, medical office
Complex-thematic GEF planning 2016. A. Byvsheva
Topic: "My friends"
Target:Ideate"friend", "friendship" to cultivate positive relationships between children, encouraging them to do good deeds. Learn to empathize, cooperate, show care and attention to each other.
Complex-thematic GEF planning 2016. A. Byvsheva
Topic: "At the bear in the forest"
Target: consolidate children's knowledge about seasonal changes in nature. form ideas about forest plants, mushrooms and berries. Expand children's understanding of the benefits of natural vitamins for humans and animals
Complex-thematic GEF planning 2016. A. Byvsheva
Topic: What did autumn bring us?
Target: to expand the knowledge of children's ideas about vegetables and fruits. To consolidate knowledge about seasonal changes in nature, to give an idea of the benefits of natural vitamins.
Solomennikova O. A.
forward planning
Middle group MBDOU No. 11
Formation of a holistic picture of the world
Literature,
Topic:"Passing the Ecological Path"
Target: expand children's ideas about autumn changes in nature
Topic:"Petrushka goes to work"
Target:to teach children group items for their intended purpose, to instill a desire to help elders.
Dybina O. V.
Topic:What did autumn bring us?
Target: to expand children's understanding of vegetables and fruits. To consolidate knowledge about seasonal changes in nature. Explain the benefits of natural vitamins.
Acquaintance with the natural environment of the Federal State Educational Standard Solomennikova O. A.
Topic:"Behavior on the road and in transport"
Target:repeat traffic lights, introduce with the rules of conduct in transport,
Complex classes
by program "from birth to school"
forward planning
Middle group MBDOU No. 11
(cognitive development)
Formation of a holistic picture of the world
Purpose of educational activity
Literature, pp.
Topic: Our kindergarten is so good - better than a garden you won't find.
Target: Clarify children's knowledge about kindergarten. (A large beautiful building, in which there are many cozy groups, music and sports halls, a spacious kitchen, a medical office. Kindergarten is like a big family where everyone takes care of each other). Expand knowledge about people of different professions working in kindergarten
Acquaintance with the subject and social environment of the Federal State Educational Standard
O. V. Dybina,
Topic:Introduction to ornamental birds (example - canary)
To give children ideas about decorative birds. Show children the features of keeping decorative birds. form desire to observe and care for plants, animals
Acquaintance with the natural environment of the Federal State Educational Standard
O. Solomennikova, p. 36
Topic:Petrushka is a sportsman.
Target: Improve skill group items on purpose (satisfying the need for sports); clarify children's knowledge about sports and sports equipment; cultivate observation.
Acquaintance with the subject and social environment of the Federal State Educational Standard O. V. Dybina,
Topic: In the world of glass.
Target:Help reveal the properties of glass (durable, transparent, colored, smooth); cultivate a caring attitude towards things; develop curiosity.
Acquaintance with the subject and social environment of the Federal State Educational Standard
O. V. Dybina, p. 36
forward planning
Middle group MBDOU No. 11
(cognitive development)
Formation of a holistic picture of the world
Purpose of educational activity
Literature,
Topic: A flock of bullfinches on rowan branches.
Target: Expand children's ideas about the diversity of birds. Learn to highlight the characteristic features of a bullfinch. form the desire to observe the birds arriving at the site and feed them.
Acquaintance with the natural environment of the Federal State Educational Standard
O. Solomennikova, p. 48
Topic: Planting an onion.
(v group)
Target: Expand children's understanding of the conditions necessary for growth and plant development(soil, moisture, heat and light). To give elementary concepts about the health benefits of natural vitamins. form labor skills and abilities.
Acquaintance with the natural environment of the Federal State Educational Standard
O. Solomennikova, p. 54
Topic: Why did the Snow Maiden melt?
Target: Expand children's ideas about the properties of water, snow and ice. Learn to establish elementary cause and effect connections: snow melts in warmth and turns into water; In cold weather, water freezes and turns into ice.
Acquaintance with the natural environment of the Federal State Educational Standard
O. Solomennikova, p. 45
Topic: Let's help the Dunno to fashion dishes (clay crafting).
Target:Expand children's ideas about properties natural materials. Learn to compare the properties of sand and clay. Build ideas about that clay can be used to sculpt toys and dishes. Strengthen the skills of children to sculpt from clay.
Acquaintance with the natural environment of the Federal State Educational Standard
O. Solomennikova, p. 64
forward planning
Middle group MBDOU No. 11
(cognitive development)
Formation of a holistic picture of the world
purpose of educational activity
Literature,
Topic: Duty in a corner of nature.
Target: Show children the features of duty in a corner of nature. form responsibility in relation to the care of plants and animals.
Acquaintance with the natural environment of the Federal State Educational Standard
O. Solomennikova, p. 43
Topic: On a visit to the grandfather of the Naturalist.
Target: Expand children's ideas about winter phenomena in nature. Learn to observe natural objects in winter period. To give elementary concepts about the relationship between man and nature.
Acquaintance with the natural environment of the Federal State Educational Standard
O. Solomennikova, p. 50
Topic: Looking at a rabbit.
Target:To give children an idea of the rabbit. Learn to identify features appearance a rabbit. Build an interest in animals.
Acquaintance with the natural environment of the Federal State Educational Standard
O. Solomennikova, p. 53
Topic:"Wild animals"
Target:introduce children with wild animal species, get to know their environment, features of appearance and lifestyle.
Cultivate love and respect for nature.
Internet technologies
(development of lesson No. 1)
forward planning
Middle group MBDOU No. 11
(cognitive development)
Formation of a holistic picture of the world
Purpose of educational activity
Literature,
Topic: Learn all about yourself, balloon.
Get to know rubber, its quality and properties. Learn to make connections between the material and the way it is used.
Acquaintance with the subject and social environment of the Federal State Educational Standard
O. V. Dybina,
Topic: Excellent doctor.
Target:form concepts of the importance of the work of a doctor and a nurse, their business and personal qualities.
develop emotional a friendly attitude towards them.
Acquaintance with the subject and social environment of the Federal State Educational Standard
O. V. Dybina, p. 34
Topic:Our army.
Target: Give an idea about the warriors who protect our Motherland; clarify the concept "Defenders of the Fatherland". introduce with some military professions (sailors, tankers, pilots, border guards).
Acquaintance with the subject and social environment of the Federal State Educational Standard
O. V. Dybina,
Topic: World of indoor plants
Target: Expand children's ideas about indoor plants: their use and structure. Learn to distinguish indoor plants in appearance.
Acquaintance with the natural environment of the Federal State Educational Standard
O. Solomennikova, p. 57
forward planning
Middle group MBDOU No. 11
(cognitive development)
Formation of a holistic picture of the world
Purpose of educational activity
Literature,
Topic:Visiting the music director.
Target:introduce with business and personal qualities of a music director. develop emotional, benevolent attitude towards him.
Acquaintance with the subject and social environment of the Federal State Educational Standard
O. V. Dybina, p. 41
Theme Ecological trail in spring.
Target: Expand children's ideas about seasonal changes in nature. Show the objects of the ecological trail in spring. form respect for the environment. To give elementary ideas about the relationship between man and nature.
Acquaintance with the subject and social environment of the Federal State Educational Standard
O. Solomennikova, p. 66
Topic:Petrushka goes to draw
Target:Keep learning group items for the intended purpose;
develop curiosity
Acquaintance with the subject and social environment of the Federal State Educational Standard
O. V. Dybina, p. 26
Topic: Our favorite carpenter.
Target:introduce children with the labor of a carpenter; with his business and personal qualities.
To cultivate a sense of gratitude and respect for the person of this profession, for his work.
Familiarization with the subject and social environment of the Federal State Educational Standard O. V. Dybina, p. 49
forward planning
Middle group MBDOU No. 11
(cognitive development)
Formation of a holistic picture of the world
Purpose of educational activity
Literature, pp.
Topic:Visiting the mistress of the meadow
Target: Expand children's ideas about the diversity of insects. To consolidate knowledge about the structure of insects. form respect for the environment. Learn to solve riddles about insects.
Acquaintance with the natural environment of the Federal State Educational Standard
O. Solomennikova, p. 59
Topic:"Space"
Target: Generalization of children's ideas about space, introduce children with a history of the origin of the holiday Cosmonautics Day, give initial information about planets solar system . Activate children's vocabulary words: space, planet, astronaut.
Internet technologies
(development of lesson No. 2)
Topic: Target walk "What is the street".
Target:form elementary ideas about the street; pay attention to houses, sidewalk, roadway. Continue to fix the name of the street on which the kindergarten is located; encourage guys who name the street they live on; explain the importance of knowing your address.
Familiarization with the subject and social environment of the Federal State Educational Standard O. V. Dybina, p. 31
Topic:My city.
Target:Continue pinning name hometown(village, to acquaint with its sights.
Cultivate a sense of pride in your city (village).
Acquaintance with the subject and social environment of the Federal State Educational Standard
O. V. Dybina,
forward planning
Middle group MBDOU No. 11
(cognitive development)
Formation of a holistic picture of the world
Purpose of educational activity
Literature,
Topic:"This is Victory Day"
Target: enrich the knowledge of children about Victory Day, activate the vocabulary on the topic.
Internet technologies
(development of lesson No. 3)
Topic: "Animals of hot countries"
Target: Specify the names of animals of hot countries on pictures and their babies; clarify external signs, their structure, what they eat; learn to form the names of baby animals.
Develop attention, memory, thinking. To cultivate love for animals, to cultivate the ability to listen to the teacher and peers.
Internet technologies
(development of lesson No. 4)
Topic:Journey to the past armchairs
Target: To consolidate knowledge about the purpose of household items (stool, table, chair); develop retrospective look at things. Learn to identify certain features of objects (parts, form)
Acquaintance with the subject and social environment of the Federal State Educational Standard
O. V. Dybina, p. 43
Topic: In the world of plastics.
Target:introduce with the properties and qualities of plastic objects; help reveal the properties of plastics (smooth, light, colored). Cultivate a caring attitude towards things; develop curiosity.
Acquaintance with the subject and social environment of the Federal State Educational Standard
Target: to form elementary ideas of children about indoor plants: their benefits and structure; learn to distinguish indoor plants in appearance.
Educational tasks: educate emotional responsiveness, good feelings, a desire to help.
Development tasks: develop the ability to care for indoor plants: water, loosen the ground in a pot, wipe the leaves; do whatever is necessary; to form the ability to meaningfully apply the mastered methods of caring for indoor plants.
Educational tasks: expand children's knowledge about indoor plants; to consolidate the ability to recognize familiar plants, name their parts; enrich the children's vocabulary.
Main educational activities: knowledge.
Integrated educational areas:"Cognitive development", "Social and communicative", " Speech development”, “Physical”, “Artistic and aesthetic”.
Methods and techniques:
Methods: playful, visual, verbal, practical .
Receptions: art word, didactic games, questions, encouragement.
Visual learning aids: video projector, slides depicting indoor plants and indoor plants.
Vocabulary work: indoor plants, ficus, begonia, geranium, balsam (light), drainage, flowering plant, watering can, rake.
Preliminary work: talking about indoor plants, caring for indoor plants, watering, loosening the earth in a pot, rubbing the leaves; planting a houseplant, memorizing poems about houseplants.
Structure
- Introductory part.
- Solving riddles.
- Conversation. Examination of slides and potted plants.
- Main part.
- Didactic game "What's wrong?".
- Fizkultminutka.
- Surprise moment.
- Discussion about the root of plants.
- Labor activity.
- Outcome.
The course of educational activities
Riddles about indoor plants.
Educator:
Purify the air
They create comfort
Green on the windows
Bloom all year round.
Children: indoor plants.
Talk about indoor plants.
Educator: You guessed that today we will talk about indoor plants. See how many indoor plants we have in the group. What do you think, what are indoor plants for, what benefits do they bring?
Children: “They decorate the group, clean the air of dust and release oxygen. We need them to breathe."
Educator: That's right, so that it is beautiful - a person decorates his house with houseplants. But they not only delight us with their beauty, but also purify the air from dust and dirt. Many houseplants smell good.
Educator: What indoor plants do you know?
Children: geranium, balsam (light), begonia, ficus, violet.
Slideshow "Indoor plants".
Educator: Each plant has its own name. What is the name of this plant?
Children: geranium.
Educator: That's right, this is geranium, and it is also called pelargonium. Let's take a look at the geranium. What do geraniums have?
Children: stem, leaves, flowers.
Educator: What shape are the leaves? What color are the leaves?
Children: the leaves are dark green, light green, round in shape.
Consider (by analogy) balsam, begonia, ficus.
Reading poems for children about indoor plants.
There is a flower on the window
A sprout reaches for the sun
Red-scarlet flowers,
Bright, wondrous beauty.
They delight in flowering
Hats like a feast for the eyes
And they nod their heads
Love is invited.
We geraniums are very happy
Didn't go unrewarded
Thanks for the care
Everything is lit up in bright colors.
little sprout-
Ficus on the window
Tropical piece
They gave me.
On the window quickly
Ficus grew up
Every day its me
Watered generously.
All flowers are our ficus
Outgrew quickly.
It's a pity to leave
It was with him to tears.
Begonia has a leaf -
Like a clenched fist.
The fist will straighten out
And the leaf will appear.
Visit us
Spring came.
The begonia has gone up.
Spreads fists -
Enjoy the leaves!
Not even a week has passed
The flowers have blossomed!
March is raging outside the window,
It's snowing, a blizzard is blowing,
And we have spring
And the begonia is blooming!
Creeps behind the window
Frosty day.
Standing on the window
Flower-light.
crimson color
petals bloom,
As if really
Fires lit up.
I water it
its shore,
give him
Nobody can!
He's very bright
It's very good
Very much for my mother
Like a fairy tale!
*****
There are many flowers on the window
Only wet - he is alone:
Wet Vanka is called
The well-known balsam.
Didactic game: "What's gone?"
didactic task. Name the plant from memory (without visual control)
game action. Guess which plant is missing.
Rule. No peeking.
Equipment . Plants are on the table.
Game progress. The teacher invites the children to see which plants are on the table, and then close their eyes. At this time, the teacher removes one plant: “Which plant is gone?”
Fizkultminutka.
Come on, ficus, brag - (Claps.)
What a huge sheet ! ( Spread your fingers.)
Made like leather ( Rub your palms.)
Ficus, we will help you: (Squeeze and unclench your hands.)
Each plump sheet of yours, (Press palms to each other.)
Wash carefully. (We stroke the brushes with “mine”.)
You become greener (claps.)
Growth - from the tutor ! (Stretch, raise your hands up.)
Surprise moment. The flower fairy arrives.
Fairy: Hello dear guys! Good afternoon dear adults! I am a fairy of flowers, I came to visit you. I fly everywhere and take care of flowers. So I brought you a flower stalk with me and decided to give it to you. This is a coleus. It has red leaves. Like all plants, there are stems, leaves, and flowers. I want to plant him for you and I think that in the future you will look after and take care of him and that you will be fine with him.
Discourse on the root of a plant.
All plants have roots. The root is in the ground. Due to the root, the plant does not fall and is firmly held in the ground. The root also feeds the plant. When we water, the root absorbs water, and it rises up the stem to the leaves and flowers. In order for the plant not to wither, it must be watered.
Planting a plant.
The fairy plants a coleus stalk in a pot.
Fairy: We take a flower pot. What do we put in the pot first? (We will pour stones into the flower pot - this is drainage.) What is it for? (Drainage is needed in order to improve air access to the roots so that the roots do not rot when watering) What will we do next? (After that, we fill in the earth, leaving a hole for the bulb.) After we have filled in the earth, what's next? (We plant the cutting in the ground and sprinkle it.) We planted the plant, is there anything else that needs to be done? (Immediately after planting, the plant needs to be watered so that it grows better.) And also, as a gift, I brought you pelargonium (geranium) seeds. Together with you, we will plant these seeds in cups with earth so that they grow and delight us.
Practical activities.
Children wear aprons. Children come to a table covered with oilcloth, for each child 1 cup of earth, a watering can with water, a stick, seeds, an apron.
Any business turns out well if it is done with good mood. Let's show our mood with a smile.
Before we plant seeds, let's remember how to do it. In the seed planting container, the soil is already moist. And now with a stick we make a hole for planting seeds. Like this (show). We take the seeds, put each seed in the hole and sprinkle with earth. And now we need to water the planted seed.
Teacher: What did we do today? For what? What have you learned?
Today we got acquainted with how to properly care for indoor plants. Learned how to plant plants. Everything you learned today, you can use at home, helping your mom take care of the plants.
Indoor plants are living beings, so we must take care of them, take care of them, take care of them and take good care of them.
Target: To consolidate and systematize knowledge about soap (its properties and qualities, how to use it, how to take care of it).
Tasks:
Educational:
Continue to learn to identify and resolve problem situations, contradictions.
Introduce children to the properties of soap; show the variety of states of soap in environment. Learn about some properties of soap. To give an idea of the role of soap in human life
Developing:
Develop figurative and associative thinking, attention, coherent monologue speech. Develop creativity, imagination in a variety of productive activities. To form the ability to draw with soap on fabric, on colored paper.
Educational:
Cultivate respect for water. Raise interest in one's own discoveries through search and research activities. Cultivate an ecological culture.
Preliminary work: Conduct experiments: when is soap foam obtained? What happens to soapy water after a sponge is immersed in it? Introduce wood ash, prepare alkaline water from it (for washing clothes, washing hands). Enrich vocabulary with words denoting the properties and qualities of soap. Play the game "on the contrary", with soap bubbles. Read a poem by K. Chukovsky "Moydodyr". Learn tongue twisters about soap. Draw with soap.
Material and equipment: A mailbox with soap of various colors, smells and conditions. Envelope with a letter. Soap drawing computer, soap bubbles, foam. Three basins for water, cloth napkins (wipe your hands); sponges; a bucket of clay; straws for a cocktail. Pictograms of a cheerful and sad face. Colored cardboard; remnants.
Methods and techniques: The use of artistic words, visualization; surprise moment; games; problematic issues for children; practical (experiments); children's stories.
Lesson progress:
Children with a teacher enter the group. There is a box on the table.
Educator: “Guys, you don’t know where this strange box came from. Look, here is some mysterious envelope. Come on, let's open it. The teacher reads the letter.
Take me, wash your face, bathe, And guess what I am. And know: it would be a big trouble, If not for me, but for water.
Dear my children!
I am writing you a letter:
I ask you to wash more often
your hands and face.
Need to wash
Morning, evening and afternoon -
Before every meal
After sleep and before bed!
Rub with a sponge and washcloth!
Be patient - no problem!
And ink and jam
Rinse off soap and water
My dear children!
Very, very much I ask you:
Wash more often, wash more often
I can't stand dirty.
I won't shake hands with dirty people
I won't visit them!
I wash myself very often.
Goodbye!
Moidodyr.
Teacher: "Guys! Do you want to learn about the secrets of soap? Then let's go with you to the research laboratory. But first, like real scientists-researchers, let's put on special clothes - robes.
— Arisha, please turn on our computer. Guys, what's on the screen? (Soap) - How did you guess that it was soap?
- Who will name more words about soap? What is it? (rectangular, floral,
hard, toilet, fragrant, slippery, etc.)
Why is the soap fragrant? (it contains floral cologne).
(Children determine what the soap from the parcel smells like).
What does your toilet soap smell like?
- And what else is soap? (liquid)
- What do they do liquid soap? (they wash their hair, body, use hairdressers, etc.) -When does soap become slippery? (When it's wet, with water)
Look, look: the soap is sinking in the river and in the trough! Why is it always only where there is water?
We are in the "Land of Comparisons".
- Tell me, the soap is slippery, like what? (like perch fish, like icicle, like ice, like silk, etc.)
- Who will read the tongue twister about Mila?
Soap Mila Mishka with soap, Mila dropped the soap. Mila dropped the soap. I didn't wash the bear with soap.
- Why didn't Mila wash Mishka? Why did the soap fall? (slippery)
What do the words “washed away, washed, washed” mean; “and wriggled, and bit like a wasp,“ lathered up.
- What does the phrase “soap your neck” mean (to scold, scold).
- Did they tell you that? For what?
- And what do you think, is it possible to lather berries!
- Did you wash the raspberries? (Washed, but not washed). What will happen to them if the berries are lathered?
- How would you react to the advice of G. Oster:
Never wash your hands, neck and face. Hands, neck, ears and face will be dirty again. This stupid activity leads to nothing. So why waste energy, time Waste to waste?
Is this good or bad advice? - Why harmful?
Who is afraid of soap? (Microbes, dirty, cowards).
“What advice would you give to a dirty girl?”
And the poet Y. Akim advised this:
Soap fragrant, white, soapy. Soap looks at the dirty girl with a smirk. If the dirty man remembered the soap, Soap would finally wash it off,
- And I would say this:
It slips away like a living thing, But I won't let it out. It foams with white foam, He is not too lazy to wash his hands.
- Guys, let's wash our hands and prove that we are not dirty and not lazy!
What do we need to wash our hands? (Water, soap). (Children come to the table with a basin for water and soap).
- We wash our hands well. Look, we have soap “gloves” on our hands.
- What are they like? (White, black). - When are they black? (When hands are dirty). - When are they white? (When hands are clean). -How often should you wash your hands? (When soiled, before eating.)
Who knows how to take care of soap? (Store in a soap dish on a shelf without water, on a wall with a magnet).
Let's move on to the next table.
PHYSMINUTE.
If you throw soap into water, what happens to it? (It sinks, gurgles, sags.)
When a sponge is dipped in soapy water, what happens? (Soap bubbles rise from it.)
- Why? (It has air holes in it).
What are the particles of soap? (From soap particles, solid and airy.)
- Guess the riddle “A lot of bars of soap - what is this?” (Shop windows; shelves in
washbasin, soap dishes with soap in the bath.)
— Do you know what people used to wash their faces with?
Let's move on to the next table in our lab.
PHYSMINUTKA
“People used to wash and wash with lye. Wood ash was poured with boiling water and steamed in the stove. They also washed with clay, which perfectly cleans hands and body from dirt.
Let's try washing our hands with clay.
D / n: “I want - I don’t want.”(pictogram of a cheerful and sad face.)
- Look carefully. What is the mood of the first man? He tells us that he wants to wash his hands with clay. Why? (Because it is useful, cleanly washes.) -And what is the mood of the second little man? You know, he told me that he didn't like washing his hands with clay. Why? (Because it is dirty, you need to use a lot of water to wash it off.)
- Guys, look, on the computer screen appeared new picture. What is this? (Bubbles) What are they? (Soapy.)
(Children go to the next table and use straws to inflate soap bubbles.
- What do they look like? What happens if you sit on them? Throw them? Hit them? Blow on them? Why do they say: “Dreams burst like soap bubbles?” (These are pipe dreams.)
- Let's remember our dreams come true and unfulfilled. What is a soap bubble made of? (From shell and air.)
(Children turn to the computer screen again. There are a lot of soap bubbles - foam).
- Listen: "Soap bubbled bubbles, foam climbed to the top, and it was gone, it all disappeared."
Why did it disappear?
Where else have you seen foam? (On the river, in the sea, near the shore, on the waves, in a jar, in a glass with juice, milk, etc.)
D / s: “What can not happen without what?” Chistyul - without ... soap. Soaps - without ... fat. Foam - without ... water Bubbles - without ... sponge. Jokes - without ... a smile.
Do you think soap can only be washed and washed? -What else can they do?
(Draw on fabric, draw on colored paper, fabric.)
(You can give the children remnants and offer to draw soap magic).
Reflection:
- Guys, what good fellows you are.
- Let's remember what new you learned about soap? What do you remember the most?
And now, I propose to watch a cartoon film about a girl who did not like to wash.
Watching the cartoon "Visiting the Queen of the Toothbrush"
© Dybina O. V., 2010
©«MOSAIKASINTEZ», 2010
All rights reserved. No part of the electronic version of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means, including posting on the Internet and corporate networks, for private and public use, without the written permission of the copyright owner.
©The electronic version of the book was prepared by LitRes ()
Introduction
This guide will help educators preschool institutions successfully organize and carry out work to familiarize children 4-5 years old with the outside world - the objective environment and the phenomena of the surrounding life. The manual includes work planning, classes, games, classes, didactic games.
In order to make it easier for teachers to plan work on this section of the program for the education and upbringing of preschoolers, the content of the work is presented by topics. For the disclosure of each topic, an approximate course of the lesson, game-lesson or game is proposed. This gives the teacher the opportunity to show creativity when planning classes, to include variable game, problem situations in them, making educational work even more successful, meaningful for him and the children.
The study of each topic can be completed with a final task, which can be used as rebuses, riddles, guessing drawings, etc. Similar game tasks are presented in the workbook of Dybina O.V. I know the world Workbook for children 4-5 years old. - M .: TC "Sphere", 2009.
Teachers should pay special attention to the fact that when getting acquainted with the outside world it is impossible:
- be limited only to a monologue-story about objects, phenomena of reality: it is necessary to include as many actions as possible in classes (sit on a chair, sofa; put on clothes and walk around in it; invite your mother, treat your grandmother, etc.);
- overload children with a large number of questions;
- use only the form in the work cognitive activities.
Work to familiarize children 4–5 years old with the outside world must be built in accordance with their psychological characteristics, choosing adequate forms, means, methods and techniques of interaction with preschoolers and striving to make this process more accessible and effective.
In the middle group kindergarten familiarization with the outside world is carried out both in the form of games, activities, and in the form of a didactic game, in which the game rule regulates the actions and relationships of children, and the correct solution of problems ensures the achievement of the goal of the game. When organizing and conducting games, activities, didactic games, it is important to create an atmosphere that allows each child to realize their activity in relation to the world around them.
The manual presents additional material: options for activities, games, activities, games that can be used in working with children outside of class, on a walk.
To familiarize children of secondary age group with the outside world (objective environment and phenomena of the surrounding world) two classes per month are allotted.
The teaching staff of kindergarten No. 179 "Snowdrop" ANO DO "Planet of Childhood" Lada ", Togliatti, the head - Palenova Nadezhda Petrovna, the methodologist - Kuznetsova Natalia Grigoryevna, participated in the development and testing of classes on familiarization with the work of adults.
Distribution of material on academic year
Sample class notes
September
1. Tell me about your favorite subjects
Software content. To consolidate the ability of children to find objects of the man-made world in the environment; learn to describe an object, naming its name, details, functions, material.
Material. Algorithm: symbols of the natural or man-made world, shape, size, parts, function, etc.
Lesson progress
Dunno comes to visit the children. He brings with him and shows the guys his favorite toy.
The teacher asks Dunno what kind of toy it is, what it is, what it has, what it is for, what it is made of and who made it. Dunno talks about his toy.
Dunno then asks the children what their favorite subjects are. The teacher invites the children to find their favorite items in the group, bring them to Dunno and talk about them.
The teacher shows the children a hint (algorithm) for describing the object and describes his object, for example: “This is a toy car, it has a cab, a body, four wheels; it can carry cargo; the machine is made of wood, belongs to the man-made world.
Children take turns describing their favorite items.
game task is considered completed if all items are described correctly.
Options for complicating the lesson
1. Invite children to choose objects of a certain group for description: toys, dishes, furniture, clothes.
2. The child talks about his favorite subject without naming it, and the rest of the children guess.
2. My family
Software content. Introduce the term "family". To give children initial ideas about family relationships in the family: each child is simultaneously a son (daughter), grandson (granddaughter), brother (sister); mom and dad - daughter and son of grandparents. Cultivate a sensitive attitude towards the closest people - family members.
Material. Matryoshka with six nesting dolls, ball, basket, 3 sets of pictures (grandmother, grandfather, mother, father, sister, brother, cat, dog, birds, fish), 3 sheets of A3 white paper, text of S. Marshak's poem "Matryoshkas ”, photos of family members of children and a teacher, one common family photo of children and a teacher, a tablet (typesetting canvas) for posting photos.
Preliminary work. learning finger games“Who lives in the family”, “Like grandfather Yermolai”. Telling and reading fairy tales "Three Bears", "Goat with goats", "Three little pigs"; poems by A. Barto "Two sisters look at their brother." Album How I Spent My Summer. Games: role-playing game"Family"; didactic games "Let's set the table for tea drinking", "Daddy's, mom's household", "Let's help mom". A conversation about how to call parents, grandparents.
Lesson progress
The teacher invites the children to guess the riddle, and find the answer in the group, on the shelf with toys.
He praises the guys for the correct guess, picks up a nesting doll. He asks if the children want to meet the guest Matryoshka.
In this doll girl
The sisters are hiding.
Each sister is
For a smaller dungeon.(Matryoshka)
The teacher, on behalf of Matryoshka, gets to know the guys: “My name is Grandma Matryona. I am a wooden doll, chubby, ruddy. In a multi-colored sundress, with a lace handkerchief in his pocket. I didn't visit alone. With me is my husband - grandfather Anton, my two daughters Masha and Dasha and my grandchildren: Marishka, Irishka and Timoshka - a little more than a nut.
The teacher is interested in where the listed relatives of grandmother Matryona are. Invites the children to look for them.
Children look for and find insert nesting dolls in a large nesting doll. All dolls are placed on the table.
Teacher. Guys, is it possible to say that all nesting dolls are one big, Friendly family? Why? (Children's reasoning.) Grandmother Matryona loves to play different games with her grandchildren, and used to play with her daughters when they were little. She wants to play with them and with you.
Held didactic game-reasoning "Who left? Who's come?"
The teacher calls the actions and manipulates the toys, the children name the nesting dolls.
Teacher. Grandma left... (Matryona.) Her eldest daughter came... (Masha.) The eldest daughter left, her two daughters came running ... (Marishka and Irishka.) The girls ran away, grandfather came ... (Anton.) Another daughter came to grandfather Anton ... (Dasha.) Dasha's little son also came ... (Timoshka.) Grandfather… (Anton), daughter… (Dasha) and little granddaughter... (Timoshka) left, and grandmother Matryona came again.
Grandma Matryona. What kind of families do you guys have? Who is in Olya's family (Vova, Olesya, Ksyusha, Masha)? I suggest you try to make a portrait of your family from pictures.
The game "Make a portrait of your family" is held.
Three children take part in the game. On the carpet are sheets of A3 white paper and three sets of pictures (grandmother, grandfather, mother, father, sister, brother, cat, dog, birds, fish). The teacher invites each child to make a portrait of his family from the pictures. The game is repeated 2-3 times.
Grandmother Matrena praises the children and says that the family is the most precious thing a person has. All family members love each other, take care of each other.
Teacher (referring to Matryona). You know, Matryonushka, our guys like to look at photos of their family. Let's tell stories about our families. I will tell the first family story. (Puts the photograph on the easel.) In this photograph, my family is depicted in the summer at the dacha. As a family, we love to grow vegetables, swim in the river, sunbathe, relax, and fish. In this photo, my closest relatives: my husband and our children - a son and a daughter.
Further, the children who wish to tell about their family from the photo. Grandmother Matrena puts all the photos on an easel, praises the guys for interesting stories about the family and draws attention to the fact that in all the photos the family members are smiling, they are close to each other - they feel good together.
Then the teacher shows the children individual photographs of their family members and asks questions:
- Who is Vanya for his mother? (Vanya for mom's son.)
- Whose children are Vanya and Tanya? (Children of mom and dad.)
Whose grandchildren are they? (Grandchildren of grandparents.)
- Whose mother is this? (Mother Tanya, daughters, girls.)
Whose grandmother is this? (Grandmother of Tanya and Vanya.)
- Who is Vanya's sister? (Tanya, girl.)
Grandmother Matryona says that she loves her affectionate grandchildren very much and asks if the guys know how to be affectionate.
A game with the ball "Call it affectionately" is held.
Children stand in a circle. In the center of the circle is a teacher with a ball. He throws the ball to the child and calls any family member, for example: "Mom" (dad, sister, brother, grandmother, grandfather). The child who caught the ball should call his mother affectionately (mommy, mommy, mommy, mother).
Then the teacher draws the attention of the children to the basket that Grandma Matryona brought with her: “Whoever Grandma Matryona puts a basket in her palm, he must put in it the good deeds that the whole family does at home.”
Children stand in a circle. The teacher walks in a circle, puts a basket in the palm of the child, and he calls the good deeds of the whole family (cook delicious food, go to the store, take care of a sick grandfather, wash dishes, wash clothes, vacuum, walk the dog, work in the country, etc.). d.).
Matrena thanks the guys for the basketful of good deeds they named. The teacher thanks Grandma Matryona and the children and concludes: “You all have mothers, fathers, grandmothers, grandfathers, someone has a brother, sister. This is family. Family members live together, love each other and take care of each other. Family is very important for every person. The family can be big or small. The main thing is that family members love each other, be attentive and caring towards each other.”
In conclusion, grandmother Matryona invites her large family and all the children to drink tea with a pie.
October
3. Parsley goes to work
Option 1
Software content. Teach children to group objects according to their purpose; develop a desire to help adults.
Software content. Pictures depicting items needed for games and for work in the garden, in the kitchen, in the apartment; three layouts: garden, kitchen, room.
Lesson progress
The teacher shows the children a letter from Petrushka and reads it. In the letter, Petrushka says that she is visiting her grandmother. He plays, draws, walks, and also helps his grandmother. Today she gave him three tasks: to plant carrots in the garden and water the flowers; cook soup; clean up the room (remove toys, dust, vacuum). But Petrushka got confused in the tools needed to complete the tasks, and asks the guys to help him.
The teacher shows the children models of the garden, kitchen and room and explains the task: you need to take one picture, look at it carefully, name the object, tell how it is used and for what work it is needed, and then put the picture to the appropriate layout. For example, a vacuum cleaner is used to clean a carpet, it needs to be turned on and vacuumed, so a picture of a vacuum cleaner should be added to the room layout.
The teacher draws the attention of the children to the fact that among the pictures with tools there are pictures with toys. They need to be selected and put in a box. The task is considered completed if all the pictures are laid out correctly.
At the end of the game, the teacher invites the children to tell Petrushka in a letter what items he will need to complete his grandmother's tasks.
Option 2
Software content. Develop the ability to group objects according to their purpose; improve coordination and accuracy of movements.
Material. Pictures depicting tools (rake, shovel, watering can) or toy rake, shovel, watering can; flower pot; Petrushka doll; screen.
Lesson progress
Petrushka comes to visit the children and brings pictures depicting tools (rake, shovel, watering can) or toy rakes, a shovel, a watering can and a flower pot.
Teacher. Guys, look and name what Petrushka brought? (Rake, shovel, watering can, flower pot.) Why do you think Petrushka needs all this? (Parsley will work.) Do rakes belong to the natural or man-made world? (To man-made.) And the shovel? (To man-made.) And the earth? (To the natural.) And the watering can? (To man-made.) Let's plant a plant and teach Parsley to do it. First you need to water the ground, then dig a hole, plant a plant, sprinkle with earth and water again. Now tell us what tools we used and what each item is intended for. (A watering can to water; a shovel to dig; a rake to loosen; earth so that everything grows in it; the sun so that everything warms.)
Now draw the items necessary for work, and Petrushka and I will see who can draw better.
The children start painting.
Option 3
Software content. To form the ability of children to classify objects according to their intended purpose; fix the names of professions; to cultivate interest in the work of a gardener, cook, doctor, carpenter, tailor.
Material. Pictures with the image of Petrushka in the form of a gardener, cook, doctor, carpenter, tailor. Object pictures (tools and a few extra items).
Lesson progress
Teacher. You guys already know that our friend Petrushka went to his home in fairyland and sent a letter today. This is what he writes: “Hello guys! I am writing to you from afar. I really like it here. I learned a lot of interesting things about people of different professions and even wanted to work with them. Since I will not come to you soon, I am sending pictures in which the artist painted me at work. And you guys guess what I want to work.
What do you think, who does Petrushka work for? (Shows a picture.) That's right, here he is a doctor. And who is here? (Cook.) Who is Petrushka in this picture? (He is a gardener.) How did you guess? (He is planting flowers.) In this picture, Petrushka is a tailor, he sews clothes for children and adults. In his hands he has a centimeter, with which you can find out how much fabric is needed for trousers or a skirt. Who is in this picture? (Joiner.)
Parsley asks you to help him choose the items he needs for his work. I will show pictures, and you will guess whether Petrushka needs this item for work or not.
If the child correctly names the object, the teacher gives him a picture. The one with the most pictures wins. The game is designed for five players.
A variant of complicating the game is possible: children who are already familiar with the game can play independently for 1-2 people.
4. My friends
Software content. To form the concepts of "friend", "friendship". To cultivate friendly relationships between children, encourage them to do good deeds; learn to cooperate, empathize, show care and attention to each other.
Lesson progress
The teacher invites the children to listen to L. Kvitko's poem and say who it is about.
Children. This is a poem about friends.
About these guys
No wonder they say:
"They are for each other
They stand up high."
There are two of them, but it seems -
Stomping platoon,
When preparation
Goes to battle.
Zhukov study,
Sitting by the river
And very willingly
They eat pies.
One sighs
The other one breathes.
One sneezes
The other one also sneezes.
They don't fight
Almost never,
After all, fighting is not a sport,
Wrestling is yes.
Where is the first
There, therefore, will be the second!
They stand for each other
Mountain guys!
The teacher clarifies: “What is a friend? What does it mean to be friends? (Children's statements.)
The teacher leads the children to the conclusion: real friends are those who take care of their friend or friends, help them in everything.
Then the teacher invites the children to play a game that will help test the friendship. Invites two guys - friends.
An outdoor game "Cross the swamp" is being held.
A “swamp” is separated on the floor (a section 3–4 meters long). The teacher gives the children two boards.
Teacher. Who will cross the swamp faster without getting their feet wet? But do not forget that you are friends, and the swamp is very insidious.
Children "cross the swamp" on the boards, helping each other if necessary.
Teacher. Well done! Happy is he who has a friend. I wonder if everyone has friends? Let's check.
The didactic game "Name your friends" is being held.
The teacher takes out lotto cards with the image of fairy-tale heroes, invites the children to combine the cards into groups and name the fairy-tale heroes - friends:
- Cheburashka, Crocodile, Gena;
– Karabas-Barabas, Duremar;
- Pinocchio, Malvina, Pierrot, Arlekino;
- Koschey, Baba Yaga, Goblin, Serpent Gorynych;
- Nif-Nif, Naf-Naf, Nuf-Nuf.
Teacher. Good! Why does each character have their own friends? What unites them? (Children's statements.) That's right - common interests, goals, hobbies. Which of you wants to tell us about your friend (without calling him by name), about your hobbies, joint games? And we will guess who it is. For example: “I am friends with a boy from our group. He loves to build sand cities. And I always help him. Who is this?"
Children (4-5 children) optionally tell in turn about their friends.
Teacher. What are you good fellows! Everyone is fine, you are smiling, but do you know why? Because we were talking about friends. Talking about friends is pleasant and joyful. Who can be called friends? (Children's statements.) Which of you have friends, raise your hand. Who would like to make a pleasant surprise for others? I suggest you make a gift for your friend or girlfriend out of paper, plasticine, and then give your craft to your dear person. Our lesson is coming to an end. But friendship stays with us forever. Cherish friendship, cherish friendship - be true friends to each other.
November
5. Parsley goes to draw
Software content. Continue to teach children to group objects according to their purpose; develop curiosity.
Material. Large picture "Clown draws"; small pictures depicting tools and materials for drawing.
Lesson progress
Petrushka comes to visit the children, takes out a large picture “The Clown is drawing” from the folder and asks the children to tell what is shown on it.
Then Petrushka shows small pictures and asks the children to help him pick up tools and materials for drawing. Children select pictures with tools and materials for drawing, name objects, tell how they are used and what they are for. Pictures depicting objects that do not correspond to the task are put aside by the children.
In order for Petrushka to use the tools and materials for drawing correctly, the teacher suggests that the children divide the pictures into three groups:
1) tools for drawing with paints;
2) tools for drawing with pencils;
3) tools for drawing with crayons.
Children explain why the objects were assigned to this group. The game task is considered completed if the guys correctly classified the items.
Then the teacher organizes the game "Find a Pair" in order to consolidate the ability to determine the purpose and functions of objects. The game uses pictures depicting objects that perform the same and different functions.
Teacher. Guys, last night they brought me a package and a letter. Do you want to know what is in it? The letter came from children from another kindergarten. They invite us to play the game "Find a Pair" and describe it. What's in the package? Here are envelopes with pictures. Each envelope contains four pictures depicting objects. All objects perform some function. What does it mean "an object performs a function"? (Children's answers.)
With the help of a teacher, children explain what they are doing with the help of this item, how it is used. Then the children name the objects shown in the pictures and talk about their functions.
The teacher distributes one picture to the children.
Teacher. Listen to the task: the guys who have pictures with objects for carrying weights will sit at the first table, the children who have pictures with objects for drawing will sit at the second table, the guys who have pictures with objects for lighting the room will sit at the third table. Now hold up the pictures of things that help you learn, and then the pictures of things that help you work. Well done! They did a good job.
6. Our kindergarten is so good - you won’t find a better garden
Software content. Clarify children's knowledge about kindergarten. (A large beautiful building with many cozy groups, there are two halls (music and sports), a spacious kitchen where cooks prepare food, a medical office where children are helped. Kindergarten is like a big family where everyone takes care of each other.) To expand knowledge about people of different professions working in kindergarten.
Material. Photographs: general view of the kindergarten, group rooms, music and sports halls, kitchen, medical office; pictures of kids doing different types activities; photographs of kindergarten workers. Whatman sheet, glue, felt-tip pens, colored paper.
Lesson progress
The teacher asks the children if they love their kindergarten; do they like to play, study, work; How many friends do they have in kindergarten?
Invites the children to make a photomontage about kindergarten at the common booth. He draws their attention to the photographs, asks them to find among them a photograph of the kindergarten building.
Together with the children, he places a photograph of the kindergarten building on a piece of drawing paper and sticks it.
The teacher invites the children to answer questions and clarifies that each answer is presented in the photo. Draws attention to the fact that after each answer they must find the right photo and paste it on a common stand.
In the course of the conversation with the children, the teacher sticks all the photos on a sheet of drawing paper.
Questions for children:
What is there in kindergarten? (groups, children, adults, toys, etc.)
- Many groups - is it good or bad?
What is our group? (Large, bright, beautiful, cozy, etc.)
What are the guys doing in the group? (They play with toys, read books, take care of flowers, study, etc.)
- What premises, other than group rooms do you know well? (Music and sports halls, kitchen, medical office, etc.)
- What professions work in kindergarten? (Educators, cooks, nurse, manager, music director, carpenter, watchman, etc.)
What kind of work does a teacher do? Assistant teacher? Cook? Laundry worker? Etc.
- What can you tell about the teachers, the cook, health worker, teacher assistant? What are they?
The teacher summarizes the answers of the children and leads them to the conclusion that the kindergarten is large, beautiful, many children attend it; people of different professions work in kindergarten, their work is significant and important.
During the conversation, a sheet of drawing paper with photographs is drawn up with colored paper.